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PubMed1991

A monoclonal antibody defines a geographically conserved surface protein epitope of Babesia equi merozoites.

Babesiosis is a tick-borne hemoparasitic disease affecting horses worldwide. To investigate mechanisms of immunity to this parasite, the antibody response of infected horses to Babesia equi merozoite proteins was evaluated. Immunoprecipitation of B. equi merozoite antigens with sera from infected horses revealed 11 major proteins of 210, 144, 108, 88, 70, 56, 44, 36, 34, 28, and 25 kDa. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) 36/133.97, which binds to live merozoites, immunoprecipitated proteins of 44, 36, 34, and 28 kDa. When immunoprecipitations were performed with in vitro translation products of merozoite mRNA, MAb 36/133.97 immunoprecipitated proteins of 38, 28, 26, and 23 kDa which comigrated with proteins immunoprecipitated by sera from infected horses at 10(-3) to 10(-4) dilutions. In Western blot analysis, MAb 36/133.97 recognized proteins of 44, 36, 34, and 28 kDa, and a 28-kDa protein was identified by sera from infected horses at a dilution of 10(-4). MAb 36/133.97 bound to B. equi isolates from Florida and Europe. Furthermore, the binding of MAb 36/133.97 to merozoite proteins was inhibited by sera of infected horses from 19 countries. Collectively, these data indicate MAb 36/133.97 binds to a geographically conserved peptide epitope on multiple B. equi merozoite proteins, including a merozoite surface protein, and MAb 36/133.97 reacts with a B. equi protein immunodominant in infected horses.

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PubMed1994

Antigenic, morphologic, and molecular characterization of new Ehrlichia risticii isolates.

Ehrlichia risticii causes an acute infectious disease in horses called Potomac horse fever. To investigate the biological diversity of E. risticii organisms, nine E. risticii isolates derived from the peripheral blood monocytes of clinically sick horses in Ohio and Kentucky during the summers of 1991 and 1993 were compared with Illinois and Virginia isolates originally obtained from horses in Maryland in 1984. Seven of the nine isolates (081, 606, 380, 679, As, Co, and Ov) formed large morulae (tightly packed inclusions of ehrlichial organisms). The remaining isolates, including 1984 isolates, were individually dispersed or formed small morulae in the cytoplasm of P388D1 cells. In Western blot (immunoblot) analysis with four equine and one rabbit polyclonal anti-E. risticii sera, these recent E. risticii isolates showed patterns of antigenic proteins distinct from those of the 1984 isolates and could be divided into three groups: (i) 081; (ii) 606, 022, 067, 380, and 679; and (iii) As, Co, and Ov. By indirect fluorescent antibody labeling with two panels of murine anti-E. risticii (Illinois and Maryland isolates) monoclonal antibodies, isolate 081 was not labeled with any of 20 monoclonal antibodies tested. The remaining isolates were not labeled with several monoclonal antibodies. The digestion pattern with one of the restriction enzymes, AvaII, of the PCR-amplified partial 16S rRNA gene of E. risticii from all Kentucky isolates (As, Co, and Ov) was different from that of Illinois, Virginia, and six Ohio isolates. These results indicate the presence of distinct variants of E. risticii which vary significantly in morphology, antigenic composition, and the base sequence of the 16S rRNA gene.

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PubMed2002

Giant right atrial diverticulum in a foal.

A 5-month-old male Thoroughbred foal with a history of chronic septic arthritis of the tibiotarsal joint and recent respiratory distress was euthanized and a postmortem examination performed. A giant diverticulum communicating with the lateral aspect of the right atrial cavity of the heart was observed. Histologically, the wall was comprised of myocardial tissue containing cavernous vascular spaces. There was gross and histologic evidence of right-sided heart failure. Congenital right atrial diverticula are rare anomalies in humans and have not previously been reported in foals.

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