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PubMed1986

[Clinico-genetical studies of colonic cancer. III. Primary multiple malignant neoplasms].

The results of clinico-genealogic analysis of 46 patients with primary-multiple malignant neoplasms are given (among them 16 patients with primary-multiple malignant neoplasms of colon cancer and 30 patients with one or more neoplasms in combination with different malignant tumors of other organs). The values of segregation rates obtained for primary-multiple malignant neoplasms are lower than theoretically expected for simple monogeneous types of inheritance. The relation analysis of primary-multiple malignant neoplasms and colon cancer revealed that these tumors are likely to appear among relatives of probands under the influence of the same genetic system of determination. Risk of the colon cancer development for relatives of the patients with primary-multiple malignant neoplasms is higher than for relatives of the patients with colon cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

A novel inflammation-related mouse colon carcinogenesis model induced by azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate.

To develop an efficient animal model for colitis-related carcinogenesis, male Crj: CD-1 (ICR) mice were given a single intraperitoneal administration (10 mg/kg body weight) of a genotoxic colonic carcinogen, azoxymethane (AOM), and a 1-week oral exposure (2% in drinking water) to a non-genotoxic carcinogen, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), under various protocols. At week 20, colonic neoplasms (adenocarcinomas, 100% incidence with 5.60 +/- 2.42 multiplicity; and adenomas, 38% incidence with 0.20 +/- 0.40 multiplicity) with dysplastic lesions developed in mice treated with AOM followed by DSS. Protocols in which AOM was given during or after DSS administration induced a few tubular adenomas or no tumors in the colon. Immunohistochemical investigation of such dysplasias and neoplasms revealed that all lesions were positive for beta-catenin, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, but did not show p53 immunoreactivity. The results indicate that 1-week administration of 2% DSS after initiation with a low dose of AOM exerts a powerful tumor-promoting activity in colon carcinogenesis in male ICR mice, and may provide a novel mouse model for investigating colitis-related colon carcinogenesis and for identifying xenobiotics with modifying effects.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Growth rates of benign and malignant neoplasms of the colon.

In summary, there is a wide, natural variance in rates of growth of benign and malignant neoplasms of the lower bowel. There is a crude correlation between growth rate and histopathology. The difference between DT(act) and DT(pot) is manifold. Primary surface desquamating cancers probably grow much slower than their metastases. These factors are of importance in understanding neoplastic behavior and in designing detection and treatment protocols. The gap in knowledge is for in vivo growth rates and mathematical patterns of growth in the period before a neoplasm reaches the threshold size permitting observation. The rates of growth are very relevant to screening and diagnostic strategies.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1975

[On cancer mortality in the German Democratic Republic. Regional differences and time trends of mortality of malignant neoplasms of stomach, colon, rectum, breast, and uterus, 1960--1969].

Mortality of maligant neoplasms of stomach (ICD 151; 84 529 deaths), colon (ICD 153; 13237 deaths), rectum (ICD 154; 13687 deaths), breast (ICD 174; 24400 deaths), and uterus (ICD 180--182; 25308 deaths) in the GDR in the years from 1960 to 1969 is described. There are regional differences of mortality which cannot be explained by demographic and diagnostic factors solely but suggest that there exist real differences of cancer risk. Mortality of stomach cancer is relatively low in the middle regions (Berlin, Frankfurt, Potsdam, Cottbus) and in the region of Erfurt and remakably high in the regions of Schwerin, Neubrandenburg, Gera, Leipzig and Karl-Max-Stadt. Mortality of colonic cancer is highest in Berlin, lowest in Schwerin, Neubrandenburg and Gera. Mortality of rectum cancer shows minor regional differences and another distribution than colonic ancer. Mortality of breast cancer is extremely high in Berlin and very low in Suhl. Mortality of cancer of the uterus reaches high levels in Neubrandenburg and is very low in the region of Karl-Marx-Stadt. In the period 1960--1969, mortality of stomach cancer has decreased whereas mortality of colonic cancer has increased. Mortality of rectum neoplasm remained constant. The time trend of mortality of breast cancer demonstrates regional differences and has increased somewhat in th GDR. Mortality of uterus cancer has slightly decreased. Regional differences and time trends of cancer mortality in the GDR suggest the influence of environmental factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Inhibitory effect of magnesium hydroxide on methylazoxymethanol acetate-induced large bowel carcinogenesis in male F344 rats.

The effect of dietary magnesium hydroxide on colon carcinogenesis induced by methylazoxymethanol (MAM) acetate was examined in male F344 rats. MAM acetate was administered by i.p. injection to rats at 25 mg/kg body wt once per week for 3 weeks. Starting 2 weeks after the final MAM acetate exposure, the diet containing 500 or 1000 p.p.m. magnesium hydroxide was fed for 227 days. In the groups receiving magnesium hydroxide and MAM acetate, the incidence of colon neoplasms was decreased when compared with that in the group given MAM acetate alone. The inhibitory effect of dietary magnesium hydroxide on MAM acetate-induced colon carcinogenesis was greater at the lower dose than that at the higher dose of magnesium hydroxide in the diet. Neoplasms in other organs were rare and were not affected by the dietary magnesium hydroxide.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Polyps in the colon. Answers to key questions.

