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PubMed1995

[Carl Christian Wilhelm Juch (1772-1821). His biography and his scientific work].

This article introduces Carl Christian Wilhelm Juch, Pharmacist, Doctor and Chemist, who, now almost forgotten, was well known in his time for his numerous works and essays on Natural Science. Some new biographic findings are disclosed. Juch's work covers a series of writings on Natural Science, in which he put great emphasis on economic and technological themes. His translation of and commentary on the Pharmacopoea Borussica 1805 provided an important contribution to pharmacy. In 1801 Juch was appointed Professor of Medicine and Chemistry at the University of Altdorf. In his position as University Professor he went 1805 to the Munic Lyceum and in 1808 to the Augsburg Realinstitut in order to teach Chemistry, Natural History and Dietetics. In 1816/17 he retired due to poor health. Juch died in Augsburg in 1821 at the age of forty-eight.

Chemistry↗
PubMed1995

Nathan Zuntz (1847-1920)--a German pioneer in high altitude physiology and aviation medicine, Part I: Biography.

Nathan Zuntz (1847-1920) was a key person in the history of high altitude physiology and aviation medicine. As a professor of animal physiology at the Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule (Agricultural University) in Berlin from 1881 until 1918, he carried out laboratory studies on the changes in metabolism at rest and during exercise. To this end he, together with August Julius Geppert, developed the famous "Zuntz-Geppert'schen Respirationsapparat" (Zuntz-Geppert respiratory apparatus) in 1885. In the early 1890's, Zuntz extended his research to the field of high altitude physiology. In view of the variety of questions, and despite considerable methodological problems, Zuntz first studied the effects of lowered PO2 on the human body in a Pneumatischen Kammer (hypobaric chamber). In 1893 the newly completed Capanna Regina Margherita, an international research station at the top of Monte Rosa, Italy (4,500 m), became the site of Zuntz's extensive field studies, where he worked together with his close co-worker Adolf Loewy (1862-1936), the Italian Angelo Mosso (1846-1910), and the Austrian Arnold Durig (1872-1961). For their investigations Zuntz invented the transportable Gasuhr (a gas exchange measuring device). In 1902 Zuntz and the Austrian Hermann von Schroetter (1870-1928) made two balloon ascents up to 5,000 m in Berlin. A synopsis of these studies was published by Zuntz in 1906: his famous book "Höhenklima und Bergwanderungen" (High altitude climate and mountain-touring). A few years later Zuntz undertook further expeditions to the Canary Islands (Pico de Teide), conducting studies in airships and planes until 1914. Zuntz retired in 1916 and died in Berlin on March 22, 1920.

Aerospace Medicine↗