Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ARTIODACTYLA”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The resorption of biological and non-biological substrates by cultured avian and mammalian osteoclasts.

Mammalian and avian osteoclasts were isolated mechanically from long bones, seeded on to either untreated, unmineralized, anorganic or surface-demineralized mammalian dental tissues, and cultured for 1-6 h or up to 9 days in medium with added serum (10% heat-inactivated FCS). All substrates showed Howship's resorption lacunae which varied in detail with the composition and structural organization of the tissue. There was no species or substrate specificity. Osteoclasts also adhered, spread, migrated and resorbed in the absence of serum. In addition, osteoclasts resorbed avian egg shell and mollusc shell containing calcite and aragonite. When given the opportunity, osteoclasts are thus biochemically competent to resorb a much wider range of substrates than they usually do in vivo. Access to the substrate and attraction or deliverance of osteoclast precursors to it must be curtailing factors in in vivo resorption.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of insertion element IS1 in natural isolates of Escherichia coli.

Total DNAs from twelve natural isolates of Escherichia coli from animals and humans were examined by hybridization with a probe for IS1. Considerable variation in copy number was found. In the case of two strains isolated from the same individual, one strain contained no copies of IS1 and the other, much greater than 30. Evidence was also obtained for the existence of IS1-like elements (iso-IS1s) of greater than 15% sequence divergence relative to the IS1 from antibiotic resistance plasmid R100.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of Pasteurella haemolytica leukotoxin on neutrophils from white-tailed deer and several exotic ruminant species.

Pasteurella haemolytica leukotoxin is a pore-forming cytolysin which acts as a virulence factor in pasteurellosis of domestic ruminants. Leukocytes from cattle, sheep and goats are susceptible to leukotoxin-induced lysis; however, leukocytes from non-ruminant species so far tested are resistant to leukotoxin-induced lysis. Neutrophils obtained from three white-tailed deer, four Saiga antelope, an Addra gazelle, a Grant's gazelle and a Sable antelope were tested for susceptibility to the lytic effects of P. haemolytica leukotoxin using lactate dehydrogenase release. Results were compared to those obtained using neutrophils from a steer and cultured bovine lymphoma cells. Neutrophils obtained from all these ruminants, except the Addra gazelle, were susceptible to P. haemolytica leukotoxin. Individual variation among the Saiga and the deer did not appear to be due to the percentages of neutrophils or the percentage of contaminating erythrocytes in the cell preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Definition, distribution, and use of a conserved Bovidae retroposon element sequence motif.

Based on a data-base search, the sequences of 32 Bovidae retroposon elements have been compared. Two conserved areas are identified, and one of the corresponding sequences of the derived bovine consensus was used to design oligonucleotides as primer molecules for random DNA amplification of Bovidae DNA. Such a primer binding site should occur on average every 10,000 bp in the bovine genome, as suggested by a survey of published sequences. This estimate about the distribution of these possible primer binding sites was experimentally substantiated by mapping four of these primer binding sites within 40 kb of contiguous bovine DNA, carrying the heretofore undescribed bovine lactoferrin gene. Furthermore, these conserved, ubiquitous sequence motifs prove to be useful for mapping of bovine DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Porcine SINE-associated microsatellite markers: evidence for new artiodactyl SINEs.

Approximately 24% (170/710) of porcine (dG-dT)n.(dC-dA)n microsatellites isolated in our laboratory are associated with a previously described porcine Short Interdispersed Element (SINE) termed PRE-1 SINE. Another 5.6% (40/710) of the microsatellites were adjacent to two previously unidentified SINE sequences, which we have designated ARE-1P (Artiodactyl Repetitive Element-1 Porcine) and ARE-2P. The ARE repeats were also found in bovine microsatellite and genomic sequences in the GenBank database. Genotypic information was obtained from 68.9% of primers where at least one primer sequence was obtained from the PRE-1 SINE and 66.6% of primer pairs designed from the ARE SINEs. The use of primers derived from SINEs significantly increases the number of primer pairs available for genetic linkage studies in swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Vb6 T-cell receptor elements in artiodactyls: conservation and germline polymorphisms.

