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PubMed1993

Career guidance during nurse training: findings from an exploratory study.

This research into the career guidance experiences of nurses during their training was undertaken as an exploratory study upon which a series of larger studies will subsequently be based. Additionally, it contributed to a national cohort study of the careers of newly qualified registered general nurses. One hundred and twelve nurses were involved in the development and testing of questions for a postal questionnaire to be used in the cohort study of careers. Some problems encountered when investigating career guidance by questionnaire are described, in the light of which a revised research design is proposed and the career guidance experiences of 31 nurses presented. Twenty-one aspects of guidance were investigated, covering information and advice about applying for first post, post-basic courses and longer-term plans.

Career Choice↗
PubMed2001

Impact of mentor guidance in surgical career selection.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to survey graduates of a university general surgical residency training program to determine factors that influenced their selection of a specialty field. METHODS: A 39-item questionnaire was mailed to 86 graduates of a university general surgery program who matriculated from 1975 to 1989. The impact of lifestyle, technology, clinical opportunity, and mentor guidance in the residents' selection of a specialty field and eventual clinical practice was assessed. Results were analyzed using Fisher's Exact test with significance determined at P less than.05. RESULTS: The response rate was 65% (56 of 86). Eighty percent of respondents identified the most important aspect influencing their choice of specialty was interest in that field; additional factors included perception of prestige, presence of clinical opportunity, mentor influence, and family priorities. Sixty-six percent of respondents chose the same career as their mentor, attributing this to the mentor's skill (n = 36, 68%), achievements (n = 35, 66%), and verbal recommendations about their specialty field (n = 24, 45%), p < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical residents use many criteria in selecting a field of specialty with mentor guidance an important component. Knowledge of these influential areas should help training programs offer appropriate career guidance. J Pediatr Surg 36:1802-1804.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Planning a career as a children's nurse: the availability of career guidance during the nurse diploma course.

The recruitment and retention of registered children's nurses is paramount to the implementation of the national service framework for children's services. In recent years there have been increased career opportunities for children's nurses and a diversity of career pathways. Career guidance has a potential contribution to make to the effective management of nurses' careers. This article presents findings on child health diplomates' experiences of career guidance during the nurse diploma course. Findings indicate a substantial unmet demand for career guidance. The implications of the findings for child health nurses' careers are discussed and considered in relation to two key questions: should efforts be directed towards ensuring greater provision of career guidance, and if so, by whom?

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1977

[Long-term treatment with anticonvulsants in childhood. Guidelines for the practice].

Long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs is based on a differentiated diagnosis. Medication appropriate for a special type of seizures has to be chosen. Treatment must be controlled carefully to avoid side effects. Total blood count, urinalysis and determination of enzymes (alkaline phosphatase etc.) are necessary in regular intervals. Essential in treatment is the psychological guidance of the patient and his parents to handle various problems which arise during development. The treatment is terminated carefully after years when the seizures are controlled and the EEG has been normalized.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

'I don't want to be a psychiatric nurse': an exploration of factors inhibiting recruitment to psychiatric nursing in Ireland.

Ireland has experienced a decline in recruitment to preregistration psychiatric nursing programmes (An Bord Altranais 1999). Social care workers often do similar psychosocial work with similar client groups served by psychiatric nurses. In marked contrast to psychiatric nursing, Irish social care diplomate and degree programmes are generally over subscribed. Yet graduates working in social care often experience inferiority in terms of pay, conditions and career structure compared to their psychiatric nursing counterparts (McElwee 1998). The question that therefore needs to be asked is why school leavers opt for such courses in preference to psychiatric nursing. This article describes the results of a pilot study, utilizing a focus group approach, to examine reasons for course and career choice among school leavers, psychiatric nursing students and social care students. Results indicate that school students rely on stereotypical views as part of their decisionmaking process in shaping occupational decisions. School students tend to conceptualize psychiatric nursing as being a job involving menial and physical tasks. Social care students saw psychiatric nursing as lacking autonomy and to be institutional in nature. Psychiatric nursing students themselves felt exploited and 'second class' compared to general nurses. Current recruitment campaigns and careers guidance within schools need to be more targeted on differentiating psychiatric nursing from its general nursing counterpart.

