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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Laboratory evaluation of a new repellent camouflage face paint.

A combined formulation of the U.S. Army's camouflage face paints and the new extended duration topical insect/arthropod repellent was tested on human volunteers to determine repellency and duration of protection (2-12 h) against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi. Under laboratory conditions (27 degrees C and 80% RH), the face paint/repellent formulation provided > or = 95% repellency or better for up to 6 h for Ae. aegypti and 8 h for An. stephensi. An analysis of variance showed no significant differences in the repellent efficacy of the 4 camouflage colors: white, green, loam, and sand.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Another weapon too far: the anti-personnel laser.

The last decade has seen the development of military lasers designed to blind. Medical professionals dedicated to the prevention and treatment of visual disability, and particularly ophthalmologists under the terms of their newly acquired Royal Charter, have a responsibility to: document this new technology; explain its medical effects; and influence the threshold at which these weapons might be used. Proposals to prohibit anti-eye laser warfare at The United Nations Convention Conference in September 1995 present a unique opportunity to stigmatize blinding as a method of warfare.

Blindness↗
PubMed1994

United States Air Force head-up display control and performance symbology evaluations.

The United States Air Force has conducted an extensive research effort to determine the most effective way to present aircraft control, performance, and navigation information on the head-up display (HUD). The primary objective of the research was to develop a standard HUD symbology set to be used as a primary flight reference for fighter-type aircraft during instrument meteorological conditions. This paper summarizes the research conducted by scientists in the Visual Orientation Laboratory at the Flight Motion Effects Branch of the Human Systems Center's Armstrong Laboratory. Five experiments that examined various control and performance symbology elements are reviewed. Suggested standardization guidelines based on experimental findings are discussed, including the following: the use of counter-pointers for airspeed and altitude indicators, vertical and horizontal asymmetry for climb/dive ladder configurations, a ghost horizon, analog vertical-velocity information, energy management symbology, and quickening for climb/dive markers.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1994

3-dimensional auditory displays: development, applications, and performance.

Virtual or 3-D audio display technology has become a reality. This type of system has the capability of synthesizing signals presented over headphones that give the user the illusion that the sound is emanating from some external location. The development of this technology, its applications, and its performance in both laboratory and flight test situations are presented. Potential fighter aircraft applications include threat location warning, wingman location indication, spatially separated multi-channel communications, and audio target location indications. The laboratory performance data show an average localization error in azimuth of approximately 5 degrees, a minimum audible angle of approximately 5 degrees, and a speech intelligibility improvement of up to 28%. Flight test results demonstrated successful audio cued target acquisition, a subjective decrease in target acquisition times, a subjective improvement in speech intelligibility, a subjective increase in situational awareness, and a subjective decrease in pilot workload. A summary of both laboratory and flight test results is presented in addition to recommendations for future research.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1993

[Improvement in the combat and special training of the medical service].

The analysis of the existing system of training shows that it has accumulated a certain number of organizational, practicoscientifical, methodical and program-informational problems that need to be solved. Alterations must be made first of all in the whole organizational and program-methodical plan, that will considerably change the elements of structure and the proper contents of combat and special training in medical service. The basic elements of these changes are the following: to assure the continuity between the training and practical work of medical officers in peaceful time and war period; to regard the basic (fundamental) training on clinical and other subjects as a key task of training in the higher military medical establishments; to provide the officers' skill training on the basis of complex qualification tasks; to create methodical cabinets (and more later simulator centers) in each unit or establishment; to form the training centers of medical staff on the basis of internship; to create a basic laboratory of new methods of training and medical education on the basis of Military Medical Division in the Russian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education.

Curriculum↗