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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Congenital cysts and fistulas of the neck.

This retrospective study describes a series of 191 children treated for congenital cysts and fistulas of the neck between 1984 and 1999 in the pediatric ORL Department of La Timone Children's Hospital. Preauricular fistulas and cystic hygromas were not included. The anomalies in this series were classified as either malformations of the midline or malformations of laterocervical region. Malformations of the midline included the thyroglossal duct cysts (n=102) and dermoid cysts (n=21). The most common malformations of the laterocervical region were cysts and fistulas of the second cleft (n=37) followed by those of the first cleft (n=20),those of the fourth pouch (n=7), and thymic cysts (n=4). Diagnosis of malformations of the midline is usually straightforward. However, diagnosis of malformation of the laterocervical region can be problematic. Misdiagnosis often leads to inadequate treatment with recurrence and functional as well as cosmetic sequelae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Branchial cleft anomalies: a five-year retrospective review.

Branchial cleft cysts, sinuses and fistulas are among the most commonly encountered congenital anomalies in pediatric otolaryngic practice. They can present difficulties in differential diagnosis and surgical management. In order to study the clinical presentation and surgical management of branchial cleft anomalies, the operative records of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) were reviewed for a five year period, January 1, 1982 through December 31, 1986. All patients with a pathologically-confirmed post-operative diagnosis of a branchial cleft anomaly were included in a retrospective chart review. Their case histories were studied to determine symptoms upon presentation, presence or absence of drainage, type of lesion, site of lesion, characteristics of the lesion, accuracy of pre-operative diagnosis, recurrence and complications. A total of 71 patients, 39 males and 32 females, underwent surgical excision of a branchial cleft cyst, sinus or fistula during the study period. There were 23 branchial cleft cysts, 50 sinuses and 3 fistulas. A correct pre-operative diagnosis was established in 60 (85%) of the patients, being highest for patients with branchial cleft fistulas. Incorrect pre-operative diagnoses included thyroglossal duct cyst, cervical lymphadenitis, dermoid, dermal inclusion cyst, lymphangioma and malignant neoplasm. The clinical presentation, pre-operative evaluation, pitfalls in diagnosis, surgical management and post-operative complications are discussed and strategies for the management of branchial cleft anomalies are presented.

Branchial Region↗
PubMed1991

Anatomical reconstruction of the thyroglossal duct.

The high postoperative recurrence rate of the thyroglossal duct cyst is well known. Since Sistrunk's operation was used, the recurrence rate was remarkably reduced, but the anatomical description of the thyroglossal duct through the entire tract has not been clarified in detail. For a more accurate anatomical understanding of the thyroglossal duct, 10 specimens obtained from Sistrunk's operation were studied using histological reconstruction, and a common running pattern of the thyroglossal duct was found. The cyst is usually located caudal to the hyoid bone mostly at the midline. The duct extends upward from the cyst ventral to the hyoid bone, with many or a few branches and secretory glands. These ducts or branches merge into a single duct at the level of the cranial portion of the hyoid bone. However, as it leaves the hyoid bone and approaches the foramen cecum, a single duct spreads out into many ductuli like the tip of a broom, which communicate with many secretory glands. There were three cases in which the duct was found behind the hyoid bone, but in no case did the thyroglossal duct run through the back of the hyoid bone. The duct behind the hyoid bone was recognized as a branch from the main duct in the dorsal direction. It ascended to the dorsal surface of the hyoid bone and terminated blind. These findings emphasized the importance of Sistrunk's operation to prevent a recurrence.

