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PubMedDate not supplied

Success or survival. Redeploying strategic assets to maximize their value.

As capital sources dry up, hospitals should consider restructuring their finances to maximize the value of current assets, to achieve greater cost efficiency, and to fund new businesses and services that will generate new revenues. Strategic asset redeployment consists of analyzing assets; plans for new business development, equipment, and real estate acquisitions; and the impact on the budget. Hospitals are leasing more frequently to finance new equipment and property, but they are also looking at existing equipment and property to determine whether refinancing through a sale/leaseback makes sense. Also, before a hospital decides to offer a costly new service, such as magnetic resonance imaging, an impartial analysis should first determine the market for and the financial feasibility of the service. Once a service is determined to be viable, the term of the financing should match the life span of the project.

Capital Financing↗
PubMed2006

Buying and leasing real estate for veterinary hospitals.

The major factors to be considered in the real estate purchase decision are the interest rate, the depreciation schedule, the property appreciation, the income tax impact, and the impact of paying a principal payment as part of the real estate mortgage. All these factors must be compared with the costs of leasing.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Mining hidden value through strategic real estate plans.

Healthcare providers can get the most from their real estate investments if they manage them strategically rather than view them as a cost of doing business. Organizations that develop strategic real estate plans can optimize the cost-effectiveness of their assets, reduce operating costs, and create cash through disposition strategies. The cost-effectiveness of assets can be optimized by using off-balance-sheet financing structures, such as outright sale, sale-lease-back arrangements, synthetic leases, and beneficial occupancy agreements. Opportunities for cost reduction can be found by conducting operations, administrative, and maintenance reviews and cost-segregation studies. Cost-reduction efforts also should focus on ensuring space is used in the most productive manner possible and that the organization pays no more than the minimum required property tax. Disposition strategies should begin with inventorying real estate assets to identify surplus assets. Such assets then can be moved off the balance sheet or converted into commercial or public uses.

Capital Expenditures↗
PubMed2002

Landlords as partners for promoting success in supported housing: "it takes more than a lease and a key".

This paper examines the potential value of working with landlords and property managers to promote success in supported housing for people with psychiatric and addictive disabilities. The authors argue that relationships with landlords can promote tenants' housing stability, rehabilitation, social integration, and success in community living. A case history of the program is used to describe efforts to develop working relationships with landlords. It concludes presenting a model for how tenants, housing programs, and service providers can collaborate with landlords.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Tensile properties of free films cast from aqueous ethylcellulose dispersions.

Free films of two commercially available formulations of aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion differing only in plasticizer content (Sure-lease/E-7-7050 without silica and E-7-7060 containing dibutyl sebacate and glyceryl tricaprylate/caprate as plasticizers, respectively) were cast and coalesced at temperatures ranging between 30 and 70 degrees C. Mechanical properties of these films were measured using tensile stress analysis. Three mechanical parameters, namely, tensile strength, work of failure, and elastic modulus, were computed from the load-time profiles of these films. The results showed that the tensile strength and elastic modulus values of the films cast from both formulations increased with the corresponding increase in coalescence temperature up to 60 degrees C, beyond which no significant differences were observed. In the case of work of failure, however, the difference between the two formulations was observed above 60 degrees C. The films cast from Surelease/E-7-7050 formulation without silica (dibutyl sebacate as the plasticizer) were relatively softer than those from Surelease/E-7-7060 formulation (glyceryl tricaprylate/caprate as the plasticizer). At coalescence temperatures above 50 degrees C, the films cast from both formulations exhibited temperature-dependent plastic deformation.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1997

[The status of research in dentistry].

Discusses the problems of market relationships in Russian dentistry and insurance medicine: various forms of intellectual property, the market of equipment and materials for dentistry, such forms as lease contract or working place lease. The authors emphasize the contribution of the intellectual potential to the development of novel equipment and materials and clinical methods.

Academic Dissertations as Topic↗
PubMed2004

Principles and perspectives.

BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: With respect to the enormous increase of chemical production in the last decades and the tens of thousands of individual chemicals on the market, the permanent improvement of chemical management is a permanent target to achieve the goals of sustainable consumption and production set by the WSSD in Johannesburg 2002. MAIN FEATURES: Several approaches exist to describe sustainability of chemistry. However, commonly agreed criteria are still missing. There is no doubt that products of modern chemistry help to achieve important goals of sustainability and that significant improvements have occurred regarding direct releases from production sites, but several facts demonstrate that chemistry is far from being sustainable. Still too many chemicals exhibit hazardous characteristics and pose a risk to health and environment. Too many resources are needed to produce chemicals and finished products. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Therefore, a strategy for sustainability of chemistry should be developed which comprises the following main elements: 1. Sustainable chemicals: sustainable chemical management includes a regulatory framework which makes no difference between new and existing chemicals, contains efficient information flow through the supply chain which allows users to handle chemicals safely and offers an authorisation procedure and/or an efficient restriction procedure for substances of high concern. This regulatory scheme should promote the development of inherently safe chemicals. 2. Sustainable chemical production: Sustainable chemical production needs the development and implementation of emerging alternative techniques like selective catalysis, biotechnology in order to release less CO2 and less toxic by-products, to save energy and to achieve higher yields. Information exchange on best available techniques (BAT) and best environmental practices (BEP) may help to promote changes towards more sustainability. 3. Sustainable products: An integrated product policy which provides a framework for sustainable products promotes the development of products with a long-term use phase, low resource demand in production and use, low emission of hazardous substances and properties suitable for reuse and recycling. This may be promoted by eco-labelling, chemical leasing concepts and extended information measures to enhance the demand of consumers and various actors in the supply chain for sustainable products. RECOMMENDATION AND PERSPECTIVE: Important tools for the promotion of sustainable chemistry are the abolition of barriers for innovation in legislation and within the chemical industry, more transparency for all users of chemical products, a new focus on sustainability in education and research, and a new way of thinking in terms of sustainability.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1999

Indoor air quality and the law in Singapore.

With the greater use of air-conditioned offices in Singapore, achieving good indoor air quality has become an important issue. The laws that impose duties upon designers and contractors with respect to the design and construction of air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) systems are set out in the Building Control Regulations and the Singapore Standard Code of Practice for Mechanical Ventilation and Air-conditioning in Buildings (hereinafter "SS CP 13:1980"). ACMV maintenance is governed by the Environmental Public Health Act, the Building and Common Property (Maintenance and Management) Act, and the Land Titles (Strata) Act, as well as by lease or tenancy agreements. Designers, contractors, developers, building owners and management corporations may also be liable to the workers, occupants and other premises users for indoor air quality (IAQ)-related injuries under the general principles of contract and tort. Recently, the Guidelines for Good Indoor Air Quality in Office Premises was issued by the Ministry of Environment to complement SS CP 13:1980 toward improving the indoor air quality of air-conditioned office premises. Although the Guidelines have no statutory effect, they may be adopted as contractual requirements in construction, lease and maintenance contracts. They may also be used to determine the relevant standard of duty of care required to discharge tortious liability. This paper looks at the existing laws and rules affecting the design, construction and maintenance of air-conditioned offices in light of Part III of the Ministry's Guidelines.

Air Conditioning↗
PubMed1986

Reproductive technology and the law in Canada.

Even leaving aside the question of the impact of reproductive technology on property law, successions, commercial law and the legal qualification to be given to some of the relationships it entails (e.g. 'deposit' of genetic material, 'lease and hire' of wombs, 'gifts' of embryos), there is no doubt that, like the discovery of the atom, no other scientific advance portends such an enormous potential for human benefits or harm. No other scientific advance will so affect the personal, intimate life of the individual person in its public or private aspects. Beginning then with the positive law (Part I), we will attempt to trace, albeit summarily, possible legal approaches to reproductive technology in Canada and to conclude with an overview of proposed reforms (Part II).

