The TB and HIV epidemics: history learned and unlearned.
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Authors examine the experience of two nonelderly adult populations in Indiana and their difficulties in obtaining and retaining health insurance once diagnosed with a serious chronic or catastrophic disease.
Authors examine Wisconsin's recent revision of its child abuse and protection laws to address substance abuse by pregnant women. The new statute enables the state to take the fetus into protective custody. Authors argue that approaching fetal protection using a child abuse model creates a series of symbolic, conceptual, and practical problems of such severity as to undermine its justifiability as a public health measure.
Author argues that fetal protection laws result from the antiabortion agenda, not from concern for child health. Such laws derive from rhetorical dissembling, not careful crafting of public health policy.
This article examines the laws in Australia which relate to AIDS, and considers whether they help or hinder the community health concern of containment of fatal diseases. The laws relating to notifications, blood and organ donations, discrimination and other provisions are canvassed. The author concludes that the legal response to AIDS in Australia is generally characterised by inconsistency, inaccuracy and confusion. The result is that the law is often counter-productive in the social and medical battle against AIDS.
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This article presents an overview of the history of medical and public health responses to syphilis in the 20th-century United States and briefly evaluates the relevance and significance of these approaches for the AIDS epidemic. The parallels are numerous: they relate to science, public health, civil liberties, and social attitudes concerning sexually transmitted infection. The strengths and limits of past approaches to controlling sexually transmitted diseases are explored as a possible guide for AIDS policy.
This article provides an overview of some major areas of legal concern in which the AIDS epidemic is having an impact. The rights of infected individuals to testing, treatment, and confidentiality are reviewed, and emphasis is given to their claims to nondiscrimination regarding access to health care, employment, housing, education, insurance, and related interests. Infected persons' duties to contain transmission of AIDS are outlined under principles of criminal and civil law, including liability for provision of contaminated blood products. Uninfected people's general rights to protection are considered, and health professionals' and authorities' rights and duties are given more detailed attention. In conclusion, some legal developments outside the United States are reviewed.
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