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[Trans-scleral diaphanoscopy in eye injuries].
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Eye injuries: emergency treatment.
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[First experience with Russian ophthalmological roentgenology in eye injuries].
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[Tire explosion as a new cause of eye injuries].
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[Eye injuries caused by winter sports].
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[Clinical and histological evaluation of primary care of perforating eye injuries].
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[Ways of improving the effectiveness eye injury treatment].
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Penetrating eye injuries: a histopathological review.
This study reports the histological findings in human eyes after severe penetrating trauma. The findings confirm the high incidence of retinal detachment in eyes with severe penetrating injuries. The retina was detached in 32 out of the 34 eyes examined, with 27 having evidence of traction on the retina. These eyes were characterized histologically by intraocular cellular proliferation producing cyclitic, epiretinal, and retroretinal membranes. Intraocular cellular proliferation was discernible or established within 1 week of injury and typically resulted in a cyclitic membrane at about 6 weeks. Epiretinal and retroretinal membranes were found between 1 and 2 weeks after injury in eyes with a detached retina. The results indicate that a damaged lens, the admixture of lens material and vitreous, and the presence of vitreous haemorrhage were all factors promoting intravitreal fibroblastic proliferation. Vitreous surgery may be a rational method of treatment for these severely injured eyes by removing the stimulus and vitreous scaffold for intravitreal fibroblastic proliferation. From this series it would appear that vitrectomy should not be delayed beyond the second week of injury, by which time massive cellular ingrowth may already be under way.
[Eye injury caused by superglue].
BACKGROUND: Eye lesions caused by superglue (instant glue) are relatively rare, and hence therapeutical experiences are limited. PATIENT: A female intended to treat a mild conjunctivitis by herself with anti-inflammatory eye drops. Inadvertently she took a tube of instant glue which then filled most of the conjunctival sac. After intensive rinsing the hardened glue was mechanically removed as far as possible. Remaining glue was spontaneously rejected within a few hours. After four days the resulting subtotal corneal erosion had healed, and visual function had returned almost to normal. CONCLUSIONS: Inspite of the dramatic, acute aspect the clinical course after superglue lesions is usually benign. Therapeutically, vigorous manipulations seem to be more harmful than useful. Spontaneous rejection of the glue should be awaited instead.
Treatment of eye injuries on a plantation.
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[Eye injuries during paintball games. The first Danish case with a summary of foreign experiences].
Paintball shooting is played with increasing frequency in Denmark, and ocular injuries can cause serious damage. The first Danish case is presented and the literature is reviewed.
[Tear gas and eye injuries].
In the course of the last year, the Eye Clinic, Ullevål hospital has treated six cases of corneal injury caused by violent use of tear gas spray cannisters. In some cases there was total abrasion of the corneal epithelium, which could take several weeks to heal. We want to draw attention to this "weapon", the use of which seems to be spreading among young people.
[Prevention of eye injuries in the mechanical shops of the machine-building factories of Perm].
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Ability of in vitro (corneal injury--eye organ--and chorioallantoic membrane) tests to represent histopathological features of acute eye inflammation.
The spontaneous removal of substances from the eye in vivo and histopathological responses to mild or moderate irritants were examined to define the main features that may be reflected in a valid in vitro test for irritant potential. Solutions or fine particulate suspensions applied to the rabbit eye are quickly removed from the central corneal surface by the blink reflex, gravity and drainage. The histological changes in the first 24 hours of mild-to-moderate irritation show some thinning of, but no severe irreversible damage to, the corneal epithelium. Other changes are oedema, congestion, some leucocyte infiltration and variable degeneration and desquamation of the conjunctival epithelium. In vitro cell-culture cytotoxicity tests are a useful screen for direct cytotoxic damage to epithelial cells but there are anomalies between the results of such tests and in vivo eye responses. Test systems using inhibition of DNA synthesis in cultured fibroblasts and histamine release from mast cells have shown poor correlation between in vitro and in vivo test results. The in vitro corneal injury (eye organ) test of Burton et al. (Fd Cosmet. Toxicol. 1981, 19,471) predicts very effectively the activity of moderate-to-severe irritants, and that of mild irritants when the contact time is modified or fluorescein or histology are used. This method demonstrates the response of a specialized tissue of the eye and facilitates the examination of powders, acids and alkalies, for which cell systems are not suitable. So far the chorioallantoic membrane of the egg has not been found to predict for pure chemicals the activities demonstrated in in vivo or in vitro tests on the eye; the main change seen in the egg membrane is necrosis, with little evidence of inflammation.