Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “MITRAL VALVE STENOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of severe rheumatic submitral valve stenosis.

The submitral apparatus may play a predominant role in rheumatic mitral stenosis and should be evaluated aggressively with Doppler echocardiography, especially in patients in whom percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy is being considered. The following case presents a patient with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis in whom some noninvasive clues alerted us to the presence of predominant submitral stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Long-term results of open mitral valve reconstruction for mitral stenosis.

Open mitral reconstruction for rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) was performed in 120 patients, 101 women and 19 men, aged 22 to 75 years (mean 49). Nine patients were functional class II, 106 class III, 5 class IV; 13 only underwent noninvasive studies, including echocardiography, before surgery, while 107 had preoperative cardiac catheterization studies. The latter showed a mean valve area of 1.09 cm2 and a pulmonary artery wedge to left ventricular mean diastolic gradient of 14 mm Hg. Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in all patients for open reconstruction under direct vision. Superior commissurotomy was done in 115 patients, inferior in 114, papillary muscles were incised and chordae lengthened in 39 and calcium was excised from valve leaflets in 23. Suture or ring anuloplasty was not required in any patient. The series was begun January 1972 and terminated in January 1984. Personal follow up was conducted in July 1984. There were no operative deaths in the 120 patients. There were 5 late deaths, all from noncardiac causes. The mean follow-up time was 53 months. The actuarial probability of survival at 10 years was 95 +/- 2%. Thromboemboli occurred in 9 patients; the probability of freedom from thromboemboli at 10 years was 91 +/- 3% and the linearized rate was 1.8%/patient-year of follow-up. Reoperation was required in 9 patients, an absolute incidence of 7.5% and an annual incidence of 1.7%/patient year. At 10 years the probability of freedom from reoperation was 84 +/- 5%.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed2003

Asymptomatic cor triatriatum incidentally revealed in an elderly patient with mitral stenosis.

A case of mitral stenosis accompanied by asymptomatic cor triatriatum, underwent surgical correction, including excision of the diaphragm in the left atrium and mitral valve replacement with a 27 mm St. Jude Medical mechanical valve. A preoperative transthoracic echocardiogram disclosed a linear structure in the left atrium which was suspicious for cor triatriatum, which was confirmed by computed tomography (CT scan) and cardiac catheterization. Cardiac catheterization revealed: 1) mitral valve stenosis of 0.9 cm2 of estimated mitral area, 2) division of the left atrium into two chambers by a diaphragm, that might have multiple ostia; blood flow from the common pulmonary venous chamber to the true left atrium seemed to be unrestricted, and all four pulmonary veins opened into the common pulmonary venous chamber, 3) there were no other apparent cardiac anomalies believed to coexist with cor triatriatum. Preoperative examinations is important for determination of operative strategies.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Catheter balloon valvuloplasty of the mitral valve in adults using a double-balloon technique. Early hemodynamic results.

Catheter balloon valvuloplasty (CBV) using the double-balloon technique was performed on 12 symptomatic patients (mean age, 43 years) with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis. Two dilatation balloons were used in which the diameters approximately equaled the mitral valve anulus diameter as determined. After CBV, the mean mitral valve gradient decreased in all patients (mean +/- SD, 16 +/- 6 to 5 +/- 2 mm Hg), the mean left atrial pressure decreased (29 +/- 7 to 16 +/- 4 mm Hg), and the cardiac output increased (4.4 +/- 1.2 to 5.5 +/- 1.4 L/min). The mitral valve area increased from 1.0 +/- 0.3 to 2.4 +/- 0.8 cm2. Oximetry demonstrated small left to right shunts of pulmonary to systemic flow ratios of 1.4:1 and 1.3:1 in two patients. Mitral regurgitation did not increase. Gradual decreases in mean pulmonary artery pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance were recorded over the subsequent 24 hours. Our patients left the hospital two days after CBV. The New York Heart Association Functional Class improved in 11 of 12 patients. We conclude that CBV using the double-balloon technique effectively relieves mitral valve obstruction, reduces elevated pulmonary pressures, and reduces symptoms in selected adult patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic determination of mitral valve area in adults with mitral stenosis.

Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography has been shown to be a reliable and accurate method of measuring stenotic mitral valve orifice area. Little data exist on the role of two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for this purpose. Thus in 45 adult patients with mitral stenosis mitral valve area was determined by direct planimetry with the use of two-dimensional transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography. Transesophageal was less feasible than transthoracic echocardiography in the 45 patients (69% vs. 89%, p < 0.025). In 14 patients, two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography was not feasible, primarily because of leaflet dropout. In 30 patients, transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography were feasible, and measurements of mitral valve area by the two techniques correlated well (r = 0.91, SEE = 0.33 cm2, p < 0.0001). Mean mitral valve orifice area determined by transesophageal echocardiography (1.54 +/- 0.75 cm2; range 0.56 to 3.49 cm2) and by transthoracic echocardiography (1.55 +/- 0.78 cm2; range 0.62 to 3.68 cm2) did not differ (p = NS). The absolute (0.24 +/- 0.22 cm2) and percent (19% +/- 21%) differences between mitral valve area determined by transesophageal versus transthoracic echocardiography were small. These data show that mitral valve area in patients with mitral stenosis can be accurately measured by direct planimetry with two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. Technical refinements such as lateral-gain-compensation features may improve the feasibility of two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography for measurements of mitral stenosis area, and this technique may become an adjunct to transthoracic echocardiography in the assessment of severity of mitral stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Balloon valvuloplasty for critical aortic stenosis in a low birth weight baby with tracheoesophageal fistula.

