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PubMed1986

[Comparative study of the results of the detection of bacteriuria using the AUTOBAC apparatus and the classical method].

The comparative study of the results of detection of bacteriuria in 214 samples did not show an evidence of major discrepancies between the classical reference technique on solid media and the AUTOBAC technique on liquid media. The AUTOBAC provides a reliable and rapid test for bacteriuria which saves time and material for the laboratory. Although it has raised considerable interest, it should be used with caution in aplasic or immunodeficient patients in whom the classical criteria of urinary infection cannot be rigourously applied.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of microscopic examination for bacteriuria.

In order to find an easily available, simple, reliable and inexpensive method for demonstrating significant bacteriuria in routine urine examination, microscopic observation and bacteriological cultures have been made in parallel on total of 206 urine samples. Microscopic examinations of centrifuged deposit for both pus cells and bacteria were found to be more satisfactory in urine specimens with significant bacteriuria than the examinations for either of these elements alone. The criteria of more than five pus cells per high power field and organisms visible in methylene blue stain had sensitivity of 79% and a false positive rate of 13%.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1986

Gram-negative bacteriuria of pregnancy: rapid detection by a chromogenic Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay.

A chromogenic Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay, performed at room temperature, was evaluated for rapid detection (five minutes) of asymptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy. Development of a distinctive yellow color was used to detect urines containing greater than 10(5) gram-negative bacteria per milliliter. One thousand thirty-nine urine samples were obtained from 664 obstetric patients, with 86 of the specimens shown to contain greater than 10(5) gram-negative urinary tract pathogens. Of these, 74 of 86 were detected by chromogenic Limulus assay; 11 false-positive tests were recorded. At a urine dilution of 1:10, sensitivity and specificity were 88.7 and 98.7%, respectively. Predictive values, based on an attack rate of 10%, were 98.6% for a negative test and 89.9% for a positive test. These data suggest that chromogenic Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay of urine has potential usefulness as a rapid, reliable, and easily performed and interpreted screening test for asymptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1972

Screening for bacteriuria in children: comparison of two dip-tests.

Two dip-tests, Testuria and Uricult, were studied as screening tests for bacteriuria in children. Both tests showed a very good correlation with a standard method of urine culture.Testuria is easier to read and more accurate; however, it shows more "doubtful" results. Uricult presents the advantages of showing fewer "doubtful" results, and of differentiating between gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.The use of both tests should be limited to screening for bacteriuria. Certainly they are no substitute for accepted methods of urine culture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Use of a semiquantitative microscopic method for detecting bacteriuria.

We evaluated a microscopic examination for bacteriuria, performed by experienced observers and by 25 house officers who were less practiced in the technique. Simulated urine samples containing known concentrations of Escherichia coli with or without polymorphonuclear leukocytes were examined uncentrifuged in a wet mount with a methylene blue stain. The experienced observers were able to determine whether a sample contained greater or less than 10(5) organisms per milliliter with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. The house officers demonstrated a lessened discrimination, and leukocytes in the samples altered their decisions as to whether samples contained significant numbers of bacteria. Experienced observers can successfully use the microscopic examination as a rapid and inexpensive diagnostic tool to diagnose significant bacteriuria.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1983

Ineffectiveness of cephalexin in treatment of cephalexin-resistant bacteriuria in patients with chronic indwelling urethral catheters.

Catheterized patients not only are subject to risks of bacteriuria but the catheter also may act as reservoirs for nosocomial infections. Antibiotics that are concentrated in the urine, even those to which the organisms are nominally resistant, have been advocated as a means of treatment and infection control. During a randomized study of repetitive 10-day courses of cephalexin in chronically catheterized patients we observed the impact of such treatment upon susceptible, moderately resistant and highly resistant strains of bacteria. Cephalexin diminished the persistence of cephalexin-susceptible strains. However, its effect upon moderately resistant (inhibited by 200 micrograms per ml.) was not different than its effect upon highly resistant (not inhibited by 200 micrograms per ml.) strains. Indeed, the persistence of strains of moderately and highly resistant organisms during cephalexin courses was similar to that of such organisms during comparable periods in patients not receiving cephalexin. The administration of cephalexin to chronically catheterized patients with moderately or highly resistant organisms causing bacteriuria does not clear these organisms from the urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Bladder puncture in premature newborn infants with bacteriuria in the urine collected in bags].