Child↗
PubMed2006

[Etiology of laryngeal stridor in neonates: analysis of 16 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To reduce misdiagnosis and explore etiology of laryngeal stridor in neonates. METHODS: Sixteen neonates with laryngeal stridor were reviewed. All the patients were examined with CT scan for larynx and lungs and some were examined with laryngoscopy. Laboratory examination and chromosome analysis were also done in all or some patients. RESULTS: All the 16 neonates were diagnosed before admission as congenital simple laryngeal stridor in other hospitals. Of the 16 neonates with laryngeal stridor, 5 (31%) had thyroglossal ductal cyst, 1 (6%) neonate with cri du chat (5p(-)) syndrome, 2 (13%) neonates with Pierre-Robin syndrome and the rest 8 (50%) were suspected of congenital simple laryngeal stridor. CONCLUSION: Neonates with laryngeal stridor are easily misdiagnosed; neonatal thyroglossal duct cyst is one of common causes. The diagnosis for a congenital simple laryngeal stridor should be carefully made excluding the possibility of related diseases. The authors recommend that laryngoscopy and CT scan for larynx should be performed in the neonates with laryngeal stridor.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed2004

Thyroglossal duct carcinoma.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this paper is to review the presentation and management of thyroglossal duct carcinoma. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent articles have analyzed the value of preoperative investigation and have addressed some of the controversies in the management of such tumors; in particular, the optimal surgical management of the thyroid gland, as well as optimal management of lymph node metastases, the role of thyroid suppression therapy, and radioactive iodine therapy. SUMMARY: Thyroglossal duct carcinoma is uncommon, occurring in approximately 1% of all thyroglossal duct cysts. It is often diagnosed incidentally after surgical excision. Ninety-four percent of carcinomas are of thyroid origin, with most being papillary in nature, and 6% are of squamous cell origin. Incidentally discovered, well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct, in the presence of a clinically and radiologically normal thyroid gland, can be managed adequately by the Sistrunk operation. Those patients with more advanced disease require more aggressive treatment. This may include a total thyroidectomy with or without neck dissection in addition to the Sistrunk operation, followed by radioactive iodine therapy and thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression. The prognosis is generally excellent with adequately treated disease.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1989

Congenital neck masses.

Neck masses are frequently encountered in children. Although they are most often due to past infections, they may be of congenital origin. A neck mass in an adult may also be benign and of congenital origin. Common congenital neck masses include thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial anomalies, cystic hygromas and hemangiomas. Cysts, sinuses and fistulas may arise from the branchial apparatus.

Branchioma↗
PubMed2000

Morphology of the human thyroglossal tract: a histologic and macroscopic study in infants and children.

The anatomic development of thyroglossal tract remnants is not understood at present. For analysis of morphology and growth patterns of thyroglossal tract remnants, we used histologic whole organ serial sections to determine developmental changes through the first years of life. Larynges of 58 infants and children ages 1 month to 13 years were obtained in whole organ serial step-sections in an axial plane. The slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue, and periodic acid-Schiff stains. Altogether, 3,247 histologic slices were examined. The resulting data were then correlated with the age and sex of the specimens. We found, in 24 cases (41.3%), remnants of the thyroglossal tract or ectopic thyroid tissue. In 4 specimens (16.6%), a complete thyroglossal tract could be observed that presented a ventral path in relation to the hyoid bone with no contact with the perichondrium of the cartilage. Hormonal activity of ectopic thyroid tissue was proven in 20 cases (34.5%). Thyroid follicles were located in 2 cases (3.5%) in the hyoid bone. The thyroglossal ducts revealed a modest tendency for a left-sided pathway, whereas thyroid follicles were located more on the right paramedian side. Morphometric data on the development and structure of the thyroglossal tract and the thyroid follicles during infancy and childhood are presented. The study provides quantitative data of clinical interest that elucidate the anatomy of thyroglossal tract remnants. In addition, our investigation supports Sistrunk's operative approach for avoiding recurrences in the treatment of thyroglossal duct cysts.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hürthle cell carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct.

A thyroglossal duct cyst is an embryologic remnant that often manifests as a swelling in the midline of the neck. The development of a carcinoma in a cyst is rare but well recognized. The majority of those reported are papillary carcinoma; there have been 4 cases of mixed follicular-papillary (which biologically and clinically behaves as a papillary carcinoma) and only 1 follicular. A computer search of the literature revealed no previous report of a Hürthle cell carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct. A case of Hürthle cell carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct is presented, and the pathology, clinical manifestations, and management are reviewed.

Carcinoma↗