[An interesting case].
It is reported of a case of complex odontoma preventing the eruption of a molar. After surgical removal of the odontoma, the tooth erupted.
Adolescent↗
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Histochemical studies of glycosaminoglycans in developing periodontal ligaments of ICR mice.
Although the periodontal ligament (PL) contains an abundance of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), there are only a few histochemical studies describing GAGs in the developing PL. In the present study, the relationship between the formation of principal fibers and the molecular species of GAGs in the developing PL was examined by light microscopic histochemistry. Jcl:ICR mice were killed on day 0 to day 28 after birth. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were routinely made and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Azan, or the sensitized high iron diamine (S-HID) procedure combined with enzyme digestions. Before tooth eruption, thin threads of collagen fibers in the PL assembled and constructed principal fibers, which projected from both the side of the alveolar bone and the root of the tooth. After tooth eruption, the principal fibers from both sides were tightly entangled. In the developing PL, the molecular species of GAGs was mainly dermatan sulfate. Moreover, the relative amount of dermatan sulfate increased together with the maturation of the principal fibers, while the principal fibers adjacent to the alveolar bone and cementum contained chondroitin sulfate. These results suggest that dermatan sulfate contributes to collagen fiber assembly in the PL and that chondroitin sulfate relates to PL adhesion to the alveolar bone and to the cementum of the root.
Animals↗
The role of alveolar bone in the noneruption of molar teeth in grey lethal mice.
The in utero and neonatal development of the molar teeth in osteopetrotic grey lethal mice and normal litter mates was observed in timed embryos which were obtained by caeserian section, and in neonatal litters which were sacrificed on the day of birth and each day thereafter until day 7. Serial coronal and sagittal sections through the heads were prepared. The earliest disturbances in the alveolar bone-tooth germ complex were seen at day 19 in utero. At birth, the grey lethal first molar germs are severely distorted by encroaching alveolar bone. The abnormalities become progressively more marked until day 7. The failure in alveolar bone remodeling is the factor which prevents tooth eruption in grey lethal mice.
Alveolar Process↗
Oral and maxillofacial surgical considerations for a case of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria.
Hutchinson-Guilford progeria is a rare genetic condition showing the stigmata of accelerated ageing combined with severe growth retardation. Patients with this condition show a classical facies and clinical features with an average age of death of 13, usually due to atherosclerotic changes. Craniofacial and dental manifestations include mandibular and maxillary hypoplasia, both vertically and horizontally. Delayed and abnormal tooth eruption and morphology are commonly present. The long-term medical prognosis and eruption potential of individual teeth is important when considering treatment. In addition to this, surgical planning and surgical technique must be modified by the abnormal facial morphology, dermal inelasticity, potential anaesthetic difficulties, and ongoing deterioration in the medical condition. These factors mandate early and definitive intervention for oral surgical conditions. We report the case of a 13-year-old male treated for pericoronitis and oral pain relating to delayed eruption of first permanent molars.
Child↗
Pre-eruptive intracoronal radiolucent defect: a case of a nonprogressive lesion.
Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption or defect is an unusual radiolucency located in the dentin, just beneath the dentin-enamel junction of unerupted teeth. The pathogenesis of the phenomenon is unclear. The present case with a radiolucency that has not changed in its dimension over a period of almost 7 years, until tooth eruption, raises a question about the progressive nature of the defect that is defined as "resorption." Resorption may not be the sole explanation for a pre-eruptive intracoronal radiolucent defect. The authors also challenge the hypothesis of "local pressure" as a prime cause for the defect. The authors conclude that, when dealing with pre-eruptive intracoronal radiolucency in permanent teeth, a conservative approach with radiographic follow-up is the recommended treatment if the lesion does not seem to endanger the pulp. Intervention can be postponed until after tooth eruption when treatment does not require surgical intervention.
Child↗
Teething.
Teething does not appear to cause diarrhea, fever, rashes, seizures or bronchitis. It may be associated with some daytime restlessness, thumb sucking, gum rubbing, drooling and temporary loss of appetite. It is not clear whether these signs are developmental in origin or are actually related to tooth eruption. Illness occurring with teething should be thoroughly evaluated so that a serious systemic disturbance is not overlooked.
Humans↗
Histopathology of the interactions between alveolar bone and impacted dental germs in osteopetrotic op/op rats.
Osteopetrosis, a general increase in bone density, is well-known as an autosomal recessive disease in several mammalian species. Compared with normal littermates, the osteopetrotic rats suffered from a complete failure of tooth eruption. Histologic and microradiographic studies show that the molars and the incisors developed a progressive ankylosis, the bone invades the germs and finally dissociates them. As early as the first days after birth, the incisors and the first molars are affected by the osteopetrotic process while the second and the third molars remain untouched. The periodontal membrane of the incisors is rapidly invaded by the osteopetrotic bone trabeculae. After the eleventh day, the process reached all molars. The germs were overlaid by an occlusal unresorbed bone. The formation of the gebernacular canal appeared to be independent of the prefunctional eruption.
