Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ART”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spanish wines in the Liber de arte medendi (1564) by Cristóbal de Vega (1510-1573)].

OBJECTIVE: The Liber de arte medendi (Lyon, 1564) is the most relevant book of Prima Professor of The Faculty of Medicine of Universidad de Alcalá, doctor Cristóbal de Vega (1510-1573). It is a treatise--674 pages in folio--of theoretical and practical medicine. This doctrinal expose, scholar and bookisk, changes its tone in the second of the three parts, the liber II, that deals with "no natural things" of galenism, which necessarily affect the organism and that, depending on how they are used, they may strengthen or weaken its health: air, physical activity, foods and drinks, sleep, evacuations and passions of the soul. SCOPE: Within the section dedicated to foods and drinks, we have studied the interesting chapter about wines, where the author makes a hygienic assessment about wine. MATERIAL: The chapter on spanish wines consigned at the Liber de arte medendi and some other references about the therapeutic capabilities of some of the wines described by the author. INTERVENTIONS: He we undertaken a critical analysis of that chapter, glossing the most significant texts about spanish wines mentioned by the author. RESULTS: In this chapter vega praises the class and hygienic applications of white Alcarrian wines from Yepes, Lillo and Santorcaz, of the Galician from Rivadavia, from Cantalapiedra in the Salamanca region, and the Andalusians from Jerez, Cazalla and Alanís. He also extols the smooth reds from Santorcaz; though the best in this category would be, for the adaptation of its temperament to the human nature, the Illana wine. DISCUSSION: at Liber de arte medendi, wines from Cantalapiedra (Ded Castille), Rivadavia (Galicia), Jerez, Ca- zalla and Alanís (Andalusia), Santorcaz, Corpa, Yepes, San Martín de Valdeiglesias, Villalbilla, Illana and Lillo (New Castille) are mentioned.

History, 16th Century↗
PubMed2005

The ART of assisted reproductive technology.

BACKGROUND: One in six Australian couples of reproductive age experience difficulties in conceiving a child. Once a couple has been appropriately assessed, assisted reproductive technology (ART) techniques can be used to overcome problems with ovulation, tubal patency, male fertility or unexplained infertility. OBJECTIVE: This article discusses the range of ART techniques available to subfertile couples. DISCUSSION: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is now the most common form of ART used in Australia, being used in almost half of all fresh cycles, with in vitro fertilisation being used in approximately one-third of all fresh cycles.

Cryopreservation↗
PubMed2005

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) in the upstate: reducing the risks of multiple births.

Multiple pregnancies from ART procedures are all too common. Efforts to reduce high-order multiple pregnancies will require both social and medical reforms. In lieu of a legislative agenda to reduce multiple pregnancies in the United States, efforts must come from the personnel within the individual ART clinics. The approach to the problem includes accepting a lower pregnancy rate than otherwise might be obtainable, if the observed rate of high-order multiple pregnancies is above a certain threshold. Expanding the opportunities for ART reimbursement will ultimately address this problem in the United States, but until then, it is a problem that will not go away without commitment and resolve.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microscopic evaluation of the interface between glass-ionomer cements and tooth structures prepared using conventional instruments and the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) technique.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cavity preparation using hand instruments and conventional rotary instruments on the bonding of glass-ionomer cements to formerly carious teeth. METHOD AND MATERIALS: In 2 experimental groups (12 teeth each with primary caries) caries was removed and cavities prepared using hand instruments according to the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) technique or conventional rotary instruments. In the control group (12 caries-free teeth) Class 1 cavities were prepared using conventional instrumentation. Cavities in all teeth were restored with 1 of the commercial glass-ionomer cements designed for use with the ART technique, either Fuji IX (GC) or Ketac Molar (3M Espe). After 21 days of storage in physiologic saline at 37 degrees C, 3 400-microm-thick slices from each tooth were stained using the Mallory method and evaluated using a light transmitting microscope. RESULTS: In all samples, a region of interaction was observed between the cement and dentin and enamel. However, the interface in teeth from which caries had been removed was different from that in the control group. All were stained using Mallory staining, but only teeth which had been carious showed coloration. No differences were found in intensity of color or appearance between the cavity preparation techniques. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of caries in a tooth alters the bonding behavior of glass ionomers to that tooth. The method of caries removal (ART or conventional preparation) does not influence the quality of the interface between a glass ionomer and either dentin or enamel.

Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Picasso and the art of distortion and dislocation: the artist as researcher and experimentalist.

This paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, some general ideas about Picasso are set forth including: his association with multiple artistic innovations; his use of many different media; his notions of beauty and the relationship between art and nature; his ideas about the placement of body parts, symmetry, and color; and his relish in producing paintings with shock value. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between art and science and on Picasso's role as a researcher and experimentalist. In the second part, works of art during the cubist and postcubist years are discussed with emphasis on the development of simultaneity--the coexistence of different views of an object in the same picture. Topics included are: facial grafting; facial accommodation; multifacialism; profile insertion; snout formation, elevation, and rotation; concurrent faces; and more comprehensive simultaneity. In the third part, other influences on Picasso are presented including: the effects of action, motion, and activity; Surrealism and sexual symbolism; and Picasso's artistic treatment of women. In the fourth part, a comparison is made between Picasso's experiments and nature's experiments.

