SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PASTEURELLA”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Electron microscopic description of glycocalyx and fimbriae on the surface of Pasteurella haemolytica-A1.

Several electron microscopic techniques were used to examine the surface of cells of Pasteurella haemolytica (biotype A, serotype 1) grown in vitro. All methods showed the presence of a very extensive glycocalyx on logarithmic phase (6 h) cells grown in liquid media. The anionic glycocalyx of these cells stained well with ruthenium red, but collapsed during dehydration for electron microscopy unless stabilized with specific antibodies. When the same techniques were used to examine cells in the stationary phase (18 h) the glycocalyx was much reduced. Large numbers of fimbriae were seen on both 6 h and 18 h cells grown in fluid media without shaking. In summary, logarithmic phase cells of P. haemolytica have both fimbriae and extensive anionic glycocalyx at their surface and we suggest that either or both of these structures may be important in the colonization of the bovine respiratory tract and the subsequent pathogenesis of Pasteurella pneumonia.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for bovine antibody (IgG) to Pasteurella haemolytica.

The sensitivity of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for bovine IgG serum antibody to Pasteurella haemolytica was compared with that of an indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test. Pasteurella haemolytica serotypes were grown in a chemically defined cell culture medium, and soluble antigens released into the growth medium were used in the ELISA and IHA test. An ELISA with serotype-1 antigen consistently detected antibody in sera that were positive by IHA test (correlation, 99%). Sera reacting with serotype-1 ELISA antigens also reacted with ELISA antigens prepared from other serotypes. Although ELISA titers averaged 5 log2 units higher than IHA titers, plots of titers determined by the 2 methods were approximately linear. Titer increases detected in paired serum samples by either test were similar. The ELISA was more sensitive than was the IHA in detecting colostral IgG antibody in serum of newborn calves. The ELISA uses a simple, stable antigen preparation and detects antibody to P haemolytica serotypes that commonly infect cattle.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

[Chemically defined and partially defined media for pasteurella multocida and pateurella hemolytica].

Two culturing recipes were suggested for Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella haemolytica, one partialy defined nutritive defined nutritive medium with 0.5 per cent yeast extract and one chemically defined medium. Both had been composed on the basis of studies into nutrient demand and into the effects of complex nutritive substrates. Both nutritive media are applicable also to culturing other bacterial species. (Among the strains tested so far were streptococci, staphylococci, Escherichia coli, pseudomonas, protest, Salmonella,, Shigella, and Haemophilus.)

Bacteriological Techniques↗

PubMed1988

Acute mastitis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy caused by Pasteurella haemolytica in a cow.

Pasteurella haemolytica was found to be the cause of acute mastitis, toxemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy in a cow. Intensive treatment with antibiotics and fluid and heparin administration failed to reverse the progression of the disease, and death resulted. Necropsy revealed extensive evidence of consumptive coagulopathy, as well as mastitis. Pasteurella haemolytica rarely has been implicated as a cause of mastitis in cows.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Differentiation of "Pasteurella" and "Actinobacillus" from Enterobacteriaceae" by use of the O/129 vibriostatic agent (author's transl)].

Out of 134 Pasteurella and Actinobacillus strains studied, 132 are found to be susceptible to the O/129 vibriostatic agent with growth inhibition diameter ranging from 10 to 42 mm (86% in the range 25 to 32 mm); 46 reference strains of Enterobacteriaceae including Yersinia are resistant to the O/129 vibriostatic agent. This test can quickly differentiate between typical or atypical Enterobacteriaceae and the genus Pasteurella or Actinobacillus.

Actinobacillus↗

PubMed1985

Hemorrhagic septicemia: naturally acquired antibodies against Pasteurella multocida types B and E in calves in the United States.

Antibodies against Pasteurella multocida capsular types B and E, which cause hemorrhagic septicemia, were demonstrated in a high percentage of sera from domestic feeder calves. Since the calves had not been vaccinated with any Pasteurella organisms, the antibodies were considered to be naturally acquired. The antibodies were demonstrated by passively immunizing mice and by indirect hemagglutination and agglutination tests. Sera from 81% (44 of 54) of the calves protected mice that were challenge exposed with a capsular type B organism, and sera from 91% (49 of 54) of the calves protected mice that were challenge exposed with a capsular type E organism. Indirect hemagglutination and agglutination tests demonstrated antibody in nearly all sera. Since capsular type E organisms have been isolated only in Africa and there is only 1 report of capsular type B isolation from cattle in the United States, these organisms were not considered likely sources of the antigenic stimulation that provoked production of these antibodies.