Alveolar Process↗
Junctional epithelium in rats is characterized by slow cell proliferation.
BACKGROUND: The integrity of junctional epithelium (JE) and a firm epithelial adhesion to the tooth surface are maintained by the balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Maintaining the JE structure is essential for the protection of periodontal connective tissues against oral microbes. In this study, the proliferative activity and the expression of caspase 3, a cysteine protease associated with cell death, were studied in rat JE and other epithelial structures during molar tooth development. METHODS: Fourteen rats aged 10 to 70 days were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Samples of first and second molars were selected for immunohistochemical staining. BrdU incorporation was studied in oral epithelium (OE) covering the erupting tooth, reduced enamel epithelium (REE), and gingival epithelium (GE), sulcular epithelium (SE), and JE. Samples were also subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase 3. RESULTS: The basal cells of the GE were actively proliferating, but in the JE, only a few cells were positive for BrdU or PCNA immunostaining. Some outer REE cells were proliferating during tooth eruption. Caspase 3 expression was in specific areas of REE after completion of amelogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed slow proliferative activity in the rat JE. However, specific studies on cellular turnover and cell migration are needed to understand tissue homeostasis in this area.
Animals↗
Relative effects of pre- and post-eruption water fluoride on caries experience by surface type of permanent first molars.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative pre- and post-eruption exposure effects of fluoridated water on the caries experience of different surface types of first permanent molars. METHODS: Parental questionnaires covering residential history of participants were linked to the oral examinations of 6-15-year-old Australian children conducted in 1992 by the School Dental Services of South Australia and Queensland. Percentage of lifetime exposed to optimally fluoridated water pre- (PRE) and post-eruption (POST) was calculated with respect to tooth eruption age. Combined pre- and post-eruption categories were created to test PRE against POST exposure: PRE and POST = 0, PRE < POST, PRE = POST and in the range 0-90% of lifetime exposure, PRE > POST and, PRE and POST >or= 90% lifetime exposure. These categories were used as indicator variables in linear regression models with PRE and POST = 0 as reference in an analysis of first permanent molar DMFS scores overall and by surface type. RESULTS: Participation rates were 69.7% in South Australia (n = 9690) and 55.6% in Queensland (n = 10 195). Compared with the reference, the categories PRE > POST (beta = -0.033), PRE = POST (beta = -0.028) in the range 0-90% and, PRE and POST >or= 90% (beta = -0.055) showed significantly lower caries overall (P < 0.01), with a similar pattern for pit and fissure surface caries (beta = -0.035, -0.031 and -0.052, respectively). Only a high PRE and POST exposure decreased caries levels significantly in the approximal (beta = -0.038; P < 0.01) and free smooth surfaces (beta = -0.023; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-eruption exposure was important for a caries preventive effect on first permanent molars in children 6-15 years old since post-eruption exposure alone could not lower caries levels significantly. For pit and fissure surfaces, a high pre-eruption exposure could decrease caries levels significantly. However, for other surface types, only a high pre- and post-eruption exposure produced a caries preventive effect.
Adolescent↗
Early hypercementosis and arrested dental eruption: heritable multiple ankylodontia.
This study describes arrested posterior permanent tooth eruption in association with hypercementosis, reduction of the periodontal ligamental space, and bony ankylosis. The severe dental malocclusion occurred in four members of the same family and it appears to have an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.
Adult↗
Effect of epidermal growth factor and artificial feeding in suckling rats.
To evaluate the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in dietary milk, a new method of delivering an artificial (EGF-deficient) formula was developed using 42 rat pups, 1-14 days of age. In a second study the effect of EGF was evaluated in suckling rats from 3-11 days of age: group 1, mother-fed; group 2, mother-fed plus daily injections of EGF (0.1 micrograms/g body weight); group 3, artificial milk fed with added EGF (62 ng/ml); and group 4, artificial milk fed without EGF. Each group consists of nine rats. In group 2 there was premature eye opening and tooth eruption and a significant reduction in body weight and weight of liver, kidney, thyroid, and thymus but an increase in length of the intestine and weights of stomach, pancreas, lung, and adrenal (p less than 0.04), when compared to group 1. Both groups 3 and 4 showed premature tooth eruption and eye opening, and their body weights and most organ weights were similar to group 2; exceptions were a smaller stomach, thyroid, thymus, lung, and adrenal, which were similar to those in group 1. In addition, intestinal length in groups 3 and 4 were similar to the mother-fed EGF-treated pups (group 2). There was no difference in intestinal length between the artificially fed pups, whether or not they received oral EGF. These findings demonstrate a new and effective technique of artificial feeding and suggest that the increase in intestinal length caused by injections of EGF (0.1 micrograms/g body weight) can also be induced by feeding an artificial milk with or without physiologic levels of EGF.