Facial Bones↗
PubMed1990

State-of-the-art materials used for maxillofacial prosthetic reconstruction.

The present state-of-the-art rests primarily on three general types of polymeric materials based on chemical configurations, that of polyacrylates, polydimethylsiloxane, and segmented block polyetherurethanes. Each of these types is currently prominent in a wide range of dental prosthodontics and surgical prosthetics with continued chemical variants emerging to attain enhanced biocompatibility for safety and effectiveness. However, owing to the disproportionally lower demand, the state-of-the-art for maxillofacial restorative prosthetics has not focused adequately on the specific array of the properties needed for the ideal prosthesis. To approach the ideality will require synthesizing new molecular configurations adjusted with component structures either as block copolymers or as intermediate oligomers. The synthetic effects must have a comprehensive plan of immediate assessments on terms of biocompatibility for safety to orofacial tissues and effective durability against all conceivable deterioration of the chemical structure. Above all, inasmuch as the skilled art and techniques of maxillofacial prosthetics is a custom-made specialty allied to the prosthodontics, the improved material for ideality should be readily amenable to molding by the well-established dental stone mold technology, for reasons of cost and simplicity.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1989

Unmet needs and unused skills: physicians' reflections on their liberal arts education.

Physicians who graduated from 1955 to 1982 from three liberal arts colleges in southeastern Pennsylvania were asked about the ways that their undergraduate education had prepared or failed to prepare them for careers in medicine and about changes that they would, in retrospect, have made in their courses of undergraduate study. For many, college had failed to meet their perceived need, as physicians, for skill in dealing with people, but had provided skills in the form of basic science knowledge and willingness to be different that exceeded the demands of their careers. They wished that in college they had taken more courses in the humanities--especially art, history, music, and English literature--and less chemistry, mathematics, physics, and biology. Would-be physicians should be encouraged to take full advantage of the humanizing opportunities of a liberal arts education with confidence that it will contribute to their future professional and personal lives.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1987

Threads of cultural nutrition: arts and humanities.

Cultural nutrition encompasses a wide sweep of food-related themes within three major categories: arts and humanities, social sciences, and biological-natural sciences. The paper, first of three, considers the arts and humanities. Topics include food and diet expressed through art, film, music, and dance. The essay then examines food and diet in representative works of literature, both ancient and modern. The place of food and diet within folklore, mythology, and religion is treated, with consideration of symbolic roles played by food throughout the human life cycle, especially with birth and infancy, coming-of-age, marriage, and death. Religion, a major theme in cultural nutrition, is explored and the food-dietary patterns of Jews, Christians, Moslems, Hindus, and Shintos are treated. Ethics and philosophy are examined as both relate to programs of international food relief and vegetarianism. The essay concludes with a review of work by historians, especially themes of famine and approaches taken to refeed populations during combat and hostilities.

Culture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Australian doctors and the visual arts. Part 6. Photography.

This is the final article in this series. In previous articles the contributions of doctors in Australia as painters, sculptors, writers on art and supporters of art galleries and artists have been discussed. Photography is very much a fine art form, and several outstanding doctor-photographers are discussed in this article.

Australia↗
PubMed1984

Beshada v. Johns-Manville Products Corp.: the function of state of the art evidence in strict products liability.

In Beshada v. Johns-Manville Products Corp., the Supreme Court of New Jersey held that a state of the art defense is unavailable in cases brought under a theory of strict liability for failure to warn. The court indicated that asbestos producers may be held liable for their products' harms even if the health hazards of asbestos were unknown and not discoverable when the products were marketed. In a subsequent case, the New Jersey court held that state of the art evidence is relevant to whether a product is defective. This Case Comment examines these different uses of knowledge evidence in the disposition of products liability cases. It contends that manufacturers should not be held liable for unknowable risks. The Comment concludes that the state of the art defense establishes a logical limit on strict liability and promotes efficient resolution of products liability claims.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1981

Effects of exceptionality status and art instruction on Goodenough--Harris standard IQs.

The effects of exceptionality, art instruction, and time elapsing between test administrations on Goodenough--Harris Drawing Test composite standard IQs was investigated. Twenty-four nonexceptional, 24 learning-disabled, and 24 EMR students participated. Half the students received 90 minutes of instruction (over 2 days) in drawing the human figure. The Goodenough--Harris Drawing Test was administered to all students the day after the final art lesson and 3 weeks after the first administration. Using a repeated measures analysis of variance, we found that exceptionality, art instruction, and time elapsing between test administrations affected composite standard IQs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

DC-ART: the concept.