Agglutination Tests↗

PubMed1985

Comparison of serological techniques to measure antibody to Pasteurella haemolytica A1.

Analysis of 45 sera was performed employing five techniques which are currently in use in three laboratories to measure anti-Pasteurella haemolytica antibodies. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, passive hemagglutination, complement fixation and direct and indirect bacterial agglutination assays were employed and a relationship between tests in the measurement of anti-P. haemolytica antibodies was demonstrated. Regression analysis together with prediction and confidence intervals were tabulated also. The conclusion drawn from statistical analysis was that all five tests are similar in their ability to detect immune responses (antibody and antigen(s) interactions) to Pasteurella haemolytica.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Effects of experimentally induced Pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia on the pharmacokinetics of erythromycin in the calf.

Pneumonic pasteurellosis was produced experimentally in 3- to 4-month-old Holstein bull calves by bilateral intrapulmonary administration of 5 X 10(7) to 10(9) colony-forming units of Pasteurella haemolytica. Of 8 calves, 4 developed minor pulmonary changes, 1 died of an apparent bacteremia within 24 hours, and 3 developed extensive pneumonic changes. At 1 week before (1 dose) and at 48, 60, and 72 hours (3 doses) after Pasteurella administration, the calves were given erythromycin at a dosage of 15 mg/kg, and the pharmacokinetic values were determined. There were statistically (P less than or equal to 0.05) significant increases in the distribution and elimination rates associated with pneumonia. The elimination half life decreased from 132.7 +/- 9.6 minutes in prepneumonic calves to 111.1 +/- 13.8 minutes and 99.7 +/- 2.6 minutes in calves with minor and with moderate pneumonic changes, respectively. There also was a decrease in apparent volume of distribution with pneumonia. Erythromycin tissue concentrations were determined 2 hours after the last dose was given to the calves with pneumonia. Tissue concentrations in the pneumonic lung areas were as high or higher than those in nonaffected lung tissues in the same animals. Because of the increased rate of elimination from serum in pneumonic calves, it may be advisable to use shorter dosage intervals in calves with severe respiratory tract disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

[Pulmonary infection with Pasteurella multocida in an immuno-deficient patient (author's transl)].

A seventy-seven-year-old woman, under intermittent treatment with chlorambucil for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, developed acute pneumonia (diffuse interstitial pneumonitis) due to Pasteurella multocida. No direct traumatism had been caused by her cat. Bacteriologic study material was obtained by guided transtracheal distal bronchial brushing and washing. Therapy with tetracyclin was rapidly successful. Pasteurella multocida is an opportunistic organism which can be responsible for severe infections in high-risk patients.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Interaction of bovine respiratory syncytial virus and Pasteurella haemolytica in the ovine lung.

The potential synergistic effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Pasteurella haemolytica in the production of pneumonia after aerosol/intranasal infection of conventionally reared lambs was evaluated. A mild clinical response was observed in lambs given virus and/or bacteria. Gross pulmonary lesions were seen in 3 of 6 lambs given RSV and then P haemolytica 3 or 6 days later, respectively (groups D and E), and in 1 lamb of 5 given virus and bacteria simultaneously (group G). Gross lesions were not seen in control sheep (group A), in lambs given virus or bacteria alone (groups B and C), or in lambs exposed to bacteria and then virus 3 days later (group F). Bovine RSV and P haemolytica were recovered from the lungs of 5 of 7 lambs with macroscopic lesions. Gross pulmonary lesions were cranioventral firm areas of red consolidation. Microscopically, the predominant lesion was a suppurative bronchopneumonia. Bovine RSV was recovered from the nasal cavity of 8 of 27 (30%) lambs given RSV during days 3 to 6 after viral inoculation, including 1 lamb in group B, 2 in groups D, E, and F, and 1 in group G. Pasteurella haemolytica was recovered from the nasal cavity of 9 of 28 (32%) inoculated lambs, including 2 lambs from groups C and E, 3 in group D, and 1 in groups F and G. Viral antigen, as determined by immunofluorescence, was concentrated mainly in individual cells in alveolar walls, some alveolar macrophages, and a few bronchiolar epithelial cells. In vitro alveolar macrophage assays indicated decreased numbers of Fc receptors on those macrophages collected from lambs given RSV 6 days before P haemolytica infection, as compared with that in the other groups. These cellular defects disappeared after 24 hours of culture. Seemingly, bovine RSV does facilitate P haemolytica pulmonary infection in conventional, immuno-competent lambs and provides evidence for decreased Fc receptors on alveolar macrophages.