Adenomatous polyps in the adult colon and rectum are of great clinical importance because they can undergo malignant degeneration. Size and histologic type are useful in predicting the likelihood of malignancy. In most cases, biopsy is required to distinguish small adenomas (< 1 cm) from hyperplastic polyps, which do not undergo malignant degeneration. An adenomatous polyp found during proctosigmoidoscopy warrants total colonoscopy with polypectomy, because of the possibility of a synchronous adenoma or cancer. Periodic colonoscopic follow-up is advised, because of the high rate of recurrent ("metachronous") adenomas. The optimal screening technique for colorectal polyps and early cancer in the general population remains to be defined. The most commonly used program at present entails periodic fecal occult blood testing and flexible proctosigmoidoscopy. Diets high in fiber and low in fat may have protective effects against the development of colonic neoplasms.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2003

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the transverse colon presenting as dermatomyositis: case presentation and literature review.

Primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the transverse colon is a rare presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or colonic neoplasm. Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune condition of the skin, muscle, and blood vessels that when associated with malignancy is a true paraneoplastic syndrome but is rarely associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We present a case of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the transverse colon diagnosed after the presentation of dermatomyositis and review the literature on dermatomyositis and hematologic neoplasm.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Jejunal conduit urinary diversion.

The clinical course of 14 patients undergoing jejunal conduit urinary diversion between 1971 and 1985 is reviewed. Indications for use of jejunum rather than ileum or colon for diversion included radiation changes of the ileum, concurrent colonic neoplasms or injury, concerns about collateral blood supply of the colon and multiple adhesions. There were 2 operative deaths. Followup in the remaining 12 patients was 1 to 116 months (mean 34 months). All of the patients had satisfactory postoperative renal function. Eight patients (67 per cent) experienced a total of 13 complications. Only 3 patients (25 per cent) suffered the electrolyte imbalance characteristic of jejunal conduit syndrome, representing the only complication directly attributable to the use of jejunum. The jejunal conduit is a viable alternative form of urinary diversion in patients in whom the use of other intestinal segments is undesirable because of previous irradiation, surgery or concurrent disease processes. Although jejunal conduits carry an increased risk of electrolyte imbalance, the use of short jejunal loops and prophylactic oral electrolyte replacement therapy can minimize the occurrence of this complication.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Colorectal neoplasia in Asia: a multicenter colonoscopy survey in symptomatic patients.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of colorectal cancer is rising rapidly in some Asian countries. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and the distribution of colorectal neoplasm in Asian populations. DESIGN: A multicenter colonoscopy survey. PATIENTS: Between July 2004 and April 2005, consecutive symptomatic patients undergoing colonoscopic examinations in 10 different Asian countries. SETTING: The location and the histologic features of all colonic neoplasms were recorded. Advanced neoplasm was defined as adenoma larger than 10 mm in size, with >25% villous features or with high-grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The prevalence and the distribution of colorectal neoplasm and advanced neoplasm. RESULTS: A total of 5464 eligible patients underwent colonoscopy. Advanced neoplasm was found in 512 patients (9.4%). Factors associated with the presence of advanced neoplasm in this symptomatic Asian population included male sex (relative risk [RR] 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-1.84), older age (RR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06), and ethnicity (P = .001). Advanced proximal neoplasm was detected in 136 patients (2.5%); 83 (61.0%) of the patients had normal distal colon. The RR of proximal advanced neoplasm was 2.5, 95% CI 1.7-3.7 in those with any adenoma in the distal colon compared with those with normal distal colon. LIMITATIONS: Possible underrepresentation of some ethnic groups because of uneven ethnic group distribution and the lack of population-based registry. CONCLUSIONS: This was the first multicenter colonoscopy survey that examined the characteristics of colorectal neoplasm in Asia. The results will have important implications on the planning for future colorectal cancer screening in this region.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2004

[Tuberculosis and cancer. Experience of a general hospital].

Tuberculosis and cancer are two processes in relationship. The relation between both are studied. We analyzed retrospectively the culture-positive tuberculosis cases in from 1999 to 2002. We described the six cases with tuberculosis and cancer. One hundred and five cases of tuberculosis were observed, 6 cases (5.7%) had cancer. Four cases were pulmonary tuberculosis, one tuberculous pleurisy and other urinary tuberculosis urinary. The two cases with bronchogenic neoplasm had a diagnosis of tuberculosis at same time than cancer. The diagnosis of neoplasm was previous than tuberculosis in two cases (breast neoplasm and hypernephroma), and posterior in others two cases (breast and colon neoplasm). Half of theses patients died. In patients with neoplasm, the possibility of coexist tuberculosis is not depreciable, previous, concomitant or after the diagnosis of neoplasm.

Adult↗