Age Factors↗
[CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS OF EXTRAORDINARY PRESERVATION OF ECTOPIC TEETH].
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Humans↗
[LOSS OF FRONTAL TEETH CAUSED BY DISPLACED UPPER CANINE TEETH].
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Adolescent↗
[CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC PROBLEMS OF TOOTH RETENTION AND IMPACTED TEETH].
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Humans↗
Supernumerary premolars. Report of 10 cases.
Supernumerary premolars are "extra" teeth morphologically belonging to the premolar group. Hyperdontia affecting premolars can be single (when only one supernumerary tooth is found), multiple (if several teeth are involved) or related to a syndrome such as cleidocranial dysplasia. Supernumerary premolars are the third most frequent group of supernumerary teeth, following mesiodens and fourth molars; the prevalence among the general population ranges from 0.09-0.64%. The present study describes 10 cases of supernumerary premolars treated in our Service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Dental Clinic of the University of Barcelona. A late onset was demonstrated in one case, contrasting the present pantomograph with another obtained 5 years before. In only one case did the presence of a supernumerary premolar alter normal tooth eruption. Two supernumerary premolars were affected by follicular cysts.
Adolescent↗
Craniofacial growth in cleidocranial dysplasia--a roentgencephalometric study.
The purpose of this study was to analyze craniofacial growth in cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) with emphasis on bone remodeling, mandibular condylar growth, and tooth eruption. Skull radiographs of 22 CCD children followed longitudinally were examined. The span of time investigated varied for each patient, but the period from 5 years to adult age was well covered. Five patients had metallic implants inserted in the jaws; the implants enabled detailed analysis of bone remodeling, jaw rotation, and tooth eruption. In the calvaria, an open anterior fontanelle area persisted in most cases but decreased with age. A frontal sinus failed to develop or was diminutive in all cases but one. In the cranial base, the size increase of the sella turcica was reduced as a result of modest resorption at the floor and the posterior wall; the clivus was flexed in most cases, but the flexion remained stable during the observation period. Growth in maxillary height was severely reduced, primarily because resorptive lowering of the nasal floor was minimal. The amount of bone apposition on the orbital floor and the alveolar process was smaller than expected. Condylar growth direction was vertical giving rise to a forward rotation of the mandible in relation to the anterior cranial base. The expected resorptive remodeling below the mandibular angle and anteriorly on the ramus was negligible. The low maxilla, in combination with a marked forward mandibular rotation in cases with unstable occlusion as a consequence of eruption problems in the permanent dentition, gave rise to a diminished anterior facial height.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
Myosin heavy chain composition of tongue muscle in microphthalmic (mi/mi) mice before and after weaning.
To elucidate the effects of teeth on muscle fibers in the tongue during the developmental process, we examined the expression of muscle contractile proteins and the genes for those proteins in normal mice and microphthalmic (mi/mi) mice with impaired tooth eruption. The mice were observed during the growth period, including weaning, which is when feeding movements undergo major changes. Expression of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC)-2a protein, whose contraction speed is relatively slow, disappeared after weaning in normal mice, while it remained in high concentrations even after weaning in mi/mi mice. The presence of MyHC-2a after weaning in mice with no tooth eruption was attributed to a compensation for lack of proper masticatory function and sucking-like movements, as MyHC-2a is necessary for these movements.
Animals↗
Regional differences of expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and RANKL in the rat dental follicle.
Tooth eruption requires alveolar bone resorption and bone formation. The coronal half of the dental follicle probably mediates the bone resorption seen in the coronal region of the alveolar bony crypt, and the basal half of the follicle mediates bone growth in the basal region. We hypothesized that the expression of a gene for bone resorption--receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)--would be higher in the coronal than in the basal region of the follicle. Conversely, the level of expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), a gene for bone formation, would be higher in the basal region. Results obtained using laser-capture microdissection and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the hypothesis. Scanning electron micrographs of the bony crypt showed that the coronal area of the crypt was scalloped in appearance (bone resorption), whereas the basal area was trabecular (bone formation). Thus, the differences in bone activity at opposite poles of the crypt appear to be caused by differences in the regional expression of genes in the dental follicle and suggest a molecular mechanism whereby the dental follicle could regulate both the alveolar bone resorption and formation needed for eruption.
Animals↗