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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Are missionaries at risk for AIDS? Evaluation for HIV antibodies in 3,207 protestant missionaries.

Serum specimens (n = 6,045) obtained from 3,207 Protestant missionaries serving in 57 countries, including 28 African nations, between 1967 and 1984 were assayed for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening and Western blot confirmatory testing. Seventy sera (1.2%) from 51 missionaries (1.6%) were ELISA positive; however, on Western blot confirmatory testing none was diagnostic of HIV infection. Twenty-two (43%) of the Western blot tests were read as indeterminate, with band p17 occurring with the greatest frequency (57%), followed by p24 (23%), either alone or in combination. The significance of these equivocal results is unclear, but they do not appear to be a consequence of exposure to either HIV or the related retrovirus HTLV-I. Based on this seroprevalence survey, we conclude that missionary staff and their families were not at high risk of HIV infection between 1967 and 1984, even when serving in regions of high HIV endemicity.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Reforming hospital nursing: the experiences of Maria Machin.

The reform of hospital nursing in the last quarter of the nineteenth century brought nursing leaders into conflict with the gendered and class bound structure of Victorian society. The experiences of Maria Machin are used in this article as an example of the barriers nursing leaders had to overcome in order to establish a competent nursing service. While Machin was eminently successful in improving patient care and expanding the knowledge base of her nurses, she could not change the perceptions of nursing which the public at large held. At the beginning of the nineteenth century hospital nurses had been essentially cleaning women who gave some of the less important nursing care. They formed a cheap service which many hospital governors considered a relatively low priority in the overall operation of the hospital. This view of nursing persisted long after the reformers had made nursing into something quite different. Machin's nursing career also illustrates how nursing participated in a major aspect of British imperialism, the export of professional expertise and administrative skills as well as the way nursing fitted into the rise of the new professionalism.

Faculty, Nursing↗
PubMed1995

Evolution of a public health nursing program, Yukon Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, 1893-1993.

The role of public health in a reformed health care system is currently a matter of great debate at the national and state levels. Many public health nursing leaders have expressed concern about changes in public health policy and funding sources that have led to the near demise of the generalist public health nurse. Generalist public health nurses may be an endangered species; however, the role is still in existence in rural Alaska. Will they be one more example of how "what we learn from history is that we don't learn from history?" Taking the discrete area of the Yukon Kuskokwim Delta of Alaska and studying the forces of geography, politics, economics, social factors and health issues, this article provides an historic account of the development of a unique health care delivery system and the role of the public health nursing structure within it, from earliest known records to present day. The long-standing efforts to document these data were spurred by the National Centennial of Public Health Nursing activities, celebrated in 1993.

Alaska↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal care in northeast Zaire.

Neonatal care in rural northeast Zaire presents many challenges to nursing. The high infant mortality is a result of rampant infectious diseases, limited resources, and poor public education. Midwives use innovative nursing interventions to meet the basic needs of the neonate: warmth, respiration, nutrition, and prevention of infection. Interesting cultural beliefs also influence neonatal care in this area of Africa.

Cultural Characteristics↗