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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Effects of carbon dioxide inhalation prior to maximal exercise on blood lactate and physical performance].

In order to examine the effect of acute respiratory acidosis induced by CO2 inhalation prior to maximal exercise on blood lactate and physical performance, double determinations were carried out for each subject on separate days; one day, after CO2 inhalation and other day, after inhalation of room air. It was observed that in the untrained subjects the CO2 inhalation prior to maximal treadmill exercise does not affect endurance time and maximum aerobic power, whereas blood lactate during recovery was lower in CO2 breathing than that in room air. In addition, no significant difference of 200m sprint time in the athletes was noticed between CO2 and room air while blood lactate after 200m sprint running was significantly lower in the CO2 than that in room air. From these results, it was suggested that the effect of CO2 inhalation prior to maximal exercise as applied here appeared to be mediate through metabolic rather than oxygen transport mechanism, but not related to physical performance.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1981

Respiratory failure precipitated by high carbohydrate loads.

Acute respiratory failure developed in three patients needing ventilatory support within hours after total parenteral nutrition was started. We postulate that the high carbohydrate load provided in the parenteral solution resulted in the use of glucose as the primary energy source, with the development of substantial increases in the carbon dioxide production and the respiratory quotient. Because these patients had a relatively fixed ventilatory response, hypercapnia ensued. Excessive carbohydrate loading may precipitate respiratory acidosis in patients unable to adequately improve their alveolar ventilation when compensating for increased carbon dioxide production.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of isoflurane and sevoflurane for anesthesia in beaver.

We compared the hemodynamic and respiratory effects, recovery time, and cost of two gas inhalants (isoflurane and sevoflurane) for anesthetic induction and maintenance of beaver (Castor canadensis) during surgery to implant radio transmitters in the peritoneal cavity. Heart rate, respiratory rate, relative hemoglobin saturation with oxygen (SpO2), and body temperature were measured every 5 min for the first 45 min, and arterial blood gas was measured once, 25 min into the anesthetic procedure. Induction for either agent was smooth and rapid. Heart rate and respiratory rate both decreased during the procedure though neither was lower than baseline values reported in the literature for beaver. Relative hemoglobin saturation with oxygen, body temperature, and blood gas variables did not differ between each anesthetic regime. Both inhalants caused slight respiratory acidosis. Recovery time from anesthesia was highly variable (1-178 min) but did not differ statistically between drugs. Sevoflurane costs ($22.30/60 min) were much higher than isoflurane costs ($3.50/60 min). We recommend isoflurane or sevoflurane for anesthetic induction and maintenance of beaver because of the lack of physiologic differences.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1976

[Oxygen therapy in pneumology].

Circumstances under which the use of oxygen-therapy in lung disease can be effective and harmless, depend upon a careful evaluation of its indications: they are suggested by the clinical need of correction of hypoxaemia as well as by the awareness of factors determining respiratory failure and of problems concerning O(2) transport and supply to tissues in health and disease. Blood gases monitoring enables to control the effects of treatment on arterial O2 and CO2 tensions thus giving all the useful data for oxygen administering particularly as far as components of hyperoxygenated mixtures, flow rate, duration, use of very effective low-risk devices (Venturi masks) are concerned. Correction of hypoxaemia involves the reduction of hypertension of the pulmonary circulation and hyperglobulia, improvement of tolerance of exertion, and attention to the metabolic compensation of respiratory acidosis. These results are influenced by the nature of the pathogenetic factors behind broncho-obstructive disease, which may lead to either a primarily "bronchitis" or a primarily "emphysematous" syndrome. An interesting feature relates to prognosis in the case of patients making home use of hyperoxygenated mixtures as part of a rehabilitation program, or to improve their quality of life. The cost and benifits of such treatment should be carefully weighed. Lastly, in the event of protracted treatment, attention must be paid to the possibility of toxicity and the means to be adopted for its prevention.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1976

[Gas exchange and acid-base equilibrium in chronic bronchitis and in emphysema].

Blood gas data for HbO2% and PaCO2 and determination of acid-base balance enable the biochemical features of bronchial obstruction to be related to primarily "intrinsic" or "extrinsic" factors. Long-term gas studies and ventilation mechanics data (lung elastic recoil pressure, maximum expiratory flow at different volumes and the corresponding recoil pressures) are also of assistance in this respect. Each type of bronchial obstruction thus has its own peculiarities, and these are also reflected in the level of metabolic compensation for respiratory acidosis.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed2000

Paediatric one lung anaesthesia by selective bronchial intubation.

