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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Modified citrus pectin-monograph.

Modified citrus pectin (MCP), also known as fractionated pectin, is a complex polysaccharide obtained from the peel and pulp of citrus fruits. Modified citrus pectin is rich in galactoside residues, giving it an affinity for certain types of cancer cells. Metastasis is one of the most life-threatening aspects of cancer and the lack of effective anti-metastatic therapies has prompted research on MCP's effectiveness in blocking metastasis of certain types of cancers, including melanomas, prostate, and breast cancers.

Citrus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hydrocolloid interferences in the determination of pectin by the carbazole method.

In the colorimetric determination of pectin by the carbazole method, some of the interfering compounds have been identified but the possible interference of different hydrocolloids is not known. Several hydrocolloids are currently used in the preparation of imitation and adulterated orange juice for cloud stabilization. Hydrocolloids studied were gum arabic, carboxylmethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, carrageenan, guar gum, and xanthan. The effects of these hydrocolloids on the carbazole method for pectin determination was studied. Procedures are proposed for the correct use of the carbazole method for pectin determination in the presence of extraneous hydrocolloids.

Beverages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of iron concentration on pectin decomposition by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus awamori].

The effect of cations Fe2+ and Fe3+ on the decomposition of apple pectin by the enzymic preparations of Asp. niger and Asp. awamori has been examined. Fe ions have delayed the process of enzymic decomposition of the pectin molecule. In the presence of Fe3+ far less amounts of monogalacturonic acid are formed. The presence of Fe ions makes the pectin molecule more stable to the effect of pectolytic enzymes.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of Aronia in combination with apple pectin in patients with breast cancer undergoing postoperative radiation therapy.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of Aronia in combination with apple pectin in patients with breast cancer in the course of postoperative radiation therapy. Monoclonal antibodies were used to assay specific T cell subsets. Tests were performed prior to and after 26 and 50 Gy of irradiation. The study comprised 42 women (19 to 65 years of age) receiving 15 g of apple pectin in combination with 20 ml of Aronia concentrate (Bioactive Substance Laboratory--Plovdiv) twice daily during postoperative irradiation. Irradiation was performed by a 60Co-Rokus according to individualized treatment schedules. The following T lymphocyte populations were tested--CD3 total T lymphocytes, CD4 helper and inducer T cells, CD8 suppressor and cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. The levels of the polypeptide tissue antigen (TPA), an oncofetal protein, were tested in parallel. The TPA was used to assess treatment outcome in our patients. A group of 25 age-matched women with breast cancer served as controls. Immune status analysis of controls was performed prior to and following postoperative radiation. A total of 880 serum samples were tested. Assays of immunity parameters in the patients receiving Aronia in combination with apple pectin showed that CD4 and CD8 T cell counts increased significantly (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). In control patients CD3 T cell levels lowered, the other T cell levels remained unchanged. Initially the number of NK cells was increased in both groups of patients. It remained constant throughout the course of the study. The normal levels of TPA in both groups of patients indicated a good treatment outcome due to the adequacy of surgery and in combination with radiation therapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2002

[Determination of bismuth pectin by flow-injection hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry].

A new method was developed by flow-injection hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry (FI-HG-AAS) for direct determination of bismuth in bismuth pectin, which is mostly composed of pectin and bismuth and serves as one of pharmaceuticals for protecting stomach mucous membrane. The influences of some experimental parameters of this method, such as the acidity of sample solution, the reductant of KBH4 and NaOH that served as the stabilizer of KBH4, were studied and these parameters were optimized. Bismuth was detected directly with the linear range of 0.00-44.00 ng.mL-1. The equation of working curve was A = 0.012 + 0.017c (c:ng.mL-1), r = 0.9995, the detection limit was 0.095 ng.mL-1 (3 sigma), and the recovery was 97.3%-103.3%. The method proposed has been used in the analysis of practical sample for bismuth with 96.6%-100.1% founded and 2.1% of RSD. Experiments showed that this method was simple, rapid, accurate and suitable for the assay of bismuth in bismuth pectin.

Bismuth↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of pectin in the ration on cholesterol metabolism in rats].

Inclusion into the ration of 2.5 or 5% of apple pectin during 20 days did not significantly change the blood serum composition: cholesterol content decreased as compared to the control, the number of general bile acids increased. When apple pectin was added to the animals' ration containing egg powder, the amount of cholesterol excreted with feces increased depending on pectin content in the food.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Formulation and roentgenographic studies of naproxen-pectin-based matrix tablets for colon drug delivery.