Canada↗
PubMed1975

The ophthalmologist's office: planning and practice. Property and casualty insurance.

This chapter is primarily an overview of the physician's need for insurance; of necessity, it is not a detailed examination. Each individual physician should review personal insurance needs thoroughly with a reputable insurance agent, handling property and casualty insurance, and a life insurance agent with respect to need for life insurance and accident, sickness, and medical insurance. As mentioned earlier in this chapter, an attorney should review any lease for office space or any lease that the physician might have with tenants of a building that he or she owns. The attorney can advise as to one's liability exposure, and the professional insurance agent then can provide the necessary insurance program to cover exposure to that risk. One final comment. Insurance policies are imortant papers: They should always be protected.

Insurance↗
PubMed2005

Chemical leasing: cooperative business models for sustainable chemicals management. Summary of research projects commissioned by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management.

BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: Chemicals play a vital role in the day-to-day life of industrialised societies. Their use is not restricted to the chemical enterprises per se, but is a crucial part of production processes in a lot of industrial sectors. Traditional instruments of environmental policy (such as bans, restrictions) can only deal with the most hazardous substances. The Johannesburg Implementation Plan of 2002 calls for more sustainable patterns of production and consumption, and sets the year of 2020 as a goal to use chemicals in a way that human health and the environment are not endangered. Political instruments should not only gather more knowledge about the properties of chemicals, but should also stimulate the environmentally sound use of chemicals. Existing business models should therefore be reviewed in relation to this strategic approach to encourage marketing options with respect to the environmental focus. MAIN FEATURES: Business models were examined for their effects on the consumption of chemicals and amount of waste emissions in relation to their economic potential. Different possibilities for cooperation of supplier, user and disposal companies were elaborated and examined with a view to the specific situation in Austria. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A range of cooperative models--summarised under the term 'chemical leasing'--was identified, which can contribute to a more efficient use of resources. 12 main possible application areas (cleaning, lubrication, paint stripping and others) have been identified in Austria. If chemical leasing models were applied in these areas, the amounts of chemicals currently used could be reduced by one third (53,000 tonnes per year). Cost reductions of up to 15% can be expected. CONCLUSION: The application of chemical leasing models can contribute considerably to achieving more sustainable and resource-efficient patterns of production. The Austrian Ministry for Environment has therefore decided to subsidise the further practical implementation of these new service-oriented business models. Pilot projects in 4 enterprises, which are supervised by consulting companies, are currently being carried out. RECOMMENDATION AND OUTLOOK: The experiences of the pilot projects will serve as valuable building blocks for the wider use of chemical leasing models. Furthermore, the UNIDO Cleaner Production Centres have expressed their clear interest and will examine the possibility to use chemical leasing as a part of their Cleaner Production Programmes.

Austria↗
PubMed1993

Aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion of ethylcellulose. I. Evaluation of coating process variables.

Formulation and process variables play an important role in the film-forming properties of coating polymers. Three selected independent coating process variables, namely, percent solids content in the coating polymeric dispersion, inlet-air temperature, and spray rate of the polymeric dispersion, were investigated in this study to determine their effect on the performance characteristics of tablets coated with a plasticized aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion (Sure-lease) in a fluid-bed equipment. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to study the complex relationship between these process variables and selected response variables. Three response variables were considered, namely, rate of drug release from the "untreated" coated tablets and the "thermal-treated" coated tablets and microindentation hardness of the untreated coated tablets. A 12-point factorial experimental design was utilized, and three-dimensional (3-D) response surface plots were generated using a second-order polynomial model. The model provided information needed to predict optimal process conditions. Drug release from the coated tablets followed zero-order kinetics. Inlet-air temperature was found to be the most critical process variable for all the three response variables studied. A correlation was observed between the drug release rate and the microindentation hardness of the applied polymeric coat in the case of untreated coated tablets. The 3-D response surface plots indicated that lower rates of drug release from the coated tablets may be obtained by using high inlet-air temperature and low spray rate of the polymeric dispersion during coating.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1981

Partial reversion of the transformed phenotype of murine sarcoma virus-transformed cells in the presence of interferon: a possible mechanism for the anti-tumour effect of interferon.

