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PubMed1981

[Morphological and endocrinological study of ovarian arrhenoblastoma (author's transl)].

Morphological and endocrinological studies were performed on a 19-year-old case of an arrhenoblastoma with marked virilization. The tumor was an intermediate type of Meyer's classification. Histochemically, 3 beta-HSD and G-6-PDH activities were demonstrated in Leydig cells. These cells also had ultrastructures typical of steroid-producing cells. Basal blood cells of pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), progesterone, estradiol, estrone, LH, and FSH were determined pre- and postoperatively. T and A showed a very high level preoperatively, and were markedly decreased immediately after removal of the tumor. Stimulation of tumor cells by HMG-HCG did not show any significant changes in their main products of T and A. These findings suggest that Leydig cells of the present tumor produced mainly A and T independently on gonadotropins, and these hormones had virilized the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Modification of endocrinologic parameters by total body UV irradiation].

In 49 healthy test persons we measured various endocrine parameters (ACTH, cortisol, prolactin, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, TSH) prior to and after whole-body irradiation with UV light of varying quality and quantity. 60 min after sunlamp and SUP exposure a marked decrease in the average cortisol plasma level appears which is less than the daily circadian variation. After irradiation with a lamp that mainly emits UVA rays these reactions fail to appear. After sunlamp and SUP irradiation also the concentrations of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine show a decrease of 22.1 and 13.7%, respectively, which is, however, statistically significant for triiodothyronine only. ACTH and TSH values remain unchanged. According to these results we can conclude that depending on the quality of rays defined endocrinological reactions are caused. Peripheral "consumption" of these hormones and concomitant insufficient central stimulation are suggested.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1983

The endocrinology of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Discussed in this article are the effects of pregnancy-induced hypertension on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; the possible role of prostanoids, deoxycorticosterone, and deoxycorticosterone sulfate in blood pressure control; and the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension upon the endocrinology of the maternal-fetal-placental unit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Polyneuropathy associated with plasma cell dyscrasia and endocrinological abnormalities--a trial of plasmapheresis].

Plasmapheresis and irradiation of the tumor were performed in conjunction with prednisolone therapy to a severe case of polyneuropathy associated with a solitary sclerotic secreting myeloma and endocrinological abnormalities. The patient was 27-year-old male with progressive history of polyneuropathy of seven months duration. On admission, he was quadriplegic with cranial nerve involvements. Pitting type of generalized edema, skin pigmentation and sensory impairment were also present. Respiratory failure occurred soon after the admission. Plasmapheresis lowered the level of M protein but failed to improve clinical course in the short term. On the other hand, prompt amelioration of clinical symptoms followed the irradiation of the tumor. It is difficult to prove clinical effects of plasmapheresis upon symptoms of chronic polyneuropathy. It is suggested that some humoral factor of myeloma might attribute to this syndrome and secreted at higher rate than our plasmapheresis but easily suppressed by the irradiation of the tumor. We suppose that radiation therapy could be the treatment of the first choice for such a severe case like ours. However, further experiences of plasmapheresis of this syndrome are necessary to determine the effect of plasmapheresis. Some other etiological aspects are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Studies on steroidogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome--endocrinological analysis of follicular fluid and progesterone biosynthesis of cultured granulosa cells].

In order to determine the difference between steroidogenesis in normal and polycystic ovaries (PCO), endocrinological analysis of follicular fluid and monolayer cell culture of human granulosa cells were carried out, and human LH and dibutyryl cyclic AMP were added to the cultures. The concentrations of LH and androstenedione in the follicular fluid from PCO ovaries were significantly higher than those found in normal ovaries in the early and mid-follicular phases. The cultured granulosa cells from the mid-follicular phase of normal women responded significantly to LH, showing an 8 to 10 fold increase in progesterone production. In contrast, exogenous LH caused only a slight stimulation (2 to 4 fold increase) in progesterone production by granulosa cells from PCO follicles. The cultured granulosa cells from normal women and PCO ovaries responded significantly to dibutyryl cyclic AMP, showing an 8 to 10 fold increase in progesterone production. These results strongly suggest that there is no alteration in the steroidogenic pathway after the cyclic AMP stage and that the persistent elevation of LH in serum and follicular fluid may lead to a disturbance of progesterone production in response to exogenous LH in the cultured granulosa cells from PCO ovaries.

