Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Spinal Cord Compression”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[A rare cause of spinal cord compression: osteochondroma of the thoracic spine. A case report].

Osteochondroma or exostosis is the most common benign tumor of bone, but vertebral involvement is rare. The authors report the case of a 16 years old male with a family history of hereditary multiple exostoses who presented with spinal cord compression. MR examination showed an intraspinal extradural bone lesion at the T1-T2 level, hyperintense on T1 weighted and hypointense on T2 weighted images, causing marked cord deformity. The CT scan showed a tumor of the body and left pedicle of T2 with severe narrowing of the spinal canal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Spinal cord compression by an osteochondroma in a patient with multiple osteochondromatosis. Case report.

The authors present the case of a 24-year-old woman with osteochondromatosis who experienced gradual onset of cervical myelopathy. Metrizamide myelography and metrizamide-enhanced computered tomography revealed extensive extradural cervical spinal cord compression, and surgical removal of a lower cervical osteochondroma was performed. Although osteochondroma is the most common of the benign bone tumors, neurological involvement due to spinal cord compression is rare. Somatosensory evoked responses obtained before, during, and after surgery are also presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Spinal cord compression and blood flow. I. The effect of raised cerebrospinal fluid pressure on spinal cord blood flow.

The effect of cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) on spinal cord blood flow (SCBF), measured by the hydrogen clearance technique, was studied in dogs. CSFP was altered by the infusion of mock CSF into the lumbar subarachnoid space. Occluding snares at T-13 limited the effect of raised pressure on the brain. As the perfusion pressure was reduced when the CSFP was increased, flow remained constant up to a perfusion pressure of approximately 50 mm Hg. Below this value, flow decreased with decreasing perfusion pressure. Normal flow values could be reestablished even at a raised CSFP if the perfusion pressure was increased by raising the arterial blood pressure. Rapid reduction of CSFP was accompanied by reactive hyperemia. The autoregulation of flow down to a perfusion pressure of 50 mm Hg was due to progressive decrease in vascular resistance. Carbon dioxide-responsiveness of the vessels was decreased markedly as the perfusion pressure was reduced.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Cervical spinal cord compression due to an osteochondroma in hereditary multiple exostosis: case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Hereditary multiple exostosis is a benign disorder characterized by multiple osteochondromas affecting long and flat bones, although occasionally vertebral column involvement can be seen. Cervical spinal cord compression in HME is a rare condition. The objective of this manuscript is to describe a rare case of cervical myelopathy due to an exostosis arising from C7 in a patient with HME and a comprehensive review of the current literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe a case of HME in an 18-year-old girl with myelopathy characterized by quadriparesis due to an osteochondroma arising from the lamina of C7. The patient underwent surgery, and a laminectomy was performed with a complete removal of the exostosis and spinal cord decompression. One month after surgery, patient presented an excellent recovery without neurologic deficits. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical spinal cord compression resulting from osteochondroma is an extremely serious complication of HME. Neurosurgical approach should be recommended in order to achieve a spinal cord decompression, which usually results in excellent functional recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Cost-effectiveness of surgery plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for metastatic epidural spinal cord compression.

PURPOSE: A recent randomized clinical trial has demonstrated that direct decompressive surgery plus radiotherapy was superior to radiotherapy alone for the treatment of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. The current study compared the cost-effectiveness of the two approaches. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In the original clinical trial, clinical effectiveness was measured by ambulation and survival time until death. In this study, an incremental cost-effectiveness analysis was performed from a societal perspective. Costs related to treatment and posttreatment care were estimated and extended to the lifetime of the cohort. Weibull regression was applied to extrapolate outcomes in the presence of censored clinical effectiveness data. RESULTS: From a societal perspective, the baseline incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was found to be $60 per additional day of ambulation (all costs in 2003 Canadian dollars). Using probabilistic sensitivity analysis, 50% of all generated ICERs were lower than $57, and 95% were lower than $242 per additional day of ambulation. This analysis had a 95% CI of -$72.74 to 309.44, meaning that this intervention ranged from a financial savings of $72.74 to a cost of $309.44 per additional day of ambulation. Using survival as the measure of effectiveness resulted in an ICER of $30,940 per life-year gained. CONCLUSIONS: We found strong evidence that treatment of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression with surgery in addition to radiotherapy is cost-effective both in terms of cost per additional day of ambulation, and cost per life-year gained.

Canada↗
PubMed1986

Intra-spinal new bone formation and spinal cord compression in familial hypophosphataemic vitamin D resistant osteomalacia.

