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PubMed1983

[Enzymatic reaction of the follicular cell population in the human appendix].

Histochemical techniques were employed to determine acid phosphatase and alpha-naphthylesterase activities in follicular cells from the mucosa of surgically removed human appendixes. These very reactive cells are found in two areas: in the middle of the light centre and in the surroundings of this centre. The former are globose, arranged with a certain degree of order, and have a reticular anchorage that does not appear to be particularly affected by the physiological and pathological events that occur in the appendix, whereas those of the border vary in number or may even be absent. They have an elongated shape and are also anchored in a reticulum that in this case is more consistent. The result is that in certain forms of appendiceal disease the pale centre of the follicle is closed in a kind of shell formed of very reactive cells. The identification and significance of these two groups of cells of the light centre are discussed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Sarcoidosis with involvement of the appendix.

Sarcoidosis with involvement of the vermiform appendix is a rare clinical occurrence. We describe a young woman with sarcoidosis whose initial manifestations suggested acute appendicitis. Histologic examination of the appendix showed noncaseating epithelioid granulomas without acute inflammatory changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The rabbit's appendix: an immunological model applied to the study of epithelial immunity (author's transl)].

The rabbit's appendix is a pecular lympho-epithelial formation as it includes both areas of thymus-dependent lymphocytes (the interpolated sieved lamina) and non-thymus-dependent lymph nodes. The epithelium joining the intestine lumen and the lymphatic tissue contains cells that become permeable at the contact of lymphocytes. These "tranformed" enterocytes are crossed by antigenic molecules, bacteria, yeasts and evolutive forms of coccidia. Lymphocytes within--as well as reticular cells below the epithelium--catch large molecules, especially antigens, thus having a share in humoral immunity. Just as those of the intestine, the enterocytes of the appendix glandular area are informed at the level of the areas of epithelial mitosis and become resistant to certain infections such as coccidosis. This particular form of immunity we have named "epithelial immunity". Thick sections provide ultrastructural views physically showing information exchanges. Intercellular exchange by contiguous endoplasmic reticular canaliculi at the interface of two cells have thus been demonstrated. They have been as clearly observed between two epithelial cells at between two cells of connective origin and again between an epiethelial cell and a lymphocyte.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Obstruction of appendix vermiformis causing acute appendicitis. An experimental study in the rabbit.

In an experimental model using the rabbit, the role of obstruction in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis was studied. Twenty-one animals were anaesthesized and underwent laparotomy. The appendices were obstructed by a balloon catheter introduced via a caecostomy. Pressures inside the obstructed appendices were measured by a balloon at the tip of the catheter. The abdominal cavity was closed, anaesthesia was continued, and pressure were registered regularly up to 12 hours afterwards in those animals which remained alive during this period. The animals were then sacrificed, and at autopsy evidence of obstruction, distention and inflammatory changes, both gross and microscopic, was registered. In a total of 15 rabbits, experimental obstruction of the appendix resulted in inflammatory changes in the wall of the appendix, which histologically in all respects were similar to appendicitis in man. In the remaining 6 rabbits, either spontaneous release of obstruction or death early during the experiment occurred. Our experimental data suggest that obstruction is an important agent in the causation of acute appendicitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Surgical diseases of the veriform appendix].

Various diseases can symptomatically resemble appendicitis. It has been proved that luminal obstruction is the most frequent cause of inflammation of the appendix. There are various causes of obstruction, such as scars, foreign bodies, tumors, granulomas, and dysfunction of coecocolon. Every appendix should therefore be histologically examined. The operative indication for appendectomy should not only include the time factor, but also anamnesis, complaints, and clinical presentation. It is inconsiderate to perform appendectomy as a prophylaxis against appendicitis. Finally, it is surprising that there have been almost no experimental studies on pathogenesis of appendicitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Benign lymphoid polyp (localized lymphoid hyperplasia) at the tip of the cecum associated with lymphoid hyperplasia of the appendix.

A case of benign lymphoid polyp (localized lymphoid hyperplasia) manifesting as a sessile polypoid lesion in the tip of the cecum is described. Solitary lymphoid polyps are extremely rare in the proximal part of the large bowel. The polyp was located at the base of the appendix, and microscopically both the polypoid lesion and the appendix revealed lymphoid hyperplasia.

Appendix↗
PubMed1980

[Primary intussuception of appendix (author's transl)].

A 2 years old female presents abdominal pain and rectal bleeding roentgenological and endoscopic investigations lead to the diagnosis of intussusception of the appendix. Surgically resected, the clinical course was uneventful and the patient promptly discharged. Primary intussusception of the appendix is a rare event (less than 200 cases recorded since 1858). The particularity of it, according the age of the patient, the clinical symptoms, and the endoscopic diagnosis are emphasized.

Appendix↗
PubMed1995

[The vermiform appendix and its use in urology].