Career Choice↗
PubMed2005

What do high school guidance counselors really think of nursing?

With the increasing nursing shortage, it is imperative that nursing programs attract and retain students who will be successful in becoming competent, caring practitioners. High school guidance counselors can influence the career choices of students. To do so, these professionals must have an accurate understanding of the attributes that will facilitate a career in nursing, as well as the changing roles of nurses. This study determined the current perceptions of high school guidance counselors regarding nursing. Overall, guidance counselors had realistic perceptions of nursing and identified personal and cognitive attributes of students that would promote success in nursing. However, nurses involved in the recruitment of students need to ensure that guidance counselors have more accurate perceptions of the changing role of nurses, opportunities for practice outside hospital settings, and the importance of problem-solving abilities and leadership skills for nurses.

Attitude↗
PubMed2002

Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability of the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory among guidance teachers in Hong Kong.

In 1995 Chan and Hui examined the responses of a sample of Chinese teachers on the Maslach Burnout Inventory and recommended a possible 2-factor rather than the original 3-factor model for the assessment of burnout among Chinese teachers. In the present study, the factor structure of responses to the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory in a sample of 1,398 Chinese secondary school guidance teachers was examined using the EQS approach to confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that a 3-factor model (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment) provided the best fit, with the first two factors highly correlated (r = .80). Internal consistencies for the subscales ranged from .80 to .88.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of career advisors for general practice--a qualitative study of UK GPs.

BACKGROUND: Career support needs of general practitioners are poorly described in the literature. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews of 26 practising GPs from two United Kingdom counties. RESULTS: General practitioners believed they would benefit from the provision of career advice and guidance provided by trained peers. They were looking for advisors to whom they could relate and who understood their professional and personal needs, in particular: listening skills, life experience, credibility, protected time, ability to challenge, give careful consideration, trustworthiness, knowledge about GP careers, facilitation skills, and empathy. DISCUSSION: A strategy put in place in Australia might enable GPs to implement career plans.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Counselling needs and experience of junior hospital doctors.

A sample of 106 senior house officers who had graduated from Nottingham University in 1987 was surveyed about their experience of and need for careers guidance, performance appraisal, and stress counselling. Of the 80 who replied, a quarter had received no careers guidance and a quarter no feedback about their work performance. Many reported having had difficulties in their post, but few had received help from senior staff or their consultant. The perceived needs for counselling were considerable. Careers counselling was thought to be essential in the preregistration year by all of the doctors and in senior house officer posts by three quarters. Nearly all would have chosen regular appraisal and nearly half wanted counselling for particular difficulties. Doctors in the training grades clearly believed that they needed counselling, but in most cases they did not receive it.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The special problems of occupational guidance].

The professional guidance for the motor deficient child is a very important problem due to the fact that our decision will influence the life of the individual from here on. The aspect that must be taken into account when we discuss about professional guidance is the coordination of the movements. Our study is based on 151 school girls with neurologic deficiencies and is focus on the job that the children are trained for. A series of tests were used in order to asses the motricity of the girls. The results obtained showed that many children have been improper orientated, the jobs that they are trained for demanding more physical abilities. In order to improve the social status of the motor deficient person we must choose a profession that will use all his abilities but will not require skills affected by the deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Barriers to minorities in the orthopaedic profession.

The rapidly growing population of the United States is becoming more diversified in its ethnicity. Conversely, the orthopaedic profession has not kept pace with this increase. Although 1/3 of the total population is comprised of Latinos, African Americans, and Native Americans, only 7% of all orthopaedic surgeons represent these minorities. There is a widespread need for minority orthopaedic surgeons who can communicate with and understand these patients to provide them with competent cultural care. Minority students face significant barriers, intrinsic and extrinsic, which impede them in choosing orthopaedics as a career. Recognizing that these barriers are rooted in the early years of education, solutions such as mentoring activities, good guidance counseling, and accessible role models should be advocated and adopted. Misconceptions on the part of the minority students, medical school admissions committees, and directors of orthopaedic residency training programs may lead to negative impressions and results. The purpose of this paper is to make the orthopaedic community aware of this disparity and the barriers that underrepresented minority students encounter. Hopefully an appropriate positive response by those who have the ability to make a difference will result, thus facilitating the pathway for the minority student to become an orthopaedic surgeon.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1995

[Role of the COTOREP (Technical Commission for Professional Orientation and Reclassification) in occupational allergies].