Aerosols↗

PubMed1984

Interactions of cold stress and Pasteurella haemolytica in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis in calves: method of induction and hematologic and pathologic changes.

Six healthy neonatal calves were chilled with cold water and had focal tracheitis induced by spraying 5% acetic acid into the tracheal lumen. Subsequently, 20 ml of sterile saline solution was injected intratracheally. The effects of these interventions on total and differential white cell counts, plasma cortisol, histamine, and bradykinin, hematocrit, total plasma solids, and indices of the erythrocyte size and hemoglobin content were determined over the subsequent 12 hours. Cold stress increased plasma cortisol levels for less than 1 hour, but did not alter any other variable. This group of calves served as a control group for a second series of neonatal calves which were given 2 X 10(9) organisms of Pasteurella haemolytica intratracheally immediately following an identical period of chilling and acetic acid exposure. Calves given P haemolytica became neutropenic. There were increased numbers of circulating band neutrophils by 12 hours after exposure, and serum cortisol values were maintained at the same or greater than cold stress concentrations for all measurement periods subsequent to exposure. Infected calves had acute fibrinous pneumonia from which P haemolytica was isolated. Contrary to previous reports, these data may indicate a role for the neutrophil in the pathogenesis of early lesions of pasteurellosis. Although the association of circulating corticosteroids with stress and subsequent infection is clear, our data provide no evidence to indicate that circulating histamine or bradykinin are involved in the pathogenesis of the acute lesions of Pasteurella pneumonia.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Interactions of cold stress and Pasteurella haemolytica in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis in calves: changes in pulmonary function.

Thirteen healthy neonatal Holstein calves were cold stressed twice by hosing with cold water for 20 minutes, 12 hours between hosings. Measurements of the pattern of ventilation [tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (f), minute ventilation (VMIN), and functional residual capacity (FRC)], gas exchange properties of the lungs [alveolar ventilation (VA), oxygen uptake (VO2), CO2 production (VCO2), dead space ventilation (VD), dead space/tidal volume ratio (VD/VT), arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) and alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (AaDO2)] and of the mechanical properties of the pulmonary system [dynamic compliance (Cdyn), pulmonary resistance (RL), and total respiratory system resistance (RRS)] were taken. Calves responded to chilling by increasing VO2 and VCO2 necessitating an increase in VA. This was accomplished by increasing VT with reciprocal decreases in f so that VMIN remained constant. There was no change in Cdyn, RL, or AaDO2. Seven of these 13 calves were then exposed to intratracheal inoculation of 2 X 10(9) organisms of Pasteurella haemolytica, the remaining calves serving as controls. Within 1 hour, calves exposed to P haemolytica had increased VMIN, f, VD/VT, and VD. There was a decrease in PaO2 associated with increased AaDO2, but no change in PaCO2, Cdyn or RL. By 3 hours after inoculation, there were pronounced changes in PaO2 and AaDO2, and Cdyn was reduced below base-line values. By 12 hours after inoculation, calves infected with P haemolytica had increased RL and RRS and PaCO2, in addition to the previously mentioned changes. Data from Pasteurella-exposed calves indicate that gas exchange impairment and peripheral lung injury occur rapidly and that increases in airway resistance develop relatively late in the disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Serum and colostrum antibody to Pasteurella species in dairy cattle.

A survey of antibody to Pasteurella haemolytica and P multocida, using a fluorometric immunoassay, was conducted on sera collected from 264 dairy cattle from 3 herds. Serum antibody titers to P haemolytica were 0 to 270 with low titers (less than 25) seen in 48.1% of the cows and heifers. Serum antibody titers to P multocida were 0 to 380 and the frequency of distribution of these titers were more even than for P haemolytica. Mean serum antibody titers to P haemolytica were significantly (P less than 0.005) higher in cattle from an open dairy herd when compared with those from 2 closed herds. Antibody titers to these organisms was determined in 7 colostrum samples. Pasteurella haemolytica antibody titers varied, depending on the whey separation technique used. Passive transfer of colostrum-derived antibody in 5 neonatal calves resulted in a maximum mean serum antibody titer at 20 hours after birth for P haemolytica and at 8 hours after birth for P multocida. Serum titers were higher overall for P multocida than for P haemolytica. Serum titers for P haemolytica declined rapidly. A significant (P less than 0.05) increase in antibody to P multocida was observed at 5 days of age.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Growth phase-dependent phagocytosis of Pasteurella haemolytica by bovine pulmonary macrophages.

