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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[The treatment of bone lesions in myelomatosis (author's transl)].

41 patients suffering from a bone lesion due to myelomatosis were treated (32 multiple myelomata and 9 solitary myelomata). Diagnosis was established by biopsy in 9 cases. In 8 cases there was compression of the spinal cord or of a spinal root. 15 pathological fractures were treated by fixation and bony union was always obtained. In 7 other cases, fixation was used to prevent fracture and 2 patients had a total joint prosthesis. It is concluded that the treatment of the bony lesions of myelomatosis is comparable to that of bony metastases but the average survival is much longer.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Experiences with primary osteosynthesis in radial head fractures].

Displaced fractures of the radial head are indications for early surgery. The resection is unsatisfactorily leading often to an instable elbow in valgus deformity and to painful troubles in the distal radio ulnar joint. Prosthesis implantation has its own problems. Reconstructive surgery is obviously the best solution. 21 internal fixations in 20 patients were performed using small screws (and 2 plates) between 1968 and 1976. The functional and radiological results are excellent in 15 out of 19 controlled patients. 3 patients have a moderate reduction of the mobility, 1 patient a non-union. -We were impressed by 4 operative observations: The fractures and the displacements use to be unexpectedly important. There is usually a periostal bridge between the head fragments and the neck. That is why complete devitalization of the articular fragments is rare. In about half of our cases we found an important avulsion of the humeral articular cartilage. In 8 of 10 cases these avulsions were interposed in the fragments of the radius. Their removal is necessary for the reduction. -These observations should influence the indication for reconstructive surgery in fractures of the radial head.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Instrumented measurement of human joint motion.

Accurate measurement of human joint motion is essential to the design and evaluation of internal joint prostheses and artificial limb replacements. A triaxial electrogoniometer instrumented by three miniature precision potentiometers was developed to fulfill this task. A special linkage was used to attach this apparatus externally to the joint. Three-dimensional angular motion following the classical Eulerian angle definition was measured in real time. The error due to exoskeletal attachment was corrected by the method of 4 x 4 matrix. This technique is now being routinely used for objective functional evaluation on the patients with abnormal hip, knee and ankle joints as well as lower extremity amputees fitted with artificial limbs.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1976

Massive homogenous osteo-articular bone grafts. Long term results.

The authors present a long term review of thirty cases of massive homogenous bone grafts carried out at the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli between 1967 and 1971. Thirty one of these were either complete or partial diaphyseo- articular grafts. The lesions for which the operations were performed were: twelve giant cell tumours; one Ewing's tumour; two reticulosarcomas; eight osteosarcomas; six chondrosarcomas; one loss of bone substance from trauma, one echinococcosis of the femur and one aneurysmal bone cyst. In some of these cases amputation or disarticulation had been advised but refused by the patient. Follow up three and a half to five years after operation showed complete incorporation of the graft in eight cases, partial incorporation in live, and resorption in four. In the remaining fifteen cases the follow up was terminated by early death, recurrences, infection or intolerance with rejection. In conclusion, the authors recommend that massive osteoarticular homogenous grafts should be confined to the substitution of unicondylar lesions as these offer greater contact with the host bone and therefore a greater possibility of incorporation. The same indications exist in cases involving only diaphyseal substitution where osteogenetic invasion of the graft can occur from both ends. In all the other cases, they recommend either resection arthrodesis or prosthetic replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Purified carbon as a tissue replacement.

Tissue reactivity to carbon cloth, graphite cloth and vitreous carbon in the solid was studied in dogs. The materials were found to be quite inert and caused no inflammatory reaction or sensitivity changes in the dogs' tissues. No unusual changes were noted on the hemopoietic or enzyme systems. The materials are probably the best biocompatible substances known and seem to meet the major criteria for tissue replacements.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A new concept for a metacarpophalangeal prosthesis: consequence on joint biomechanics.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work was to establish whether surface replacement non-constrained prostheses can duplicate the normal biomechanics of the metacarpophalangeal joint. DESIGN: A series of mathematical models. BACKGROUND: A non-constrained prostheses has been designed for the replacement of the metacarpophalangeal joint. It uses the concept of surface replacement in that it attempts to replicate the anatomy of the original cartilage surfaces. The centre of rotation of the prosthesis is also sited at the same position as in the natural joint to maintain the balance between the flexor and extensor tendon forces, such that the prosthesis duplicates the biomechanics of the normal joint. Due to the unique dimensions of each joint that may present for surgery, the four sizes of prosthesis that are available for implantation may not always produce an exact replication of the joint kinematics. These situations were examined to establish whether the biomechanics of the joint can indeed be restored. METHODS: Mathematical models for each size of prosthesis implanted into a range of different sized metacarpophalangeal joints were developed. The prosthetic and cartilage surface profiles were compared and the balance between the tendon forces was examined. RESULTS: Differences in size that may occur between the surface profiles of the normal joint and prosthesis, together with any relocation of the centre of rotation, would have negligible effects on the normal joint biomechanics. CONCLUSIONS: All four sizes of the non-constrained prosthesis can duplicate the normal biomechanics of the joint and hence provide normal function.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1992

A study of Chinese knee joint geometry for prosthesis design.

This study for the first time provides the geometric parameters of the knee joint of Chinese, which is indispensible to the design of knee prosthesis used for compatriotic patients. Thirty-five items, including linear, radial and angular measurements, were taken from 105 cadaveric knees and knee X-ray films of 1,100 subjects. The method and calculation for proper correction of the X-ray image magnification and joint cartilage space was established. Correlation was found to exist between the X-ray correction coefficients and the body weight, which formed the basis for individualized correction of X-ray measurements. Statistical analysis revealed that most of the linear and radial measurements were highly related while the angular measurements were independent of others. Principal component analysis showed that the width of femoral condyle might be taken as the leading index in determining the dimension of the knee, and regression functions were established to supply the serial parameters for prosthetic design. Multivariate discriminate functions could aid the selection of knee prosthesis.

Anthropometry↗