A study done by a regional commission for handicapped workers career guidance (COTOREP) from the medical files of the years 1990 to 1994 show that requests concerning occupation-related allergies are less frequent than for other occupational pathologies such as osteoarticular, mental or sensorial diseases. Nevertheless, the patients are young and have a good standard of education. In addition they have often already lost their job as a result of their allergy. So, the help of the commission is both essential and urgent. The allergies in question are principally due to flour, cement, hairdressing preparations, and metals. Two thirds of the requesters, by way of aids or appropriate professional training, have found a new employment. Most of the others are on the way to find a job suited to their situation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Professional guidance problems in spastic hemiparesis school children].

People with physical handicap adapt themselves with more difficulties to professions that require manual abilities. For these youngsters, the professional guidance plays a major role. Their desire is to become independent from the social point of view, independent which is linked with a professional activity. If the youngsters with physical handicaps are correctly orientated, they become socially independent and they perform their professional duties with great correctness. In order to fulfill this goal we must understand the nature of the motric problems. This knowledge is obtained by using a series of tests that allows us to evaluate the degree of motric handicap. The physical difficiency, followed by the integration in a special school, may result in personality problems. Briefly, the motric handicap problem must be discussed in a complex, following medical aspects but also professional, psychic and social aspects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Empowering junior faculty: Penn State's faculty development and mentoring program.

Empowerment of faculty is essential for academic success. The Junior Faculty Development Program (JFDP), sponsored by the Office of Professional Development of the Penn State College of Medicine, was established in 2003 with the goal of promoting the development and advancement of junior faculty so they can achieve success in their academic careers. The program consists of two components: a curriculum in research, education, clinical practice, and career development, and an individual project completed under the guidance of a senior faculty mentor. The curriculum provides faculty with knowledge, skills, and resources. Mentoring provides relationships and support. Together, these elements combine to empower junior faculty to better manage their careers. The effectiveness of the program has been demonstrated by several measures: participants evaluated the program highly, demonstrated increases in their perceptions of their own abilities, and completed tasks important to the advancement of their careers. Participants stated they were better prepared to advance their academic careers and that the individual projects would contribute to their career advancement. On the basis of this experience, the authors suggest that faculty development programs should empower faculty so that they can more effectively chart a successful career in academic medicine. This report describes an empowerment model, and the design, implementation, and evaluation of the Junior Faculty Development Program in 2003-04 and 2004-05. The authors offer this program as a model for the benefit of other institutions and for one of their most valuable assets: junior faculty.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2002

Employment in adults with congenital heart disease.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate job participation, career-related problems, and actual job problems in adults with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) compared with adults with mild CHD and reference groups. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Patients were randomly selected from the archives of the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. PATIENTS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In total, 76 patients with complex CHD and 80 with mild CHD (age range, 17-32 years) completed a self-reported questionnaire on employment and handicaps, with reference data available (response rate, 70%). RESULTS: In the study groups, 45 (59%) of 76 patients with complex CHD had a paid job compared with 61 (76%) of 80 patients with mild CHD. Patients older than 25 years with complex CHD had significantly lower job participation (64%) than the general population (83%). Multiple logistic regression showed that type of CHD and level of education were significantly and independently related to job participation (odds ratio, 4.8; 99% confidence interval, 1.2-19.6; and odds ratio, 4.7; 99% confidence interval, 1.3-17.2, respectively). Of the 76 patients with complex CHD, 42 (55%) experienced disease-related career problems, in contrast to only 1 patient with mild CHD. Both CHD groups had more job-related mobility handicaps than did the reference group. However, in the mild CHD group, handicaps could be attributed to additional noncardiac diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with complex CHD have reduced job participation compared with patients with mild CHD and the general population. Many receive disability benefits or experience career problems or job handicaps. Career counseling focusing on physical abilities and level of education may help prevent or reduce these job-related problems.

Adolescent↗