The use of valvuloplasty in low birth weight infants with valvular aortic stenosis has not been widely reported. We report a 1556 g 3-day-old female infant with complex heart disease including critical valvular aortic stenosis, bicuspid aortic valve, mitral stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, and secundum type atrial septal defect. She also had esophageal atresia with a distal tracheoesophageal fistula and trisomy 18. Balloon valvuloplasty was considered to be more dangerous in this patient than in infants with simple critical aortic stenosis without other associated anomalies or low birth weight. Retrograde aortic balloon valvuloplasty was done carefully with the patient intubated and mechanically ventilated. We successfully dilated the stenotic aortic valve, which resulted in a dramatic decrease of the left ventricular pressure from 139/12 mm Hg to 81/11 mm Hg. Despite the high operative risk and poor prognosis, balloon valvuloplasty may be the first feasible step towards the survival of low birth weight infants with valvular aortic stenosis.

Aortic Valve Stenosis↗
PubMed1977

Effect of additional valve lesions on left ventricular ejection time in aortic stenosis.

Rate-corrected left ventricular ejection time was measured from the aortic pressure tracings of 171 catheterised patients with aortic valve area less than or equal to 1.2 cm2. In 50 patients with pure aortic stenosis, left ventricular ejection time in increased with decreasing valve area and was significantly higher (468 +/- 5 ms, mean +/- SEM) than in 13 normal subjects (435 +/- 5 ms). Additional aortic regurgitation in 72 patients further increased the left ventricular ejection time to 484 +/- 4 ms. Significant mitral stenosis (mitral valve are less than or equal to 1.2 cm2) in 6 patients with aortic stenosis and 33 patients with aortic stenosis and regurgitation reduced the left ventricular ejection time to normal. Similarly, severe mitral regurgitation in 3 patients with aortic stenosis and regurgitation reduced left ventricular ejection time to normal, though slight or moderate mitral regurgitation in 4 of these patients did not. These data show that the prolonged left ventricular ejection time in aortic valve disease may be restored to normal in the presence of coexisting significant mitral disease.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1994

Value of exercise Doppler-echocardiography in patients with mitral stenosis.

The value of exercise Doppler-echocardiography was studied in 60 patients with mitral valve stenosis. Patients were divided in three groups. In patients with a mitral valve area of more than 1.4 cm2, maximal and mean diastolic gradient over the mitral valve increased from 13.2 +/- 3.6 to 18.4 +/- 5.4 and from 5.2 +/- 1.9 to 8.8 +/- 3.0 mmHg, respectively. In patients with a mitral valve area in between 1.0 and 1.4 cm2, maximal and mean gradient increased from 19.0 +/- 8.0 to 28.1 +/- 8.9 and from 8.8 +/- 4.9 to 14.8 +/- 6.4 mmHg, respectively. In patients with a mitral valve area of less than 1 cm2, the maximal gradient increased from 21.5 +/- 5.8 to 34.2 +/- 8.7 and mean gradient increased from 11.8 +/- 4.1 to 20.3 +/- 5.8 mmHg. Mean tricuspid regurgitation velocity increased from 2.9 +/- 0.5 m/s to 3.6 +/- 0.5 m/s, indicating increase in right ventricular to right atrial pressure difference from 34 mmHg to 52 mmHg. We conclude that exercise during the Doppler-echocardiographic evaluation provides additional information about the hemodynamic significance of mitral stenosis and can therefore be of value in decision making.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mitral valve prolapse in rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Four adult women with histories of rheumatic fever and clinical findings of mitral stenosis and regurgitation had echocardiograms demonstrating moderately severe mitral stenosis (EF slope less than 20 mm/sec, mean left atrial size 3.0 cm/m2, mean anterior mitral leaflet excursion 25 mm) as well as typical mitral valve prolapse. Three patients underwent cardiac catheterization which confirmed the presence of mitral stenosis, as well as systolic prolapse and excessive scalloping of the mitral valve with no visible mitral calcium and no coronary artery disease. One patient had associated mild aortic stenosis and regurgitation. Two patients underwent mitral valve surgery which revealed anterior and posterior commissural fusion consistent with rheumatic disease and intact chordal apparatus. Both leaflets were large and the anterior leaflets were redundant. There were no vegetations. Pathology revealed myxomatous degeneration of the valve leaflets. In the absence of heavy calcification and thickening, the presence of mitral stenosis with commisural fusion does not exclude the possibility of a redundant mitral valve. When these entities coexist, systolic clicks may be absent.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Jaccoud's syndrome. A case report].

The study concerns a 44 year-old male patient with a history of intermittent episodes of rheumatic activity; the physical examination showed mitral valve stenosis and metacarpophalangeal joint deformities. The joint deformities were bilateral and symmetrical, similar to that of rheumatoid arthritis. Nevertheless, the ulnar deviation of the hands was reversible and there were no typical signs of rheumatoid arthritis in the X-ray. In view of the facts, the diagnosis of Jaccoud's Artrhopathy (JA) was made. The pathogenesis, the clinical features and the association between mitral valve stenosis and joints deformities of JA are discussed. This disease has a good prognosis and it is sparsely mentioned in the cardiologic literature. Many patients with JA are diagnosed as having rheumatoid arthritis, which is a chronic and disabling disease.

Adult↗