Four patients with familial hypophosphataemic vitamin D resistant osteomalacia and spinal cord compression are reported. Three of these patients were treated by decompressive laminectomy and each made a good recovery. At surgery new bone formation in the ligamentum flavum and thickening of laminae were found to be responsible for the canal stenosis and cord compression. Two of these four patients, and 10 others were examined by computed tomography to determine the incidence, site and extent of any intra-spinal new bone formation. Facet joint hypertrophy and thickened laminae were observed at some level in all the patients, but much the most important cause of spinal canal stenosis was new bone formation in the ligamentum flavum, in the mid and lower thoracic spine, occurring at several, but mainly contiguous vertebral levels. Severe spinal canal stenosis was found in eight of the 12 patients scanned. No obvious relation was found between the presence of intra-spinal new bone formation and the clinical severity of the disease or the presence of extra-skeletal ossification in para-spinal and other sites. Computed tomography offers a simple, non-invasive technique for identifying those patients at risk of cord compression from new bone formation.

Female↗
PubMed1997

Radiologic features compared to clinical findings in a prospective study of 153 patients with metastatic spinal cord compression treated by radiotherapy.

Plain radiography, myelography and post-myelographic CT-scan are described and related to clinical findings in a prospective study of 153 consecutive patients with myelographic signs of spinal cord compression. The majority of the metastatic tumours arise in the vertebral body or the pedicles. In 80% of the patients with total blockage to the contrast medium on myelography the post-myelographic-CT showed passage of the contrast medium. Ambulatory function at time of diagnosis was correlated to the degree and the localization of the epidural block. In 64 patients who underwent a second myelography, the post-treatment findings of sensory function were correlated to radiological regression.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Epidural metastatic spinal cord compression: functional outcome and survival after inpatient rehabilitation.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive study. OBJECTIVES: (1). To obtain an overall appraisal of patients with epidural metastatic spinal cord compression (SCC) admitted to nine Dutch spinal cord units (SCUs) between 01-01-1990 and 01-01-2000. (2). To identify factors that predict survival >1 year after in-patient rehabilitation of patients with epidural metastatic SCC. SETTING: Dutch SCUs. Rehabilitation Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam. Rehabilitation Center Heliomare, Wijk aan Zee. Rehabilitation Center De Hoogstraat, Utrecht. Rehabilitation Center Rijndam, Rotterdam. Rehabilitation Center Sophia Stichting, Den Haag. Rehabilitation Center Beatrixoord, Haren. Rehabilitation Center Het Roessingh, Enschede. Rehabilitation Center Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen. Rehabilitation Center SRL Hoensbroeck, Hoensbroek. METHODS: (1). Clinical records were reviewed and demographic, clinical and functional data were collected according to a protocol. The date of admittance to the SCU, rehabilitation goals, date of discharge and date of death were recorded. (2). The odds ratio (OR) was calculated for all determinants on admittance to the SCU in order to find indicators that predict survival >1 year after discharge from the SCU. An OR >or=2 was considered to be clinically significant. RESULTS: In total, 131 patients with epidural metastatic SCC were admitted. In all, 117 clinical records were retrieved and 97 clinical records provided complete data. The average age on admittance was 58 years. Among the patients 53% were male. The average Barthel score on admittance was 7.2/20 points. The average length of stay in the SCU was 104 days (3-336). Overall, 66% of the patients were discharged. The average Barthel score on discharge was 12.0 points. The average survival after discharge was 808 (0-3669) days. During their stay on the SCU, seven patients died. At 1 year after discharge, 52% of the patients were still alive. These patients suffered less complications, had been admitted less often to a hospital during rehabilitation, had made better functional progress and had been discharged home more often. A survival >1 year after discharge is related to ASIA D (OR 4.3), MRC 4 and 5 (OR 5.4), tumour in remission (OR 3.8) and independence or partial independence on the Barthel items: dressing (OR 4.3) and making transfers (OR 5.0). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with epidural metastatic SCC may benefit from in-patient rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Spinal cord compression as a primary manifestation of occult thyroid carcinoma].

Metastatic disease is the first clinical manifestation of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in less than 5% of cases. Bone metastases as the first sign of DTC are associated with a poor prognosis, both for being resistant to treatment and for complications due to them. Spinal cord compression is a rare development in DTC, which may present late in the course of the disease. An initial presentation of DTC with a spinal cord compression is an extremely rare condition.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Malignant paraganglioma with skeletal metastases and spinal cord compression: response and palliation with chemotherapy.

Paragangliomas (carotid body tumours, chemodectomas) may arise in any area of the body where sympathetic ganglia are present, including chemoreceptors, the adrenal medulla and retroperitoneal ganglia. Increasing numbers of patients are being reported with vertebral metastases and spinal cord compression for which either decompression laminectomy or external beam radiotherapy, or both, are required. Patients with vertebral metastases may develop progression of disease after radiation therapy. There is little published information on the use of chemotherapy in this clinical situation. We report a case of metastatic paraganglioma complicated by spinal cord compression showing evidence of clinical benefit from chemotherapy after progressive disease and symptoms developed in a region previously treated by radiation therapy.

Adult↗