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PubMed1979

Demographic growth and health needs in Latin America.

The net effect of the rapid population growth in Latin American countries is an increase in the needs for health services. Nevertheless, the demographic factor is not the only nor the most important consideration in determining how to satisfy these demands in the region. The main contradiction lies between the magnitude of needs for services generated by the adverse living conditions prevalling among the majority of the population, together with a restricted supply of health services, the availability of which varies according to social class. The problem of the increasing demand for medical care, generated by the rapid population growth, should be recognized as originating in the socioeconomic structural conditions prevailing in Latin American countries today which determine, simultaneously, low health levels, deficiencies in the provision of health services, and rapid population growth.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple method for estimating the contraceptive prevalence required to reach a fertility target.

This report describes and applies a procedure for estimating the increase in contraceptive prevalence that would have to occur to achieve specified future reductions in a population's fertility. This target-setting methodology is based on a previously developed analytic model for the relationship between fertility and its proximate determinants. The basic aggregate version of the estimation procedure, which is described in detail, requires relatively few input data, but it allows changes in the mix of contraceptive methods in future years. In extended versions of the model, age specificity and adjustments for given trends in the proximate determinants other than contraceptive use are introduced.

Contraception Behavior↗
PubMed1984

Zyderm collagen: implantation technics.

This paper describes in detail the injection technics for Zyderm collagen, purified bovine collagen (EPC), presently used by us. Because we were clinical investigators, we have used the material for longer than 6 years. The paper outlines our initial technics, some of which were successful and some, not successful. Equipment, patient positioning, technics for estimating whether or not EPC will work, syringe and needle positioning, and how best to judge whether or not the implant is being placed in the dermis are discussed. Each indication for EPC and each area where EPC is effective are addressed individually, with special emphasis on the precise technic that produces the best and longest-lasting results. Because we feel that injection technic is critical for safety and efficacy, this detailed description of the technic and how it was derived is submitted for others to share.

Cicatrix↗
PubMed1994

Estimated numbers of one-parent families and their prevalence in Great Britain in 1991.

This article gives the final estimate of the number of one-parent families in Great Britain in 1991--1.3 million--and a provisional estimate--of 1.4 million--for 1992. It also estimates that there were 2.2 million dependent children living in one-parent families in 1991, and provides a provisional estimate for 1992 of 2.3 million. Overall, in 1992, about one in five families with dependent children was a one-parent family and about one in five of all dependent children lived in a one-parent family. The article also examines the family sizes of one-parent families; the profiles by marital status of both lone mothers and lone fathers; the ages of lone parents and of their dependent children, and the geographical variation in the prevalence of lone parenthood within Great Britain in 1991. Finally, census data on the family composition of households are examined to investigate the extent to which lone parent families live in multi-family households, and the relationship between the lone parent and the head of the other main family in the household.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Basis for information transmission with biosignals for development of technical communication aids for handicapped patients].

For the design of communication aids controlled by biosignals for the handicapped, an analysis of the aspects of the significance of information is mandatory. The definition of information in its five aspects statistics, syntax, semantics, pragmatics and apobetics, enables us to conclude that the transmission of information is possible only with voluntarily influenceable biosignal components. The voluntary influencing of the biosignal may be interpreted as a modulation of the amplitude density of the Fourier integral. By calculating the highest possible statistical information content of a biosignal, it is possible to estimate the technical complexity of a biosignal-based communication system. The construction of efficient communication aids is possible when many biosignal components that can be readily and rapidly controlled voluntarily are to be found.

Biosensing Techniques↗
PubMed1975

The containment of world population growth.

The world has reached the present position of unprecedentedly rapid population growth not by achieving uniquely high fertility but by bringing about extraordinarily low mortality. The high growth rate and the built-in momentum of the age structure are obstacles to achievement of an acceptable standard of living for most of the world's population. Although government population programs have the potential to curb this growth rate, this potential has not been realized, and such programs are too often perceived both by their administrators and the population concerned as an end in themselves rather than a means toward a better standard of living. It is in this latter perspective, and in the context of the total development process, that population programs should be implemented.

Adult↗