One lung anaesthesia in paediatric patients may not always be achievable by bronchial blockade or double lumen tube intubation due to inadequate experiences or facilities. We attempted to isolate right lung by selectively intubating the left bronchus with single lumen tube on a 10 kg child. Optimal surgical condition and satisfactory oxygenation achieved but complicated with severe respiratory acidosis. The possible causes for hypercapnea in this child were discussed.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical analysis of syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) induced acute respiratory failure].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of syndrome of OSA induced acute respiratory failure that might allow earlier recognition and treatment in critical care. METHOD: The clinical and laboratory characteristics of 9 patients were reviewed. RESULT: 9 patients (8 female, 1 male) presented with obesity and mental disturbance, with a BMI being 44.97 kg/m2, (45.25 kg/m2 in the female). The mean age of the group was 67.89 years (61-74 y). All had respiratory acidosis (mean pH 7.1732), hypercapnia (mean PaCO2 12.56 kPa) (8.53-19.09 kPa), and hypoxemia (mean PaO2 5.20 kPa) (3.87-5.87 kPa). During period of clinical stability all but 2 had awake hypercapnia (mean PaCO2 6.23 kPa) (5.10-7.29 kPa). Four of the 9 patients had pulmonary function test showing FEV1% > 70%. CONCLUSION: OSAS induced acute respiratroy failure has a sudden onset and various presentation and can be reversed with early and proper treatment. The severity of abnormal pulmonary function was less than what would be expected to cause respiratroy failure.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1975

[Respiratory insufficiency in acute lung diseases].

The diagnosis of respiratory failure is based on pathological findings in arterial blood gas analysis. Thus, even in emergent cases with acute pulmonary disorders, rapid differentiation of the amount and nature of the respiratory impairment is possible. Furthermore, evaluation of the blood gas analysis may be an essential factor in the choice of therapeutic procedures. Hypoxia should be treated by strictly controlled oxygen administration, to avoid further respiratory depressant effects. Patients with acute and progressive respiratory acidosis usually need artificial ventilation by volume- or pressure-cycled respirator. Some important modifications of ventilation are recommended with a view to improving pulmonary gas exchange and decreasing the incidence of complications, especially during the long-term treatment with respirators.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1978

[Necessity to control endexpiratory CO2-concentration during laparoscopic sterilisation under general anaesthesia with controlled ventilation (author's transl)].

During laparoscopy and intraabdominal insufflation of CO2 cardio-respiratory accidents following increased PaCO2 are possible. The continuous measurement of endexpiratory CO2-concentration by infrared absorption spectrometry is a simple method for controlling the level of ventilation. Respiratory acidosis under controlled artificial ventilation during laparoscopy can thus be avoided.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed2005

[Perioperative management of a neonate with a retroperitoneal giant teratoma who underwent its extirpation under general anesthesia: a case report].

We gave anesthesia to a neonate with a retroperitoneal giant teratoma who underwent its extirpation. Even if patients have a prenatal diagnosis of teratoma like this case, there are many patients, especially infants, with severe general condition. We report the difficulty for management during anesthesia because of severe respiratory acidosis due to pressure from diaphragmatic pleura by tumor, severe circulatory disorder due to massive bleeding during operation and severe hyperkalemia due to renal failure.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1985

Problems before, during and after mechanical ventilation in chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Recent work has shown considerable advance in the potential for treatment of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory failure, and the "blue and bloated" pattern of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. New guidelines for controlled oxygen therapy have been developed, which appear to enable the dangers of hypoxaemia and respiratory acidosis in an acute exacerbation to be reduced. New modalities of therapy, long-term oxygen treatment. Almitrine, and beta 2-agonists, hold promise of prolonging the survival of useful life in these severely afflicted patients.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1985

[Acid-base homeostasis in anesthesiology and operative intensive care medicine. Physiology, pathophysiology and clinical aspects of acidoses].

Basic and clinical aspects of acid-base physiology and acidoses are reviewed in this paper. Therapeutic principles on the treatment of metabolic and respiratory acidosis are discussed in detail. As far as buffer substances are necessary for antiacidotic therapy, sodium bicarbonate seems to be the agent of choice today. Sodium bicarbonate has a better extra- and intracellular effect than THAM, and should therefore be preferred in every day practice.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1987

Pain relief after major abdominal surgery: a double-blind controlled comparison of sublingual buprenorphine, intramuscular buprenorphine, and intramuscular meperidine.