A prospective study was made in a selected group of premature newborns who had presented bacteriuria in bag collected urine. Authors have analysed the real inside of urinary tract infection evidenced by suprapubic bladder aspiration in these children. These study includes the separation in two groups, with or without symptomatology, and therapy used in both cases. A high incidence of false bacteriurias was observed in bag collected urines, early in the asymptomatic group, where females were greater part. They have observed also a small correlation between clinic manifestations and urinocultive results and urinary sediment. The possible clinical, biological and bacteriological parameters were considered in order to see the better to suspect a urinary tract infection. Clinical symptomatology, and suprapubic bladder aspiration were the best to confirm it. Authors don't recommend neither aspiration nor urinocultive as routine techniques in prematures.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1984

Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria with Microstix.

The Microstix-3 test was evaluated for its reliability in screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria. When correlated with quantitative cultures this test was found to have high specificity but low sensitivity. Since several positive cases were missed, we conclude that this test is not reliable for use in screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1980

[Experiences with the Mikruvid methylene blue reduction test in the diagnosis of bacteriuria. A contribution to the trial of a screening procedure].

A bacteriuria tablet test based on methyl-blue reduction was examined for its reliability as screening method for the recognition of infections of the urinary tract. 860 urine specimens of male and female patients were investigated which had been got before the beginning of an antibiotic therapy. Apart from simple handling and little expenses the tablet test distinguishes itself by a sensitivity of 99.3% in infected urines with numbers of germs = 10(5) K/ml urine and 96% in the urine specimens infected by pathogenic germs abd a number of germs of 5 X 10(4)--10(5) K/ml urine, respectively. Contamination germs are in most cases suppressed by the tablet test. The specificity in our investigation material is about 97.2%. In a positive result of the reaction it is possible to send the specimens for the differentiation of germs and for the antibiogram directly to the nearest bacteriological laboratory. This test gives the possibility systematically to control endangered groups of persons in large quantity and to begin an aimed therapy in significant bacteriuria without any greater delay according to the findings of the antibiogram.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1980

[Specific immune response in asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy].

Specific antibodies against bacteria isolated from urine have been searched in the serum of pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria, utilizing passive hemagglutination, direct agglutination and indirect immunofluorescence methods. Of the 475 examined women 35 (7.3%) showed positive urine culture; 88.5% of these women had an elevated specific antibody titer in their serum. Our studies support the hypothesis that asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women might represent a signal of latent urinary tract infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Assessing the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy by means of the Dornfest method as a screening test].

In a study to assess the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, as determined by the Dornfest method of urine examination, results proved to be positive in 7% of patients. Of these patients 28% developed acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy. The Dornfest method can be used successfully as a screening test for asymptomatic bacteriuria at antenatal visits and the necessary treatment can be instituted, lowering the incidence of acute pyelonephritis, a condition which remains the most frequent cause for admission to hospital of a pregnant patient.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1980

The effect of education, marital status and sexual behaviour on the incidence of puerperal endometritis and bacteriuria.

During a one year study period, 5058 patients were delivered in the State Maternity Hospital of Helsinki. Caesarean section was performed on 774 patients (15.3%). The puerperal endometritis rate was 1.8% after vaginal delivery and 9.8% after Caesarean section. After vaginal delivery, the frequency of endometritis in unmarried women (3.9%) was more than twice as high as in married women (1.5%) (p less than 0.001). After Caesarean section, endometritis occurred in 20.7% of unmarried and in 8.9% of married women (p less than 0.001). Patients who had sexual intercourse during the last week of pregnancy had endometritis after vaginal delivery at a rate of 2.4% and in 20.0% after Caesarean section. In patients who had not sexual intercourse the percentages were 1.6 and 8.3 respectively. In vaginal deliveries the difference was small but in Caesarean sections statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Maternal education had no significant effect on the frequency of endometritis. Bacteriuria corresponding to greater than or equal to 10(5) bacteria/ml of urine was found in 179 patients (5.0%). The frequency of bacteriuria did not have a statistically significant correlation with the marital status of the patients, nor with their education or sexual behaviour during the last week of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Agents of clinically significant bacteriuria].

Bacterial composition of cultures isolated from 468 patients hospitalized at the urologic surgery department was analyzed to elucidate the etiologic structure of clinically significant bacteriurias. A total of 342 bacterial cultures were isolated. In 63.7% of cases monocultures were isolated, in 66.7% the isolated cultures were referred to Enterobacteriaceae and in 18.7% to Pseudomonas. The most significant agents of bacteriurias were Escherichia coli. Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The characteristics of bacteriuria in urological infections].

