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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Glucocorticoid regulation of DNA, protein and surfactant phospholipid in developing lung. Temporal relationship between growth and differentiation.

In contrast to the physiologic effects of glucocorticoids on lung saturated phosphatidylcholine (SPC) production, glucocorticoids have also been shown to inhibit fetal lung growth. We have found that at the time of increasing SPC production by the fetal rabbit, rat and chick lung there is a spontaneous fall in the DNA/protein ratio of the lung tissue, suggesting decreased cell proliferation similar to that which is seen with exogenous glucocorticoid treatment. Treatment of chick embryos with glucocorticoid causes a fall in the DNA/protein ratio and a rise in the SPC content of the lung; the antiglucocorticoid 11-deoxycortisol blocks both the spontaneous fall in the DNA/protein ratio and the rise in the lung SPC content. We conclude that there is a natural slowing of lung growth in response to endogenous glucocorticoid.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The danger of developing lung cancer in the manufacture of asbestos panel].

The article presents results of study covering mortality with lung cancer among the staffers of 2 enterprises producing asbestos cardboard. The study proved that long work in dusty conditions (dust concentration nearly 1.0 mg/m3) does not result to higher risk of death with lung cancer. However the influence of increased concentrations of dust requires further investigations.

Asbestos, Serpentine↗
PubMed1997

The risk of developing lung cancer associated with antioxidants in the blood: ascorbic acid, carotenoids, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and total peroxyl radical absorbing capacity.

Lung cancer cases diagnosed during the period 1975 through 1993 and matched controls were identified in the rosters of Washington County, Maryland residents who had donated blood for a serum bank in 1974 or 1989. Plasma from participants in the 1989 project was assayed for ascorbic acid; serum or plasma was assayed for participants in either project for alpha- and beta-carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and peroxyl radical absorption capacity. Among the total group of 258 cases and 515 controls, serum/plasma concentrations were significantly lower among cases than controls for cryptoxanthin, beta-carotene, and lutein/zeaxanthin with case-control differences of -25.5, -17.1, and -10.1%, respectively. Modest nonsignificant case-control differences in a protective direction were noted for alpha-carotene and ascorbic acid. There were only trivial differences for lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and peroxyl radical absorption capacity. Findings are reported for males and females and for persons who had never smoked cigarettes, former smokers, and current smokers at baseline. These results and those from previous studies suggest that beta-carotene is a marker for some protective factor(s) against lung cancer; that cryptoxanthin, alpha-carotene, and ascorbic acid need to be investigated further as potentially protective factors or associates of a protective factor; and that lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and peroxyl radical absorption capacity are unlikely to be associated with lung cancer risk. Until specific preventive factors are identified, the best protection against lung cancer is still the avoidance of airborne carcinogens, especially tobacco smoke; second best is the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Expression patterns of adhesion receptors in the developing mouse lung: functional implications.

A detailed, immunohistological study of mouse lung development from the first appearance of primary lung buds off the laryngo tracheal groove through the formation of the mature, adult lung has been carried out using monoclonal antibodies specific for endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, adhesion receptors and markers of mature endothelial cell function. These included mAbs specific for PECAM-1, alpha-smooth muscle actin, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, VCAM-1, alpha 4 and alpha 6 integrin subunits, thrombomodulin and factor VIII. The results document a dynamic pattern of receptor expression and indicate that the expansion of the pulmonary vascular system may take place by both angiogenic and vasculogenic processes. They further document differences in receptor expression by vascular and airway smooth muscle. ICAM-1 expression was primarily extravascular during development. The expression patterns of alpha 4 integrin and its counter receptor VCAM-1 lacked the complementarity that might be expected if they were functioning as a receptor/counter-receptor pair in lung development. Thrombomodulin expression patterns support a major role for the thrombin/ thrombomodulin system in lung development. The expression of thrombomodulin only at sites of airway branching suggests that the thrombin/thrombomodulin system could play a pivotal, regulatory role in branching morphogenesis.

Actins↗
PubMed1988

Synthesis of platelet activating factor by cholinephosphotransferase in developing fetal rabbit lung.

Developing fetal lung is a possible source of the platelet activating factor (PAF, 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) present in amniotic fluid of women in labor. We have assayed the microsomal activities of a specific enzyme for the de novo synthesis of PAF in developing fetal and neonatal rabbit lung, 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-glycerol-dependent dithiothreitol-insensitive cholinephosphotransferase. The specific activity of this enzyme increased from 0.92 to 3.60 nmol X min-1 X mg-1 protein between day 21 and day 31 of gestation. In constrast, during this same period the activity of the PAF-biosynthetic cholinephosphotransferase in developing rabbit kidney did not change significantly. The specific activity of the diacyl-glycerol-dependent, dithiothreitol-sensitive cholinephosphotransferase that catalyzes the final step in phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis was not altered during late gestation in either fetal lung or kidney. Previously, increased amounts of pulmonary PAF had been found during the latter stages of gestation (Hoffman, Truong and Johnston (1986) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 879, 88-96) and may be attributed to increased activity of the PAF biosynthetic enzymes found in this investigation. This elevated level of PAF in fetal lung may serve to facilitate breakdown of glycogen that provides, in part, the carbon and energy source for surfactant biosynthesis. In addition, PAF may be secreted in association with surfactant into amniotic fluid in which it may interact with amnion tissue and subsequently participate in the events associated with the initiation of parturition.

Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase↗
PubMed1997

Changes in decorin expression with hyperoxic injury to developing rat lung.

Proteoglycans are extracellular matrix components that appear to play important roles in lung development and in the response to injury. Decorin, a small extracellular matrix-associated proteoglycan, is known to be involved in collagen fibrillogenesis and is a likely participant in the pathogenesis of lung injury. We hypothesized that chronic exposure of the developing lung to hyperoxia would result in temporal and spatial changes in decorin expression. To determine the expression of decorin in normal and oxygen-injured lung, newborn rats were exposed to hyperoxia for 6 wk. Decorin mRNA abundance was determined using Northern hybridization analyses, and decorin expression was localized by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Decorin mRNA expression in type II pneumocytes was studied using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Oxygen exposure is associated with a 77% reduction in decorin mRNA in whole lung and a decrease in decorin immunoreactivity in connective tissues surrounding large airways and blood vessels, but an increase in decorin mRNA and protein expression at the tips of alveolar septa. Studies using isolated cells indicate that macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils contain decorin core protein but not decorin mRNA. Type II pneumocytes do not contain either decorin mRNA or core protein. These findings demonstrate that hyperoxic lung injury is associated with localized changes in decorin expression, changes that are not reflected in whole lung RNA studies. It is likely that regional changes in lung decorin expression are influenced by factors produced and acting locally, and that such changes may contribute to the morphologic alterations characteristic of oxygen-induced lung injury.

Animals↗