A study has been carried out to assess the potential use of pectin in combination with two added hydrocolloids, i.e., hydroxy-propyl-methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose in varied concentrations and coated with ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate phthalate. The results of in vitro drug release showed that the matrix tablets prepared with pectin, hydroxy ethyl cellulose (20 percent) when coated with ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate phthalate were found to be 63.0 percent, 8.4 percent, and 4.5 percent, respectively, in after eight hours during drug release study period. These results were confirmed with the results of roentgenographic studies in nine healthy human volunteers to find the shape and integrity of the dosage form. The X-ray photographs revealed that the enteric-coated tablet was visible only up to 5.5 hours and at the end of eighth hour, the photograph has not shown any presence of tablet indicating the loss of shape and size by the microflora present in the colon region. So, the results of in vitro and roentgenographic studies revealed that pectin, hydroxy ethyl cellulose (20 percent) base coated with ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate phthalate was found to be a promising carrier for naproxen to colon.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Further improvement in the administration of pectin as a preventive agent against absorption of radionuclides by human body].

The radioprotective properties of pectin-vitamin powder (PVP) were investigated. PVP was prepared from dry citrus (lemon, orange) peels by special technology. Besides unavailable carbohydrates, it contains pectin (more than 15%), vitamins B, C, P, PP, mineral components. PVP effectively protected from incorporation of radionuclides contained in food products. The blocking effect of PVP was found essentially higher than that of sodium alginate or dry pectins. The optimal daily dose was experimentally defined.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1990

[Exogenous allergic asthma following pectin exposure--a new occupational allergen].

In a 51-year-old male worker, workplace-related dyspnoea in the sense of bronchial asthma, was observed. On the basis of the medical history, the results of serology, inhalatory provocation and histamine release tests, despite a negative skin test, pectins were established to be the precipitating substances; in experiments on animals (Wistar rats), the instillation of pectins led to the development of bronchiolitis. An exogenous, allergic asthma following exposure to pectin may be considered to have been proven.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1986

Effects of differing purified cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose fiber diets on fecal enzymes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.

The fecal microflora enzymes, beta-glucuronidase and beta-glucosidase, as well as fecal bacterial counts, were examined during colon carcinogenesis in rats administered parenteral 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and fed nutritionally equivalent diets free of fiber or containing one of three single sources of dietary fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin). Whereas pectin-fed animals had increased fecal beta-glucuronidase activities, those fed cellulose and hemicellulose, two fibers protective in dimethylhydrazine colon neoplasia, had decreased activities. Although fecal bacterial counts were not significantly changed, similar differential changes in fecal beta-glucosidase activity were noted: cellulose but not pectin or hemicellulose feeding was associated with reduced activity. Although cellulose fiber may cause differing physiological effects resulting in a reduction in colonic neoplasia development in this experimental animal model, decreased bacterial metabolic enzyme activation of carcinogens or cocarcinogens may lead to diminished exposure of colonic cells to exogenous or endogenous mutagens.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of wheat bran and pectin on bile acid and cholesterol excretion in ileostomy patients.

The effect of addition of pectin or wheat bran to a constant low-fibre diet on bile acid and cholesterol excretion from the small intestine has been studied in ileostomy patients. The study was designed to minimize bacterial alteration of ileostomy contents. An addition of 15 g of citrus pectin increased bile acid excretion by 35 per cent (P less than 0.05) and net cholesterol excretion by 14 per cent (P less than 0.05) in six patients, while 16 g of wheat bran to another six patients caused no consistent change. Ileostomy fat excretion increased on the diet with added pectin (P less than 0.05) but not on that with bran. The results support the concept of dietary fibre exerting its effects on lipid metabolism by altering intestinal excretion of sterols.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of pectin on indices of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with ischemic heart disease].

The influence of the diet containing 10 g of citrus pectin, made by "Copenhagen-Pectin-Fabric", on some parameters of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism was studied in 33 coronary heart disease male patients, aged from 29 to 40 years, who had survived documented myocardial infarction. The results of the investigation have evidenced that increased pectin content in the diet promotes the reduction of the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood serum, the rise of tolerance to carbohydrates and produces no appreciable effect on the lithogenic potential of bile in the coronary patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of pectin and kaolin on bioavailability of co-trimoxazole suspension.