Androstenedione↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aarskog's syndrome. Description of a case and endocrinological study].

A 7-year-old male with the Aarskog Syndrome is described. This observation is the seventh of the italian literature. The child had the typical findings of the syndrome: short stature, abnormal facies, short fingers with interdigital webbing, unusual scrotal folds encircling the penis ventrally, cryptorchidism and mild mental retardation. Endocrinological study showed only a reduction of Testosterone secretion attributable to malposition of the testis. The presence of minor abnormalities in the mother is compatible with a "X-linked" recessive transmission or with inheritance of an autosomal gene, dominant in males and recessive in females (sex controlled).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1981

[Premature thelarche and precocious puberty. Clinical findings and endocrinological data useful for differential diagnosis].

Clinical features, urocytogram and gonadotropin response to LHRH (100 microgram/1,73 m2 i.v.) were evaluated in 10 girls with premature thelarche and 4 girls with precocious puberty to purpose to describe the differences between the two diseases. The subjects with Premature Thelarche showed peculiar clinical and endocrinological characteristics which allowed their discrimination from patients with Precocious Puberty: 1) breast development of mild degree without any modification of nipples and areolae and not accompanied by pubic hair or morphologic changes of genitalia; 2) spontaneous regression of thelarche more or less complete (6/10 cases); 3) not anticipation of puberal maturation; 4) growth rate not accelerate (only a mild advancement of statural age was observed); 5) LH/FSH ratio at prepuberal levels; 6) mean LH peak values overlapping to those obtained in normal infants under 1 year of age. Our findings confirm that: 1) the girls with Premature Thelarche showed different growth pattern and clinical features than those observed in the girls with Precocious Puberty; 2) LHRH test and urocytogram are further valuable parameters for the differential diagnosis between Premature Thelarche and Precocious Puberty; 3) the isolated breast enlargement in girls under 8 years of age is likely to originate from a protracted gonadotropin hyperstimulation as in early life; 4) it is a variant of the normal, not difficult to asses, which merits, however further follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Endocrinological studies with (7 alpha, 17 alpha)-17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-norpregn-5(10)-en-20-yn-3-one (Org OD 14).

A novel steroid, (7 alpha, 17 alpha)-17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-norpregn-5(10)-en-20-yn-3-one (Org OD 14), is described which has concomitant weak estrogenic, progestational and androgenic activities. This hormonal profile was demonstrated using various endocrinological tests and the results were evaluated in terms of well-known reference compounds. It has been well established that combinations of estrogens, androgens and progestagens exert positive or synergistic effects on certain target organs, e.g. the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and antagonistic or complementary effects on others, e.g. on the endometrium. Org OD 14 with estrogenic, androgenic and progestational activities can therefore be expected to induce complex effects on various target organs. This explains the observed effects of the compound on hypothalamic-pituitary axis, bone-loss, endometrium and sexual behaviour.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1984

[The normal testis: structure, function and recent endocrinologic advances].

The embryology, the anatomy and the histology of the testis are briefly described. Then, the endocrinology of the organ is explained. Under the influence of pituitary LH, Leydig cells synthetize and release steroids that are principally testosterone. These act on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, on the peripheral target organs and directly on the testis so as to control spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell function. Sertoli cells are implicated in spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and the synthesis of protein hormones and cybernin . Current knowledge about the antimullerian hormone, androgen binding protein, GnRH-like peptide, inhibin, testicular chalone, FSH receptor binding inhibitor and stimulator, PRL inhibiting substance and relaxin is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical examination and endocrinologic diagnosis of male infertility (author's transl)].

The importance of history and the findings of clinical examination is often underestimated in examination for male fertility. From the data so obtained arises the indication for examining the exocrine (spermiogram) and endocrine function of the hypothalamo-hypophysealgonad axis (testosterone, LH, FSH, prolactin, GRH and HCG stimulation tests). The numerous causes of fertility impairment outside the endocrinological field (internal medical and urological diseases, consumption behavior, psychic disturbances, medicines etc) are referred to. The couple seeking help are spared unnecessary deviations through good cooperation between the gynecologist and andrologically oriented disciplines.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endocrinological abnormalities in the neurotic states and in depression (author's transl)].