The effect of interferon (IFN) on a series of cellular properties which characterize the transformed state was studied, using normal mouse fibroblasts (both established lines and embryo cells) and cloned derivatives transformed by murine sarcoma virus. It was found that the transformed cells behaved in a more normal fashion in the presence of IFN. This was indicated by reduction in saturation density, decreased DNA synthesis in crowded cultures, decreased formation of foci on monolayers of normal cells, and decreased growth in soft agar. These effects were not due to generalized inhibition of cell growth, since IFN had little effect on the growth and cloning efficiency of the cells used. In the presence of IFN, cellular morphology also appeared more normal. These results suggest that growth control of transformed cells may be at lease partly restored by IFN, an effect which could in part account for the anti-tumour effect of IFN

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Inhibitory effect of the Korean herbal medicine, Dae-Jo-Whan, on platelet-activating factor-induced platelet aggregation.

The anti-thrombic properties of the Korean herbal medicine, Dae-Jo-Hwan (DJW) were investigated. Water extracts, a 70% methanol (MeOH) extract and an ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction (III) from DJW inhibited platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo assays. The extracts of DJW and eleven herbs from which it is derived, except for Panax ginseng Meyer, Angelica sinensis (OLIV.) DIELS and Schisandra chinensis Baill., inhibited AA-induced blood platelet aggregation to various extents. The effects observed with total DJW was synergistic over-additive rather that additive since the sum of single contributions was lower than the effect of the total extract. Fraction III was specially protected against the lethality of PAF, while verapamil did not afford any protection. Exogenously applied arachidonic acid (AA) (100 microM) led to a 89% platelet aggregation, the release of 14 pmol of ATP, and the formation of either 225 pg of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) or 45 pg of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), each parameter being related to 10(6) platelets. An application of DJW 5 min before AA, dose-dependently diminished aggregation, ATP-re lease, and the synthesis of TXA2 and PGE2, with IC(50) values of 70, 87, 65 and 72 microg/ml, respectively. The similarity of the IC(50) values suggests the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) by DJW as the primary target, thus suppressing the generation of TXA2, which induces platelet aggregation and the exocytosis of ATP by its binding on TXA2-receptors. These results indicate that DJW shows anti-thrombotic action on human platelets and inhibits the action of PAF in vivo by an antagonistic effect on PAF. Therefore, it may be useful in treating disorders caused by PAF.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Riboregulation by DsrA RNA: trans-actions for global economy.

DsrA is an 87 nucleotide Escherichia coli RNA with extraordinary regulatory properties. The profound impact of its actions stems from DsrA regulating translation of two global transcription regulators, H-NS and RpoS (sigmas), by sequence-specific RNA-RNA interactions. H-NS is a major nucleoid-structuring and global repressor protein, and RpoS is the stationary phase and stress response sigma factor of RNA polymerase. DsrA changes its conformation to bind to these two different mRNA targets and thereby inhibits H-NS translation, while stimulating that of RpoS in a mechanistically distinct fashion. DsrA apparently binds both the start and the stop codons of hns mRNA and sharply decreases the mRNA half-life. DsrA also binds sequences in the 5'-untranslated leader region of rpoS mRNA, enhancing rpoS mRNA stability and RpoS translation. A cohort of genes, governed by H-NS repression and RpoS activation, are thus regulated. Low temperatures increase the levels of DsrA, with differential effects on H-NS and RpoS. Additionally, the RNA chaperone protein Hfq is involved with DsrA regulation, as well as with other small RNAs that also act on RpoS to co-ordinate stress responses. We address the possible functions of this genetic regulatory mechanism, as well as the advantages of using small RNAs as global regulators to orchestrate gene expression.

Escherichia coli↗