By use of primers specific for human T-cell receptor (Tcr) Vb6 gene elements, a typing system for Tcr Vb variability in several artiodactyl species has been established. The amplified polymorphic locus is homologous to the human Vb6 gene element. Like the human counterpart, the artiodactyl Vb6 element contains a polymorphic intronic simple (gt)n repeat stretch. Extensive length polymorphism of this simple repeat sequence in some artiodactyls should allow efficient association studies in a multiplex approach, especially including MHC class II genes. On the protein level the Vb regions display little variability in the inter-species comparison among artiodactyls. The amino acid substitutions are not concentrated in the putative complementarity determining regions, suggesting evolutionary conservation. In addition, the simple repetitive element has been preserved in the same genomic location for more than 7 x 10(7) years. Similar evolutionary persistence has already been demonstrated for a (gt)n(ga)m repeat stretch in the second intron of the MHC-DRB locus. The reasons for these parallel developments in evolution are so far not clear, but they may point to a biological meaning if not function of the intronic simple repeat element.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Strategies of adaptation of oxygen transport systems in mammals to life at high altitude].

Like many mammalian species, man responds to exposure to high altitude with an increasing hemoglobin concentration and a decreasing blood O2-affinity. The Lama vicugna of the Andes does not show this kind of adaptation to altitude. Even at high altitude its hematocrit is unusually low and its O2-affinity is the highest known among mammals. Additionally, it is characterized by a high capillary density of the muscles and a large relative heart weight. The consequences of these different strategies of altitude adaptation of the oxygen supply system and the capability for physical performance are discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1976

[Contribution to life-cycle of sarcosporidia in the Grant's gazelle].

We have been able to observ macro- and microscopically sarcosporidial cysts in the muscles of a Grant's Gazelle. Dogs and cats fed with these cysts shed oocysts and sporocysts in their feces, indicating that they both are the final hosts of the Sarcosporidia in Grants' Gazelle.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Methemoglobin reductase in three species of Bovidae.

Isoelectric focusing of red cell hemolysates revealed several isozymes that stain for NADH-methemoglobin reductase. Evidence for two different genetic loci controlling the banding patterns was obtained. One locus controlled a single band present in all animals tested. The second locus controlled ten different banding patterns that could be accounted for by four codominant alleles. Band B occurred in Bison bison. Bands A and C occurred in Bos indicus and band D occurred in both Bos indicus and Bos taurus. Bands A, C, and D were not observed in Bison bison and bands A, B, and C were not observed in Bos taurus.

Alleles↗
PubMed1978

Heterozygosity in Yellowstone Park elk, Cervus canadensis.

Protein products of 24 loci from the genomes of Yellowstone Park elk were analyzed by electrophoresis. Heterozygosity was detected in only one system, making elk much less polymorphic than eastern whitetailed deer. Data for several other large mammals are compared with those for elk and reveal similarly low levels of isozymic variation. The data are consistent with the fine-grained niche theory but difficult to reconcile with bottlenecks and genetic drift.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Gene diversity of bovid hemoglobins.

Forty-five adult hemoglobin molecular forms which include 22 electrophoretically silent forms were structurally characterized from animal species of nine genera belonging to family Bovidae. Of the 12 different bovid species studied, 11 showed either alpha or beta chain heterogeneity in their hemoglobins while eight species showed heterogeneity for both polypeptide chains. Wherever possible, the genetic basis for hemoglobin phenotypes has been suggested. By construction of a phylogenetic tree for 14 ungulate alpha-globin sequences, the evolutionary origins of duplicated alpha chain genes present in some ungulate species have been located, and the phyletic relationship of Bovids based on the alpha globin data is discussed.

Animals↗