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Results for “Ovulation Detection”

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PubMed1981

A prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. II. The effectiveness phase.

A five-country prospective study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of the ovulation method of natural family planning. After successful completion of a teaching phase of three cycles, 725 subjects entered a 13-cycle effectiveness phase and contributed 7514 cycles of observation. The overall cumulative net probability of discontinuation for the effectiveness study after 13 cycles was 35.6%, 19.6% due to pregnancy. Pregnancy rates per 100 woman-years calculated using the modified Pearl index were as follows: conscious departure from the rules of the method, 15.4; inaccurate application of instructions, 3.5; method failure, 2.8; inadequate teaching, 0.4; and uncertain, 0.5.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The value of ultrasound, gonadotropin, and estradiol measurements for precise ovulation prediction.

The exact prediction of ovulation is becoming more important in the management of infertile women. Graafian follicle diameter, measured by ultrasound and plasma follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and estradiol levels were compared retrospectively as predictors of ovulation in 14 normal women in whom ovulation was dated by conventional ultrasound techniques. Follicle diameter was found to be a better predictor of the anticipated time of ovulation than endocrine estimations for short-term as well as long-term predictions in normal women. The relationship between follicle diameter and plasma estradiol for each day before ovulation was linear but contained a great amount of scatter, suggesting that the assessment of normality of follicular development in infertile women may not be possible with the use of these parameters.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1982

Prediction of human ovulation by rapid luteinizing hormone (LH) radioimmunoassay and ovarian ultrasonography.

Accurate prediction of the time of ovulation is essential for the recovery of a mature oocyte for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge can be considered the most reliable hormonal change closely related to ovulation. With the use of a rapid LH assay and ovarian ultrasonography, it now appears possible to predict quite accurately the time of ovulation, provided that these technologies are appropriately applied. Therefore, we have used a newly standarized rapid (3-hour) LH radioimmunoassay (RIA) for serial estimation of preovulatory serum LH surge. So far, 21 women have come to our center daily during their 5-day preovulatory period. Blood samples were taken daily every 3 to 5 hours between 7:00 A.M. and 11:00 P.M. Ovarian ultrasonic scans were performed one to three times daily depending on the day of the cycle and the serum LH level. Data show that there is a significant variation in the mean preovulatory follicular size, in the duration of the LH surge, and in the time interval between the initial rise of LH surge and the estimated time of ovulation. Results obtained from six women studied during two to four cycles indicate that each woman has a distinctive hormonal and ultrasonic pattern that appears to be reproducible. Thus it is recommended that such a pattern be appropriately evaluated before attempting laparoscopy for recovery of a mature human oocyte.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Volumetric self-sampling of cervicovaginal fluid: a new approach to ovulation timing.

Cervicovaginal fluid that accumulates in the upper vagina and posterior fornix can be quantitatively correlated with the presumably fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. With a newly developed Volumetric Vaginal Aspirator that women self-administer, cervicovaginal fluid can be sampled on a daily basis and the sample volume or sample weight recorded. In a total of 18 cycles from 7 different subjects there was a striking 3- to 30-fold increase in sample volume or sample weight above early follicular phase levels that preceded the shift in basal body temperature (BBT) at midcycle. The maximum of sample volume or sample weight near midcycle was defined as "Volume Peak" or "Weight Peak." The magnitude of the Volume Peak or Weight Peak varied in the individual subjects and was between 400 and 1500 microliters or mg. The Volume Peak or Weight Peak generally occurred 1 to 2 days before or on the day of presumptive ovulation. With the BBT shift to luteal phase levels, the sample volume or sample weight sharply declined to early follicular phase levels. The results suggest that changes in sample volume or sample weight of cervicovaginal fluid measured with the self-applicable Volumetric Vaginal Aspirator can be used as an objective basis for approaches to natural family planning and for the assessment of optimal conditions for conception.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Temporal relationships between indices of the fertile period.

The intra- and interwoman variation in nine physiologic or biochemical indices of the fertile period has been studied over 58 menstrual cycles from 13 experienced users of the symptothermal method of family planning by periodic abstinence. The time and duration of a possible fertile period have been determined by five methods (symptothermal, cervical mucus, basal body temperature plus calendar calculation, defined changes in the concentration of estrone-3-glucuronide and the ratio of estrone-3-glucuronide to pregnanediol-3 alpha-glucuronide as determined by immunochemical tests on daily samples of early morning urine). The values were compared with a period of probable fertility (day of urinary luteotropin [LH] peak -3 to day of LH peak +2). The duration of the possible fertile period by each method (mean +/- standard deviation) was 13.4 (2.9), 11.9 (2.9), 11.8 (3.3), 9.3 (2.2), and 10.9 (2.3) days, respectively, while the percentage of the probable fertile periods covered entirely by each approach was 98%, 91%, 90%, 83%, and 84%, respectively. The results warrant the initiation of clinical trials to ascertain the practical value of the individual or combined tests for family planning and the management of infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Time relationships between basal body temperature and ovulation or plasma progestins.

