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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Arachidonic acid and other long-chain fatty acids in canine ceroid lipofuscinosis. Distribution in glycerolipids, metabolism, and pathophysiological correlations.

Dogs with canine ceroid lipofuscinosis (CCL)+ show an abnormal EEG as early as 5 mo of age and exhibited either severe disorganization or very low amplitudes by 24 mo. Ceroid particles accumulate with age and, within neurons, have a unique characteristic appearance consisting of lamellar patterns enclosed by a single unit membrane. Although the etiology of their formation has not been fully elucidated, isolated particles are enriched in phospholipids. Our present studies have examined microsomal enzymes involved in phospholipid synthesis and turnover and demonstrate that the acyl group composition of cerebral lipids from animals with CCL is similar to that from controls. However, the activation of palmitic, linoleic, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic acids into their Coenzyme A thiol ester forms was significantly lower in cerebral and cerebellar microsomes of the diseased dogs than in those of the controls. In addition, the incorporation of arachidonic acid into phospholipids was significantly decreased in affected animals. These results suggest that the metabolism of arachidonic acid plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ceroid lipofuscinosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Identification of mast cells in buffy coat preparations from dogs with inflammatory skin diseases.

In 100 dogs with 4 inflammatory dermatologic diseases, buffy coat preparations from EDTA-treated blood samples were examined cytologically. Fifty-four dogs had atopy, 26 had flea-bite hypersensitivity, 17 had sarcoptic mange, and 3 had food allergy. Twenty-eight dogs had 2 or more concurrent skin diseases; most of these had secondary pyoderma. Dogs did not have mast cell tumors. Thirteen samples contained 1 or more mast cells/4 slides reviewed. This study revealed that dogs with inflammatory skin diseases can have a few to many mast cells evident on cytologic examination of buffy coat preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Androgen receptor expression in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic hepatoid glands in the dog.

Neoplasms of the perianal glands are common in the dog, particularly in the male. The occurrence of these tumours appears to be hormone related and castration, without excision of the tumour, has sometimes resulted in regression of the tumour. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of androgen receptors (AR) in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic hepatoid glands in the dog. Thirty-one samples of canine hepatoid gland tissues were investigated. The lesions, classified according to WHO criteria, were comprised of 19 hyperplastic tissues, 10 benign lesions (2 hepatoid gland epithelioma and 8 hepatoid adenomas), and 19 carcinomas. Five samples from normal hepatoid glands were also investigated. The AR expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using a streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method. The immunoexpression was scored by two pathologists as the percentage of positive nuclei. The intensity of staining was also considered. AR expression was detected in all normal and abnormal glands. However, in hyperplastic tissues the percentage of positive nuclei was significantly higher than in normal tissue and especially in reserve basaloid cells. A similar increase in the percent of positive nuclei was also observed in hepatoid epitheliomas, while in hepatoid adenoma the percent of AR-immunolabelling was only slightly increased compared to normal tissue. In hepatoid carcinomas the percent of AR-positive cells was similar to that observed in benign tumours. The grade of differentiation of hepatoid carcinomas did not affect AR expression. These results demonstrate that increased AR expression is maintained throughout perianal gland cancer progression and that hepatoid gland carcinomas still express AR. Although further studies may be required to evaluate the hormonal background of these diseases, dogs bearing those carcinomas might benefit from castration or anti hormonal therapy.

Anal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Onychectomy as a therapy for symmetric claw and claw fold disease in the dog.

Chronic onychodystrophies are a group of diseases that are frustrating and potentially expensive to manage. Despite appropriate diagnostics, an underlying etiology may not be identified. Long-term therapy may result in resolution or remission; however, relapses are common. In many cases, the disease persists in the face of appropriate therapy. Seven dogs with chronic onychodystrophies were treated with onychectomies. Treatment resolved the clinical signs for a follow-up period of four months to six years.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Diagnosis of autoimmune skin disease in the dog: correlation between histopathologic, direct immunofluorescent and clinical findings.

Histopathologic, immunopathologic and clinical evaluation of two hundred thirty dogs resulted in a diagnosis of canine autoimmune skin disease (AISD) in eighty four of the suspected cases. Pemphigus foliaceus was the most common diagnosis, followed by bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris. The highest percentage of cases were mixed breeds, followed by shelties, collies, German shepherds and poodles. There was no apparent age or sex predilection. Eighty seven percent of the eighty four cases of AISD were diagnosed on the basis of supportive clinical criteria in addition to compatible histopathologic and/or direct immunofluorescent findings. Thirteen percent of the cases with a final clinical diagnosis of AISD lacked supportive immunohistopathologic criteria on biopsy and the diagnosis was based upon clinical appearance, exclusion of other dermatoses, and response to immunosuppressive therapy. This latter group included four cases of SLE diagnosed using a combination of clinical criteria and a positive test for antinuclear antibody. Thirty three percent of the AISD cases were diagnosed on the basis of compatible findings on both histopathology and direct immunofluorescence. A histopathologic diagnosis of AISD was made in sixty nine percent of the cases. Positive direct immunofluorescence was found in fifty two percent of the cases. Thirty five percent of the AISD cases were diagnosed on histopathologic criteria without supportive immunofluorescent findings, while nineteen percent had positive direct immunofluorescence with nonspecific histopathologic changes. The number of definitive positive results was greater for direct immunofluorescence (38%) than for histopathology (25%). There was an equal incidence (21%) of false positive results among non-AISD cases with both tests. Indirect immunofluorescence appears to have little value in the diagnosis of canine AISD. The recommended diagnostic approach to canine AISD involves the use of both histopathologic and immunopathologic evaluations.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Plasmapheresis in five dogs with systemic immune-mediated disease.

Five dogs with signs referable to systemic immune-mediated disease, four with systemic lupus erythematosus, and one with probable lupus myopathy were treated with plasmapheresis in combination with low-dose immunosuppressive drug therapy. Previous treatment with conventional dosages of prednisone was not satisfactory and was associated with adverse side effects. Two dogs had short-term responses to combined therapy, and 3 dogs had sustained responses. Clinical remission was associated with normalization of serum complement levels and decreases in antinuclear antibody titers. Toxicosis potentially related to plasma component depletion was observed in 2 dogs. Acute clinical illness and disease states refractory to conventional immunosuppressive therapy should be considered indications for plasmapheresis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraoperative spinal ultrasonography in two dogs with spinal disease.

Ultrasonography was performed during spinal surgery on two dogs that were suspected of having intramedullary lesions by myelography and magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasonographically, the pathologic conditions of the spinal canal or cord were adequately imaged during surgery in both dogs. On the basis of ultrasonographic findings, a biopsy was obtained in Patient 1 and removal of the lesion was accomplished in Patient 2. Histopathologic diagnosis was myelomalacia in Patient 1 and spinal nephroblastoma in Patient 2. Intraoperative ultrasonography was demonstrated to be suitable for detecting intradural conditions, and, thus, is valuable for increasing the accuracy of biopsies or completeness of resections of intramedullary lesions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lobular dissecting hepatitis in juvenile and young adult dogs.

A specific form of chronic hepatitis is described in 21 dogs. The disease appears to develop in the neonatal and juvenile period. Predominant clinical signs include weight loss, ascites, and jaundice. The liver is small, with a smooth surface or a limited number of hyperplastic nodules. A characteristic feature of the hepatitis is disruption of the hepatic architecture by complete fibrotic dissection of the lobular parenchyma into individual and small groups of hepatocytes with subsequent portal hypertension. This lesion may represent a specific pattern of hepatic reaction in the immature animal, and resembles human neonatal hepatitis.

Age of Onset↗