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PubMed2004

Means, not ends.

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Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indoor environments, work and health].

Nowadays, the activities of most of the working population are carried out in confined, non-industrial environments such as offices, hospitals, libraries, social and leisure centres and means of transport. Sub-optimal air quality in these confined spaces can lead to discomfort, ailments and even diseases. The impact and diffusion of these effects have led to the organisation and funding of large-scale epidemiological investigations in many countries and the nomination of working parties by governments, health agencies and international scientific societies. Over the past 20 years studies on indoor environments have identified sources of risk of various pollutants, established the levels of potentially dangerous concentrations and, for most of them, have provided effective measures. However, the effects of many biological agents and chemical mixtures still remain to be defined and effective guidelines are needed for high quality indoor air. Identifying and managing indoor risk factors presupposes a specific methodology: the specialist in occupational medicine can play a key role in risk assessment, in the early diagnosis of building-related illnesses and in the prevention of both short- and long-term effects.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2005

State of the art of expert searching: results of a Medical Library Association survey.

OBJECTIVES: Medical Library Association (MLA) members were surveyed to gather background about the current state of expert searching in institutions. The survey results were intended to guide the recommendations of the Task Force on Expert Searching for promoting the importance of expert searching and implementing those recommendations. METHODS: MLA members were surveyed, and data obtained from the survey were compiled and analyzed to answer three general questions: what is the perceived value of searching skills to the institution, how do health sciences librarians maintain and improve their searching skills, and how are searching services promoted and/or mandated in the institution. RESULTS: There were 256 responses to the survey. Over 95% of the respondents saw their expert-searching skills were of value to their institutions, primarily through performing mediated searches and search consultations. Over 83% of the respondents believed that their searching skills had improved over the past 10 years. Most indicated that continued training was very important in maintaining and improving their skills. Respondents promoted searching services most frequently through orientations, brochures, and the libraries' Web pages. No respondent's institution mandated expert searching. Less than 2% of respondents' institutions had best practice guidelines related to expert searching, and only about 8% had guidelines or policies that identified situations where expert searching was recommended. CONCLUSIONS: The survey supports the belief that health sciences librarians still play a valuable role in searching, particularly in answering questions about treatment options and in providing education. It also highlights the need for more expert searching courses. There has been minimal discussion about the perceived need for expert-searching guidelines in the institutions represented by survey respondents.

Health Education↗
PubMed2005

A curious mind.

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Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Library].

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Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed2005

[A meta-analysis of treatment of infantile diarrhea with bifid triple viable bacterial tablet].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of bifid triple viable bacterial tablet in treatment of infantile diarrhea. METHODS: According to the requirements of Cochrane systematic review, a thorough literature search was performed among Chinese Digital Hospital Library (www.chkd.cnki.net) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Disk Database (CBMdisk). A meta analysis was performed on a total of 1326 patients involved in 12 papers which met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Publication bias analysis showed that the funnel plot was symmetrical. Test for heterogeneity showed that the groups treated with bifid triple viable bacterial tablet and antibiotics or anti-viral agents or placebo control had clinical homogeneity and statistical homogeneity (P = 0.66, 0.67, 0.85, respectively, I(2) = 0%), which allowed to use fixed effect model analysis. The bifid triple viable bacterial tablet and Smecta did not have statistical homogeneity (P = 0.02, I(2) = 70.9%), therefore random effect model analysis was applied. Incorporation analysis showed that in comparison of the bifid triple viable bacterial tablet versus antibiotics or anti-viral agents or placebo control, the odds ratios were 5.34, 4.74 and 6.43, respectively, and 95% CIs were [2.81, 10.16], [2.47, 9.09], and [2.61, 15.83], on test for overall effect, Z = 5.11, 4.67 and 4.04, P < 0.00001. In the forest plot the 95% CI horizontal line of incorporation odds ratio droped to the right side of the vertical line indicating the border of effectiveness. However, no statistically significant difference was found between bifid triple viable bacterial tablet and Smecta. CONCLUSION: The clinical evidences available so far indicated that treatment of infantile diarrhea with bifid triple viable bacterial tablet is safe and effective although rigorously designed large sample size randomized double blind clinical trials are required to further demonstrate and support the conclusion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Using XML technologies to organize electronic reference resources.

Provision of access to reference electronic resources to clinicians is becoming increasingly important. We have created a framework for librarians to manage access to these resources at an enterprise level, rather than at the individual hospital libraries. We describe initial project requirements, implementation details, and some preliminary results.

Information Storage and Retrieval↗
PubMed1991

Use of information resources by veterinary practitioners.

Veterinary practitioners are often isolated from easy access to information in medical or hospital libraries, making necessary the use of a variety of information resources. A survey was conducted to assess the extent to which various information resources were used within the veterinary profession. Most responding veterinarians were small-animal practitioners who used the veterinary literature, colleagues, diagnostic laboratories, continuing education courses, association meetings, and pharmaceutical representatives as sources of information. Books and other practitioners were the preferred information source in critical-care situations, followed closely by diagnostic laboratories and journals. For keeping up-to-date with current advances in veterinary medicine, journals, books, other practitioners, and continuing education were used. University extension services, veterinary medical libraries, and computer applications to information use were not important resources ot most of the respondents. Many veterinarians indicated that they would use library services if they knew more about them. With the trend toward computerization in veterinary practice, it is possible for libraries to help reduce the information isolation of many veterinary practices.

Computers↗
PubMed1991

Recent health sciences library building projects.

Librarians were asked to submit information for an annual architectural feature on projected, partially funded, architect selected, nearly designed, bid completed, under construction, almost finished, or recently completed library construction. Thirty-two health sciences libraries reported expansion, construction of new facilities, or construction planning. Seven building programs were identified as projected, or in predesign or design stages. Five projects were new, stand-alone structures in which the library occupies all or a major portion of the space. Nine projects were part of new construction for several separately administered units in which the library is a major tenant. Eleven projects involved additions to or renovations of existing space. Seven projects are presented as illustrative of current library construction.

Facility Design and Construction↗
PubMed1990

PDQ: the National Cancer Institute's computerized database for physicians.

Physician Data Query (PDG) is the National Cancer Institute's computerized database of current information regarding cancer treatment consisting of four major files: (1) a cancer information file providing prognostic and treatment information on all major cancers; (2) a protocol file containing investigational and standard therapy protocols; (3) a physician directory of 10,000 physicians devoting a major portion of their clinical practices to cancer treatment; and (4) a directory of approximately 2,000 organizations and institutions providing care to cancer patients. While PDQ's primary user group is practicing physicians requiring information for patient care, it can be of use to other health professionals. Searches are rapid, inexpensive, and can be performed through medical and hospital libraries, via individual direct accession, or in conjunction with other online vendors.

MEDLARS↗