The basal body temperature (BBT) curve and the estimated time of ovulation, defined by the onset of gonadotropin preovulatory discharge, were analyzed in 38 spontaneous cycles. The BBT nadir was usually located at the beginning of the luteinizing hormone surge, and the first high point was 8 hours after ovulation, which was itself usually at the time when the temperature passed 37 degrees C. This temperature rise was related to the increases in plasma progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone with 24 to 36 hours' delay. The BBT was found to be an unreliable technique for precise ovulation timing but would be of use if the clinical precision required for the diagnosis of ovulation were less.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1984

Cervical mucus peroxidase is a reliable indicator for ovulation in humans.

This study was designed to establish whether fluctuation in cervical mucus peroxidase concentration correlates with the cyclic pattern of the menstrual cycle hormones in the human female. Forty healthy, normal-cycling women between the ages of 19 and 29 years were chosen for the study. Blood samples and cervical mucus were collected on days 6, 9 through 15, and 17 through 19 of the menstrual cycle for three consecutive cycles in each volunteer. Blood estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels were quantitated by radioimmunoassay, and cervical mucus peroxidase concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically. The data showed that in the typical menstrual cycle the mucus peroxidase peak was reached immediately prior to the luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone surge and coincided with the estrogen peak. Consistent data in three consecutive menstrual cycles in each volunteer led us to postulate that the mucus peroxidase peak during the menstrual cycle precedes the ovulatory period in the normal healthy woman.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A prospective study of the preselection of the sex of offspring by timing intercourse relative to ovulation.

The relationship between the sex of offspring and the time interval between coitus and ovulation/fertilization has been prospectively investigated in 33 pregnancies using the rise in luteinizing hormone in the early morning urine, the peak cervical mucus symptom, and the shift in basal body temperature as indicators for ovulation. Reference to the peak cervical mucus symptom showed a significant association of conception of a male child with longer intervals (greater than 2 days) between coitus and fertilization (P less than 0.03). However, while a similar trend for male conceptions was evident when the duration of sperm survival was determined by reference to each of the other two indicators of ovulation, the relationship was not significant. The results clearly refute the theory that intercourse close to ovulation favors male conceptions. While the findings are consistent with the contrary theory, it may be premature to conclude that a male child is more likely to be conceived if coitus takes place several days before ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The prediction of ovulation: a comparison of the basal body temperature graph, cervical mucus score, and real-time pelvic ultrasonography.

Ninety-five menstrual cycles were studied in 20 women undergoing donor artificial insemination (AID). In 49 cycles basal body temperature (BBT) changes were charted daily and both daily cervical mucus scoring (modified Insler score) and daily realtime ultrasonography (USS) were performed from day 11 to ovulation. AID was performed only on the day of follicular rupture. A control group, not subjected to USS, were inseminated two to three times per cycle over 46 cycles in the periovulatory period. The Insler score was found to be a reliable indicator of follicular development and rupture. The BBT was found to be less reliable than the Insler score or USS. While USS may be used to confirm follicular development, the Insler score is reliable and less costly.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1985

A new method for predicting and confirming ovulation.

Evaluation of a method for predicting and confirming ovulation by measurement of vaginal and salivary electrical resistance (VER and SER) was the purpose of this study. Eighteen menstrual cycles from 13 subjects were analyzed. A clearly defined nadir in VER at day 0, the day of the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak, followed by a pronounced increase the following day was observed. A peak in SER was consistently observed 5 to 6 days before day 0. The correlation coefficient (r) between the cycle day of the SER peak and cycle day of the LH peak was 0.94. After the peak in SER, values were low for several days but increased 1 to 2 days before the LH peak. Results indicate that monitoring of SER and VER may provide the basis for a simple method for predicting and confirming ovulation.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMed1985

An estrogen test to determine the times of potential fertility in women.

Defined changes in the concentration of estrone glucuronide in daily samples of early morning urine have been used to locate the limits of the fertile period and the time of maximum conception probability during 118 cycles (106 menstrual, 12 conceptional) in 73 women. The peak day of urinary luteinizing hormone was used as an index of ovulation. Follicular growth was monitored daily by ultrasonography throughout 38 cycles, and the time of maximum follicular diameter was used as an alternative reference point to define the times of potential fertility according to the life spans of the gametes. With optimized algorithms and the best index of ovulation, the estrogen test delineated the limits of the fertile period in 89% of the tests (mean length, 10.8 days; range, 5 to 17 days) and the time of maximum conception probability in 82% of the cycles, with a mean time to the maximum follicular diameter of 0.42 days (range, -4 to +4 days).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of infertility because of oligoasthenoteratospermia by transcervical intrauterine insemination of motile spermatozoa.

Fifty-three couples with longstanding infertility, the woman being potentially fertile and the man having poor-quality semen, were admitted to a therapeutic trial. A high intrauterine instillation of a washed motile fraction of spermatozoa from the subfertile man was performed in the woman on the day of ovulation. After 130 treatment cycles, 9 of the 53 women had conceived, all within 3 cycles. This simple and painless procedure can be considered an alternative treatment in oligoasthenoteratospermia.

Female↗