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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Pregnancy, labor and the puerperium in women with genital malformations].

An account is given of pregnancy, puerperium, and labour of 49 women of whom the majority had malformations of the uterus varying in extent. Most of these uterine malformations were detected from occurrence of intrapartal complications. Therefore, presence of malformation not yet known should be an assumption, whenever disorders occur right after birth.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1980

[The diagnostic value of petrous bones in the fetal scalp (author's transl)].

We studied the orientation of the petrous bones in the fetal scalp in 200 X-ray pelvimetries. It is easy to measure the petrous bones' orientation when the fetal scalp is studied with Thoms view. It is possible to measure the height of the head in the pelvis in the lateral view. We have been able to measure asynclitism in flexion using a calculating machine. It seems to us that these findings are useful for the practical conduct of labour and can be of helpful prognostic value.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Shoulder dystocia. A complication of fetal macrosomia and prolonged second stage of labor with midpelvic delivery.

Shoulder dystocia is an infrequently encountered obstetric emergency varying in incidence from 0.15 to 0.60% of all deliveries. Previously identified risk factors include maternal obesity, previous infants weighing greater than 4 kg, maternal diabetes, and fetal macrosomia (greater than 4 kg). To evaluate the role of prolonged second stage of labor (PSS) as a warning sign for shoulder dystocia, 9864 deliveries at LAC-USC Women's Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Ninety percent delivered vaginally and 4.89% had PSS with midpelvic delivery. Shoulder dystocia occurred in 0.37% of all vertex vaginal deliveries. In the absence of PSS and midpelvic delivery, the incidence of shoulder dystocia was 0.16%. However, with PSS and midpelvic delivery, the incidence of shoulder dystocia was 4.57% (P less than 0.01). Infants weighing in excess of 4 kg were at increased risk of shoulder dystocia compared with infants weighing less than 4 kg. When PSS occurred and midpelvic delivery was attempted, the incidence of shoulder dystocia was 21% in infants weighing in excess of 4 kg; 8% had had failed vaginal delivery. All shoulder dystocias and failed vaginal deliveries occurred after use of the vacuum extractor. Immediate neonatal injury was apparent in 47% of infants with shoulder dystocia after PSS with midpelvic delivery. There were no maternal or fetal deaths related to shoulder dystocia during the study period.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1981

Maternal positions in labor: analysis in relation to comfort and efficiency.

The influence of maternal position during labor on comfort and uterine efficiency was studied by contrasting the influence of sitting in a chair with lying on the side during the first stage of labor. Nineteen primigravidas alternated between these two positions at 30 minute intervals for as long as this was possible during their labors. There was a significant difference in their preference to sit up during early labor (less than 6 cm dilation) and lie on their side during late labor (greater than 6 cm dilation). Uterine efficiency, however, was significantly less (p less than 0.05) in early labor in the sitting position than on the side. After labor was well established, ie after 6 cm dilation, the efficiency of uterine contractions to dilate the cervix was not significantly different between the 2 positions although it was less in the sitting position. The lateral recumbent position was accompanied by more efficient labor and was preferred by most women in late labor. Localization of pain and fetal position also seem to be associated with maternal position preference, and both factors require further investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Efficacy of pelvimetry.

One hundred and fifty-four pelvimetry examinations were reviewed. The study suggests that radiographic pelvimetry is of little prognostic value and that decision for cesarean section is usually based on clinical factors.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1980

X-ray pelvimetry in clinical obstetrics.

X-ray pelvimetry has been used in obstetrics for over 80 years, but its clinical usefulness remains uncertain. Review of 101 consecutive x-ray pelvimetries obtained by Brown's modification of the Colcher-Sussman technique demonstrated the anteroposterior measurements to be of no value in predicting the eventual method of delivery. However, a transverse of the inlet of less than 13.0 cm and a transverse of the midpelvis of less than 10.0 cm were each associated with an increased frequency of operative delivery. In 94 cases no new information was obtained by x-ray pelvimetry; in the other 7 patients the information obtained was equally accessible by either ultrasonography or abdominal scout film. The authors conclude that x-ray pelvimetry by the technique used in their institution has very limited usefulness in clinical obstetrics.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1993

Vaginal delivery from the persistent occiput posterior position. Influence on maternal and neonatal morbidity.

We performed a retrospective study of 564 vaginal occiput posterior (OP) deliveries to investigate the influence of this position on maternal and fetal morbidity. The cases were compared to 1,068 controls matched for race, parity and delivery method. The OP group had a higher incidence of severe perineal laceration and episiotomy than the occiput anterior (OA) group. Within the OP group, operative delivery was associated with a higher incidence of severe perineal laceration, vaginal laceration and episiotomy than was spontaneous delivery. Similarly, the OP group delivered by forceps had a higher incidence of severe perineal lacerations, vaginal lacerations and episiotomy than those delivered by vacuum extraction. Mediolateral episiotomy was associated with a lower incidence of severe perineal lacerations than median episiotomy during delivery from the OP position. The infants delivered from the OP position had a higher incidence of Erb's and facial nerve palsy than did those delivered from the OA position. All these injuries occurred following forceps delivery. Vaginal delivery from the persistent OP position is associated with increased maternal morbidity, and operative vaginal delivery from this position is associated with increased neonatal morbidity.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1993

[Pregnancy without medical monitoring: obstetrical and neonatal prognosis. A retrospective study of 88 cases].

Unregistered and unmonitored pregnancies account for 0.2 to 0.6 p. cent of all pregnancies. They essentially concern young, single, primiparous mothers from disadvantaged social backgrounds. Labour and delivery are generally without difficulty but the neonatal prognosis is impaired by a high proportion of premature and underdeveloped infants, often requiring a long stay in a pediatric unit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Pattern of descent of foetal head in normal labour.

The phenomenon of foetal head descent and the effect of station of foetal head at admission on the course of labour were studied on the basis of a prospective partographic study in 100 cases of normal labour. Only 16.9% of nulliparous women had engaged foetal head at admission in labour. Engagement of foetal head occurred during the period of maximum slope of cervical dilatation in nulliparous women and at the onset of deceleration phase in multiparous women. Parturients with unengaged foetal head entered hospital much earlier in labour than those with engaged foetal based. Course of labour was uninfluenced by the degree of engagement of foetal head. However, multiparous women showed faster rate of foetal head descent than nulliparous women (p < 0.001) and women with lesser haemoglobin concentration demonstrated slower rate of descent of foetal head (p < 0.01).

Adolescent↗