In a double-blind randomized study of three groups of 18 patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery the efficacy and side effects of sublingual buprenorphine were tested and compared to intramuscular meperidine and buprenorphine. Single doses of either 75 mg of meperidine, 0.4 mg of sublingual buprenorphine, or 0.3 mg of intramuscular buprenorphine were used. Patients given buprenorphine as sublingual tablets were significantly more conscious in the immediate postoperative period (Glasgow Coma Scale) than when given buprenorphine or meperidine intramuscularly. Median pain intensity differences (PID) showed equal pain relief, whereas the summarized pain intensity differences (SPID) were significantly higher in the intramuscular buprenorphine group compared to the meperidine group. Three cases of respiratory acidosis in the meperidine group required IPPV treatment, and one case in the intramuscular buprenorphine group required treatment. Sedation and nausea were the most common side effects in all three groups. We conclude that sublingual buprenorphine is useful for relief of postoperative pain and exhibited administrative advantages, when the patients were able to cooperate.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

Correlation between digoxin plasma levels and arterial blood pH.

The correlation between arterial blood pH and digoxin plasma levels was studied after digoxin (Eudigox) administration a) in a single p.o. dose, b) in a steady state p.o. regimen, or c) i.v. The clinical trial was carried out on 26 male hospitalized patients selected and divided into groups according to their arterial blood pH values, which ranged between 7.20 and 7.53. Arterial blood pH proved to be directly correlated with digoxin plasma levels and with the corresponding AUC and inversely with the total plasma clearance of the drug. The data may explain the strongly reduced activity shown by digoxin in patients suffering from respiratory acidosis in clinical practice.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1979

[Chemical hazards connected with electrochemical machining. I. Toxicity of nitric oxides and chlorine lesions in rats' parenchymatous organs].

In rats exposed for 12 weeks to the mixture of nitric oxides (0.34--2.81 mg/m3) and chlorine (0.61--1.50 mg/m3) the following changes were found: increased methemoglobin concentration (MetHb), increased partial pressure, increased total carbon dioxide concentration (pCO2 TCO2), increased current dicarbonate concentration (AB), and increased buffer bases (BB). In addition, asparagine transferase activity (aspAT), alanine aminotransferase (A1AT), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and hepatic isoenzyme of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH5) in serum were found to be increased. Histopathological examination revealed: inflammatory lesions and edema of pulmonary parenchyma, alveolar emphysema and edema of connective tissue of palpetra derm with mastocytes. Chronic exposure to low concentrations of nitric oxides and chlorine induces, apart from local lesions in conjunctivae, pulmonary lesions leading to respiratory acidosis compensated by metabolic alkalosis, or liberation of indicatory enzymes through impaired cells.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1978

[Advantages of blood gas analyses of an improved ventilation bronchoscope (author's transl)].

During bronchoscopy in elder patients the development of respiratory acidosis is a hazard. A new and improved ventilation bronchoscope decreases the risk, which was demonstrated by blood gas analyses. This bronchoscope differs from those normally used in the following ways: 1. An inflatable cuff on the outer tube seals the bronchoscope like a breathing tube against the trachea. 2. This bronchoscope, although in the endobronchial position, improves the ventilation of the contraleateral lung aided by wider side holes lying above the bifurcation. 3. Jet-ventilation can be employed.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗
PubMed1978

Acid-base disturbances in the salicylate-intoxicated adult.

This study examined the acid-base disturbances in 67 adults with salicylate intoxication. On admission, 66 patients had an acid-base distrubance. In contract to previous suggestions, however, only 25% of the patients had simple respiratory alkalosis. Unlike salicylate intoxication in children, 33% of these adults with salicylate intoxication had ingested additional drugs. These additional drugs generally were CNS depressants and were important determinants of the variety of the acid-base disturbance. Those patients who ingested additional drugs had a significantly lower incidence of respiratory alkalosis (P less than .005) and a higher incidence of respiratory acidosis (P less than .005) and acidemia (P less than 0.25). The incidence of acidemia correlated with the presence of neurological symptoms.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗
PubMed1981

[Mechanical ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory insufficiency in asthma].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of mechanical ventilation in life-threatening status asthmaticus. 16 patients were treated for a total of 22 episodes of acute respiratory acidosis, with coma in 11 cases. Controlled mechanical ventilation was maintained from 10 to 196 hours and involved only minor complications without sequelae. All patients survived. These favourable results are attributed to a new strategy: the aim of mechanical ventilation is to relieve hypoxemia with hyperoxic mixtures without seeking rapid correction of hypercapnia, which is obtained later when bronchial desobstruction provides better conditions of VA/Q distribution. This allows low tidal volumes and low frequency, avoids high airway pressures and so decreases the danger of barotrauma and cardio-circulatory complications.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