Bioavailability of co-trimoxazole suspension was determined with and without concurrent administration of pectin and kaolin in 8 volunteers. Twenty ml suspension of co-trimoxazole containing 160 mg trimethoprim (TMP) and 800 mg sulphamethoxazole (SMX) and co-trimoxazole suspension along with 20 ml of pectin-kaolin suspension were administered in a random order with 7 days interval. Plasma estimation of trimethoprim and sulphonamide was carried out at serial intervals. Area under curve (AUC) and Cmax of TMP were significantly higher when co-trimoxazole suspension alone was used. No statistically significant changes were observed in case of sulphamethoxazole. Clinical study is necessary to verify whether concurrent administration of co-trimoxazole and pectin-kaolin leads to loss of antibacterial efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of pectin and wheat bran on intraluminal pancreatic enzyme activities and on fat absorption as examined with the triolein breath test in patients with pancreatic insufficiency.

In totally pancreatectomized patients breath 14CO2 excretion after ingestion of 14C-labeled triolein was significantly increased by a granulated pancreatic enzyme preparation and was reduced when pectin was added to the enzyme supplement. In the same patients pectin reduced trypsin, lipase, and amylase activities of jejunal aspirates after a test meal supplemented with pancreatic enzyme substitution, which was shown to give good enzyme activities in the intestine. In patients with chronic pancreatitis, breath 14CO2 excretion was reduced by wheat bran, which also caused a reduction in lipase and amylase activities of duodenal aspirates after a test meal. The findings demonstrate the efficiency of treatment with a granulated pancreatic enzyme preparation in restoring intraluminal enzyme activities and fat absorption in patients with pancreatic insufficiency. They also show that pectin and wheat bran may induce fat malabsorption and inhibit digestive enzyme activities in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of magnesium trisilicate and kaolin-pectin on the bioavailability of trimethoprim.

Variability in the bioavailability of orally administered trimethoprim due to Magnesium trisilicate and Kaolin-pectin has been investigated. The concentration of trimethoprim in blood was determined spectrofluorometrically at 0, 15 and 30 minutes and 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours. The area under the blood concentration curve of trimothoprim was significantly decreased, when the drug was given concurrently with magnesium trisilicate or kaolin-pectin. The mean decrease in maximum blood concentration of trimethoprim in magnesium trisilicate and kaolin-pectin treated groups was 49.94% and 29.42% respectively. The data suggest that a clinically significant interaction may occur due to concurrent administration of trimethoprim with these drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Reduction of post-prandial insulin needs by pectin as assessed by the artificial pancreas in insulin-dependent diabetics.

The efficacy of a moderate amount (7 grams) of apple pectin in diminishing post-prandial insulin needs in insulin dependent diabetics (IDD) has been tested using an artificial pancreas in a sequential analysis. With this method, only four patients who served as their own control, showed significant reductions in insulin requirement of 3 Iu with pectin after a 60 g carbohydrate mixed meal. The use of pectin cut by 35 per cent the post prandial insulin demand. The patients judged the treatment as acceptable. More prolonged use in IDD is advisable.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of pectin on secretion in pig jejunal loops challenged to enteropathogenic E. coli or enterotoxin (LT). A preliminary report.

Perorally administered pectin in pigs could reduce the fluid accumulation in intestinal loops challenged to different dilutions of enteropathogenic E. coli strains, no effect was observed to enterotoxin (LT) preparations. Pectin seems to interact with the bacterial colonization. The neutralizing effect was most pronounced with low inoculation doses in the loops (10(3) and 10(5)), while high doses (10(9)) permitted the strains to exert their enteropathogenic effect (Table I). Different batches gave different effects (Table II) and some preparations were extraordinarily effective (Table III). Thus standardisation and testing is important in developing pectin preparations for diarrhoea prophylaxis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prophylactic use of pectin in chronic lead exposure in industry].

An effect was studied of lead on certain physiologic, hematological and biochemical parameters in workers engaged in the lead-acid cell manufacture, as was a prophylactic action of pectin in the aforementioned groups of persons. Elimination of lead from the organism was found to be on the increase after the intake of pectin-vitamin preparation (PVP, 3-4 g daily for one month), with the above parameters returning to normal. It is recommended that regular courses of pectin prophylaxis be delivered under control of adequate tests and levels of lead in indicator biological media if we are to achieve a maximal effect in prevention of chronic lead poisoning.

Chronic Disease↗