The ability of the bovine pulmonary macrophage (PM) to phagocytize Pasteurella haemolytica in its logarithmic and declining phases of growth was characterized. Pulmonary macrophages were harvested from bovine lungs before and after their in vivo exposure to P haemolytica. The PM from each lavage period phagocytized P haemolytica in the declining phase of growth. However, P haemolytica in the log phase of growth was not phagocytized by PM from any of the lavage periods. Instead, PM exposed to P haemolytica in the log phase of growth had altered cellular morphologic features and were cytolytic. Pasteurella haemolytica in the log phase also inhibited phagocytosis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by PM. This inhibition of phagocytosis, as well as morphologic alterations, was evident in PM cultures exposed to P haemolytica for less than 1 minute.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[Drug-resistance markers from Salmonellae in Pasteurella multocida].

A transfer of resistance was effected of S. haidelberge strain, having 7 medicinal resistance markers, onto 2 Pasteurella multocida strains No. 10 and Vladislavovo. In strain No. 10 were found 20% of recombinations, whereas in Vladislavovo their number was 10%, hence the different pasteurella strains can be recipients at a higher or lower degree. The recombinations obtained are not stable and during their short conservation in bouillon they spontaneously get rid of the markers of resistance acquired.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗

PubMed1982

Evaluation of seven commercial oxidase test products with Pasteurella.

Seven commercial oxidase reagents were tested with 50 isolates each of Pasteurella multocida and P haemolytica. Each group of organisms consisted of a variety of serotypes from many locations and animal sources. Pasteurella multocida and P haemolytica were expected to be 90% oxidase-positive; however, only 2 commercial reagents were positive for greater than 90% of P multocida isolates. These were the Taxo N Dics and the Bacto-Differentiation Discs Oxidase. Only the Taxo N Discs were positive for greater than 90% of P haemolytica isolates. The 5 other commercial reagents demonstrated a variety of results. Pathotec Cytochrome Oxidase Strips were not positive with any of the 100 isolates tested. Correlation was not observed between dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine vs tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine and the percentage of positive reactions.

Bacteriological Techniques↗

PubMed1981

[Problems in using radioactively labeled bacteria in animal experiments. 4. Distribution of activities in the mouse following intratracheal administration of labeled Pasteurella multocida].

Intratracheal administration of 3H-labelled, 14C-labelled, 59Fe-labelled or 125J-Labelled Pasteurella multicida germs to mice resulted in more or less differentiated, nuclide-dependent, distributions of radioactivity in blood, spleen, liver, lung, kidney, and gastro-intestinal tract. All distributions were comparable to those following subcutaneous application. Elimination of antigen from lungs and other organs could be characterised by an e-function, once a certain level of distribution had been reached. Some of the antigen was persistent in the lung not less than 14 days. Extremely high activity concentration and persistence was recordable, following the use of 59Fe complete antigen. Phagocytosis of Pasteurella multicida germs through alveolar macrophages of the lung was secured by autoradiography. Most of the antigen seemed to be discharged from the lungs through the digestive tract. Antigen distributions recorded from immunised and non-immunised mice seemed to suggest that the fate of antigen applied was affected by the kind of immunisation. No difference in antigen distribution between non-immunised and subcutaneously immunised animals were recordable, following intratracheal antigen application, but is was clearly recordable, following intratracheal immunisation. Elimination of antigen from the lungs of intratracheally immunised animals was found to occur faster than it did from non-immunised animals.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Bovine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemotactic response to Pasteurella haemolytica or zymosan-activated serum.

The chemotactic influence of Pasteurella haemolytica and of products of its growth was evaluated in vitro, using bovine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in an underagarose migration assay system. Pasteurella haemolytica was cultured, quantitated, killed, and lysed by freeze-thawing. The PMN directional migration toward P haemolytica lysate was not significantly (P less than 0.9) different from spontaneous random PMN migration. Also, there was no chemotactic effect of viable 6-hour cultures of P haemolytica when tested in the in vitro underagarose system. Directional migration (1.70 +/- 0.53 mm) of PMN to zymosan-activated pooled bovine serum was observed and determined to be significantly (P less than 0.001) greater than was spontaneous random PMN migration (0.84 +/- 0.21 mm).

Animals↗