There are presented new possibilities of using the appendix vermiformis in urology: Mitrofanoff's procedure (continent appendicovesicostomy), continent appendix stoma performed with the MAINZ pouch technique and continent appendicocolostomy. There was operated on 12 pts. for the neuropathic bladder using the Mitrofanoff's procedure. An ischemic occlusion of the appendicostomy was found out postoperatively in one case. All pts. but one practise clean intermittent catheterization through the appendicostomy (four to six times a day) and eight of them (67%) are continent by day and night.

Appendix↗
PubMed1994

[Perityphlitic abscess after perforated appendicitis with carcinoid of the appendix].

Appendix carcinoid in children is a rare condition which is found by accident at the histological examination of the appendix. We report on a rare case in which a covered perforation of a diverticulum had occurred. First of all the patient was treated conservatively with antibiotics and 2 months later the appendectomy à froid was performed. The annual follow-up of these patients is certainly indicated.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1994

[Mucocele of the appendix as a rare differential diagnosis of adnexa tumor].

It will be reported of a 68 year old woman, who underwent a laparotomy because of a tumor of the right ovary, which was ultrasonographically suspicious of being malign. During the operation, it was diagnosed as a mucocele of the appendix. It will be discussed, whether ultrasound is able to differentiate tumors of the lower right abdomen. Mechanisms of development and clinical signs of the mucocele of the appendix will also be described.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Agenesis of the appendix--case report.

Agenesis of the appendix is an exceedingly rare abnormality. When it does occur it may represent part of a more generalized ileocaeco-appendicular abnormality or it may occur as a localized event. A case is presented of a 23 year old lady with features of acute appendicitis in whom exploration revealed absence of the appendix and ileo-caecal lymphadenitis. The diagnosis should not be made without thorough exploration including full mobilization of the caecal area. Pre-operative diagnosis is only possible with laparoscopy.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1994

[Free appendix mucosa urethroplasty. A preliminary experimental study of free grafts of digestive tract mucosa].

The various tissues used as free grafts in urethroplasties are associated with a high incidence of fistulae and strictures. The search for a new, more effective substitute has led the authors to study the possibility of using a new type of mucosa: appendicular mucosa. The size and cylindrical structure of the appendix and its easy resection make it an original and adapted urethral substitute. As most animals do not possess an appendix, an animal model of subcutaneous free graft of colonic mucosa was studied. Segmental transverse colonectomy was performed in 16 rats. The mucosa was stripped and then grafted subcutaneously. Three to six weeks after the operation, this mucosa was still perfectly viable in 11 rats. Its fixation ensures a better take of the graft. Histological examination revealed that the epithelium retained the features of gastrointestinal mucosa: monostratified, pavement and secretory. The results of this preliminary study are very encouraging and justify continuation of experimental studies of free appendicular mucosal urethroplasties. A practical application is expected in the correction of severe hypospadias or extensive urethral strictures.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Blood vascular organization of the walls of vermiform appendix from human fetus. Examination of vascular corrosion casts in SEM.

Ten human vermiform appendices obtained from fetal corpses (160.0-240.0 mm of CRL) were examined using injection-micro corrosion method. Blood vascular bed reproduced with this method was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Blood vascular bed structure of foetal appendix has been described, simultaneously with produced by them plexuses and organisation of microcirculation in a wall of the appendix. Collected results have been compared with data of other authors who conducted similar research on adult human appendices and appendices of several animal species.

Appendix↗
PubMed1993

[Mainz pouch urinary diversion with appendix stoma].

The modified Mainz pouch urinary diversion was performed on 5 patients with bladder cancer using the submucosally embedded in situ appendix as a continence mechanism. It proved to be successful on 4 patients showing the complete urinary continence without difficulty in self catheterization. One patient became incontinent and a balloon catheter was retained. Advantages of the appendix stoma in the Mainz pouch are the reduction of the ileal segment to be isolated for creation of the pouch, relative simplicity of the operative technique, and the avoidance of use of foreign bodies such as metal staples or Marlex meshes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Adenocarcinoma of the vermiform appendix].

Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix vermiformis is very rare. We report on a patient who died with the age of 75 years. On the occasion of an inguinal herniotomia scrotal mucinous metastases were discovered. After appendectomy the diagnosis of primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix vermiformis was ensured. The further course was very unusual. Even though metastases were spread all over the abdominal cavity, the patient survived for further 13 years without therapy. At the postmortem examination there was found a widespread carcinosis of peritoneum and pleura as well as several liver metastases.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1977

[Focal mucosal hyperplasia of the appendix (author's transl)].

On a 20-year-old male patient and on a 67-year-old female patient, we incidentally detected as histologicbioptic findings after routine appendectomy a focal mucosal hyperplasia of the appendix. Basing on these cases we give a survey on the literature pertaining to these rate cases of mucosal alterations of the appendix published up to now, and discuss the problems of these mucosal hyperplasias.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Mucocele of the appendix: value of excision by celioscopy].

A mucocele of the appendix was complicated by appendicular volvulus. The CT-scan findings suggested the diagnosis which was confirmed at laparoscopy. This case illustrates the contribution of laparoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of mucoceles of the appendix.

Adult↗