Bacteriological examination of the urine from 1138 elderly patients (50-80 years of age) with urogenital inflammation determined the predominant contamination of the urine with gram-negative opportunistic agents in titers 10(3)-10(7) CFU/ml. Bacteriuria arose due to primarily monocultures represented most commonly with E. coli and Ps. aeruginosa. Associated and two- three-component microflora comprised mainly S. epidermidis and S. faecalis. The degree of bacteriuria in elderly patients made up 10(5)-10(7) CFU/ml and 10(3)-10(7) CFU/ml in 69.6% and 30.4% of patients, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria.

One hundred twenty-seven episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria were reviewed retrospectively in two hospitals to establish the rate of occurrence, clinical importance, and associated predisposing factors. Staphylococcus aureus was an infrequent urinary isolate, and accounted for only about 1% of all positive urine cultures. Although almost all cases in a Veterans Hospital occurred in elderly men, episodes in a community hospital were observed in women and children as well. Patients usually had pyuria (71%) but only 39% had urinary symptoms of fever. Among predisposing factors, serious underlying diseases were uncommon, but urinary tract manipulations or abnormalities were present in nearly two thirds of patients. Fifty-five percent of cases were nosocomial, and 73% of these were associated with urinary catheterization or other invasive urinary tract procedures. Most patients (61%) were not treated for their bacteriuria, and there was a secondary bacteremia rate of 5.5% in the Veterans Hospital. Although infrequently encountered, the presence of S aureus in urine should be treated with at least as much concern as more frequently encountered bacteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

False 'hematuria' due to bacteriuria.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of bacteriuria on dipstick urinalysis for microhematuria. DESIGN: Selection of urine samples with dipstick readings of at least one plus (+) for blood, followed by microscopic examination and bacterial culture, from patients with signs and symptoms of urinary tract diseases. SETTING: A large teaching hospital in Melbourne, Australia. PATIENTS: Two hundred forty-six inpatients and outpatients being investigated for signs and symptoms of urinary tract diseases. RESULTS: Seventeen (7%) of 246 patients having within-reference erythrocyte counts had polymicrobic cultures. One hundred nine patients had slight hematuria (1 x 10(7) to 6 x 10(7) cells/L). Of these, 21 bacteriuric patients had significantly higher dipstick findings than 88 abacteriuric patients (P < .005, Fisher's Exact Probability Test, two-tailed). Hydroperoxidase was detected in 80% of isolates (in 27 of 27 gram-negative bacilli cultures, in 6 of 6 staphylococci cultures, and in 3 of 12 streptococci cultures) on agar medium and in 69% of isolates in urine. CONCLUSION: These results show that patients without hematuria but with bacteriuria may give a false-positive dipstick reading for blood.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1995

Socio-biological associations of bacteriuria in pregnancy.

The prevalence and socio-biological relations of bacteriuria in Trinidadian pregnant women were investigated. The prevalence of bacteriuria was found to be 16.7% and it was more common in the 30-39 year age group, among parous women, among Negroes, and in patients with a low family income and overcrowded living conditions. Symptoms were present in 19% of bacteriuric patients and almost one-third gave a past history of urinary tract infection. Only 10% had been previously exposed to sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea and herpetic genital infections. Because of the serious consequences to mother and foetus, we advocate quantitative urine cultures for all antenatal patients, especially those coming from disadvantaged socio-economic conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[P1 blood group, secretion status and susceptibility to asymptomatic bacteriuria in diabetes].

Blood-group antigens found on uroepithelial cells and in the secretions may affect bacterial adherence and thereby the predisposition to urinary tract infection. We determined P1, Lewis-blood-group phenotype and secretor status in patients with diabetes mellitus: 12 with asymptomatic bacteriuria and 7 without its presence. There was no difference between the two groups in the distribution of the P1 phenotype. There was also no statistical difference in the distribution of the Lewis phenotype and secretor status, although there appeared to be general trend of higher number of Le (a+b-) phenotype and non-secretors present in the asymptomatic bacteriuria group. Further studies are necessary to determine the role of blood groups and secretor status in the pathogenesis and susceptibility to urinary tract infection.

Adult↗