The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have ratified a new classification of antirheumatic therapy comprising two major categories, as follows: (1) Symptom modifying antirheumatic drugs (SMARD) improve the symptoms and clinical features of inflammatory synovitis; (2) Disease controlling antirheumatic therapy (DC-ART) changes the course of rheumatoid arthritis. The DC-ART category, a new group and a new concept, poses a number of problems and challenges but also generates a basis for setting management objectives for rheumatoid arthritis. It is uncertain whether any of the current SMARD would fulfill the stringent DC-ART criteria.

Antirheumatic Agents↗
PubMed1994

DC-ART classification: review of relevant clinical studies.

The proposed disease controlling antirheumatic therapy (DC-ART) definition requires that the therapy change the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for at least 1 year, evidenced by (1) sustained improvement in physical function, (2) decreased inflammatory synovitis, and (3) slowing or prevention of structural joint damage. Selected studies are reviewed. All studies were at least 1 year in duration, but most did not include all 3 of the DC-ART requirements. In these studies, patients treated with placebo generally had no improvement in inflammatory synovitis and progressive structural joint damage, judged by serial joint radiographs. A minority of studies significantly favored one or another of the available agents (gold injections, D-penicillamine, auranofin, antimalarials, azathioprine, sulfasalazine, methotrexate), but the evidence for any one agent is not convincing. For future DC-ART clinical trials patients with early RA should be studied. A hybrid study design may be useful, combining an initial double blind randomized controlled clinical trial with continuing longterm observation of all withdrawals using specified clinical, radiographic, and self report assessments at regular intervals, and an intent-to-treat analysis comparing longterm response rates of the original control and experimental therapy groups. Responsive subgroups should be sought, their characteristics identified, and their responsiveness confirmed in additional trials limited to the identified subgroup.

Antirheumatic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Stimulation regimens in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) programme: experience in the University Hospital, Singapore.

Ovarian stimulation is critical to the success of patients in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) programmes. We compared two stimulation regimes retrospectively for ART in the NUH programme. These were the 2:1 and the GnRHa-FSH/hMG regimes. The former was our first-line regime while the latter was used for cycles where there was a prior endogenous LH surge, previous poor response, or an elevated LH level between days three to five of the cycle. All cycles in our ART programme in 1991 were studied, except those for special research procedures, e.g. micro-insemination sperm transfer (MIST) cycles, a total of 241 cycles. Cancellation rates were 14.4% (21 of 146 cycles) and 37.3% (19 of 51 cycles) for the 2:1 and GnRHa-FSH/hMG regimes respectively (p > 0.001). For the 2:1 regime, the majority of cancellations were due to ovulation prior to the oocyte recovery (42.9%; nine of 21 cycles). However, for the GnRHa-FSH/hMG regime, almost all the cancellations were due to poor response (84.2%; 16 of 19 cycles). Fertilisation rates were lower for the 2:1 regime (for both IVF-ER and IVF-TET, where sperm quality was poorer) compared to the GnRHa-FSH/hMG (55.0 and 66.6% respectively; p < 0.001). Pregnancy rates were higher for the 2:1 regime when IVF-ER and IVF-TET were used (16.4% and 23.3% respectively per oocyte recovery, versus 9.8% and 18.8% respectively for the GnRHa-FSH/hMG regime).

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1998

Performing arts medicine and the Internet.

The tremendous growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web over the last ten years has revolutionized communication in the United States. A great deal of information is available to assist in patient education and medical decision making. The field of performing arts medicine represents only a small portion of the web, but the relevant sites provide much helpful material. Bibliographic sites lead the researcher to further print resources. Many of the organizations concerned with performing arts medicine have web sites describing their history, goals, and services. Sites maintained by individuals, universities, and associations cover the field in general, as well as specific topics such as repetitive strain injuries, related computer and typing injuries, carpal tunnel syndrome, and hearing loss. Performing arts medicine is a highly interdisciplinary field and the collaborative nature of the Internet is well suited to this diverse, geographically dispersed population.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2002

Microscopy: an art?

There can be no doubt that the finest creator of beauty is Mother Nature. And in many ways, science is the exploration of this beauty and of the mechanisms that have created it. Microscopy, as a technique in scientific investigation, has had a key role in uncovering nature's beauty, which has led some to propose that microscopy could be described as an art or even an art form. But is this claim justified?

Anatomy, Artistic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The art of Leonardo Da Vinci as a resource to science and the ideal of nursing care].

Theoretical reflection whose goal is to demonstrate the art a nursing team is required to show in order to perform a technical procedure for transfer of solutions from a normal vial to a microdrops vial, based on Leonardo Da Vinci's theoretical referential, inspired by his work called "Vitruvian Man", so that body harmony is kept. The authors emphasize its relationship to nursing care, viewing it from its broadest sense, and its own motto--"Science, Art and Ideal".

Art↗