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PubMed1977

The real challenge: a self-health system with genuine commitment.

Major concepts and principles of health education have succeeded when they have been applied in the field with genuine commitment as illustrated by the programme at the Rural Health Training Centre in India and demonstrated by health education projects in Indonesia, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand. But community health programmes have either failed or their progress been retarded by lack of true commitment to these concepts and principles. At the political, administrative and technical levels of administration, commitment can be developed and strengthened by involvement in health education programmes which apply and adapt health education concepts and principles. Commitment spreads vertically and horizontally, and health education faculty in the schools of public health should facilitate this process. Health education with commitment should operate as a self-reliant health care delivery system to meet the primary health needs of people. Its evolution and development into a self-health system which links and involves the individual, family, community, school, work place, institutions and the total environment in an integrated self-care process is a challenge to be faced. Though the individual and his family assume responsibility for their health, each component of the system has an important role in maintaining and promoting it. In addition there are facilitating systems like the drug industry, whose participation will be crucial for effective functioning of the self-health system. Development of self-health systems is the emerging challenge which the health education specialists of the future will have to meet and they have to be trained adequately in new areas of knowledge, relationships, experience and skills. The new role, in addition to traditional skills, requires a high degree of competence in pioneering, innovating, planning, coordinating and evaluating education for self-health care measures. Above all, health education specialists should be continuously engaged in action research activities which reinforce their commitment to the principles and concepts of health education and promote its spread to all the key levels of the administration.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1996

Training of opinion leaders in family planning in India: does it serve any purpose?

Community leaders are known to play a crucial role in the diffusion of innovations. The government of India started an ambitious programme for the training of opinion leaders in family planning, so as to provide a boost to its National Family Planning (Welfare) Programme. The present study attempts to analyse the knowledge, attitudes and practices of opinion leaders who had been trained in such Orientation Training Camps, vis a vis their untrained counterparts from the same geopolitical region. There was a highly significant difference between the knowledge of the two groups (p < 0.001) and a minor difference in their attitudes towards family planning (p = 0.18), but the practices of opinion leaders from both the groups were identical, thus pointing to a significant KAP-gap in the trained group. Opinion leaders from both the groups were engaged in minimal or negligible motivational work among their followers for acceptance of contraception, and only a very limited few from both the groups had themselves adopted any method of modern contraception.

Community Health Workers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Community-based research as a tool for empowerment: the Haida Gwaii Diabetes Project example.

The evolution of the Haida Gwaii Diabetes Project exemplifies how community-based family practice research can be a tool for empowerment for both the community of research participants and the community based members of the research team. The aims of the project are to develop a better understanding of Haida beliefs about diabetes; to develop culturally sensitive approaches to prevention and management; and to attempt to apply this understanding to the development of a model for preventive health for native people in the province of British Columbia. A participatory research paradigm, coupled with explicit working principles by which the research team agreed to operate, addressed the concerns that the Aboriginal community had about the risks of research. A true working partnership has developed among all members of the research team, and with the Haida community.

British Columbia↗
PubMed1996

A village seizes the reins of health care.

The setting-based approach to health promotion and education has been adopted in an Albanian village. The project requires a high degree of self-determination and self-help. External support comes from the International Islamic Relief Organization. Encouraging progress is being made as villagers acquire a wide range of skills, connected not only with the provision of care but also with such matters as fund-raising, health education and relations with public and private bodies.

Albania↗
PubMed1996

The community care model of the Intercountry Centre for Oral Health at Chiangmai, Thailand.

The Intercountry Centre for Oral Health opened in Chiangmai, Thailand, in November, 1981. In 1984, as part of its mandate to promote new approaches to the delivery of oral health care, it initiated a demonstration project known as the Community Care Model for Oral Health. Logistic, financial and organisational difficulties prevented the full implementation of the original plan. Nevertheless, consideration of the strengths and weaknesses of the Model has provided valuable suggestions for adoption by national and international health agencies interested in adopting a primary health care approach to the delivery of oral health services. Important features which could be appropriate for disadvantaged communities include: integration into the existing health service infrastructure; emphasis on health promotion and prevention; minimal clinical interventions; an in-built monitoring and evaluation system based on epidemiological principles, full community participation in planning and implementation; the establishment of specific targets and goals; the instruction of all health personnel, teachers and senior students in the basic principles of the recognition, prevention and control of oral diseases and conditions; the application of relevant principles of Performance Logic to training; and the provision of a clear career path for all health personnel.

Career Mobility↗