Endocrinological investigation of depressed patients shows a wide variety of abnormalities, most of them reflecting disturbed hypothalamo-hypophyseal control mechanisms. Reported results however vary widely among investigators reflecting the heterogeneity of the clinical cases and the difficulties of quantifying depression. The authors report data on 1(0) TSH, PRL and HGH secretion after TRH in a group of 19 endogenous depressed patients; 2(0) insulin secretions after a glucose load in endogenous (10 cases) and neurotic (13 cases) depression; 3(0) LH and FSH secretion after LHRH in 10 neurotic depressed men. The results are compared with those reported in the literature. Their possible contribution to the differential diagnosis of neurotic versus endogenous depression is discussed.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1982

Endocrinologic milieu and susceptibility of the rat mammary gland to carcinogenesis.

The incidence of DMBA-induced mammary carcinomas in Sprague-Dawley rats depends upon their previous reproductive histories. Young virgin rats (YV) are highly susceptible to the carcinogen, while old virgin rats (OV) are less susceptible, and parous rats (P) are resistant. The authors performed endocrinologic studies in these three groups of rats in order to determine whether the different susceptibility to carcinogenesis, according to the reproductive history, is or is not related to the hormonal milieu. The pituitary, the ovaries, the adrenals, and the mammary glands were processed for light microscopy. Pituitary prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone cells were immunostained by peroxidase-antiperoxidase and quantitated with an image analyzer. Radioimmunoassays of serum and pituitary PRL and serum estradiol were also done. The results showed no differences in the hormonal milieu of YV, OV, and P rats at the time of carcinogen treatment. Several changes were observed after DMBA administration, the most conspicuous being 1) hyperplasia of pituitary PRL cells, 2) high serum PRL levels, 3) nodular hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex, 4) high serum estradiol levels, and 5) lack of adrenal necrosis in P rats and some OV rats. These modifications did not correlate with the degree of susceptibility of YV, OV, and P rats to carcinogenesis, supporting the concept of the importance of the mammary gland differentiation at the moment of carcinogen administration. (Am J Pathol 1982, 109:47-56).

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1981

Circadian changes of clinical chemical and endocrinological parameters.

It is known that all forms of life possess biological rhythms. The structure of this biological daily periodicity is caused by endogenous and exogenous factors. The reasons of circadian periodicity are endogenous processes, which can be modified by exogenous factors. This review describes the daily fluctuations of concentrations or excretions of haematologic, clinical chemical and endocrinological parameters. In blood and serum the largest daily variations are found for the concentrations of haemoglobin, potassium, iron, cortisol, testosterone, somatotropin, prolactin, adrenaline and noradrenaline. In contrast to the serum concentrations of the electrolytes sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphate, their urinary excretions demonstrate pronounced daily rhythms with amplitudes being twice as high as the daily means. There is a remarkable phase shift of 180 degrees between phosphate and the cations both in the serum concentrations and urinary excretions. A daily rhythm comparable to the urinary excretion of electrolytes, has been measured for the urinary excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol. A constant, well defined timing of the sampling is important for those constituents with a marked daily variation. For numerous parameters very contradictory results have been reported in the literature concerning their daily variations, especially in cases of less pronounced rhythms. For some parameters the reasons for the differences in the observed daily variations are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A follicular adenoma arising from the thyroid tissue of a benign cystic teratoma during pregnancy--lightmicroscopical, ultrastructural and endocrinological studies.

A rare case of follicular adenoma arising from the thyroid tissue of a benign cystic teratoma of the left ovary was described in a 28-year-old, 13 weeks pregnant woman. Histologically, the tumor showed pleomorphic adenomatous patterns; embryonal type, fetal type, simple type and oxyphil type. The final diagnosis of follicular adenoma was established by ultrastructural, immunohistological and endocrinological studies. The patient was successfully operated, delivered of a normal full term male infant and is now under a follow-up study.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Steroidal derivatives. Part 1: some novel steroidal thiosemicarbazones. Their synthesis, anticancer and endocrinological activities.

The synthesis of several novel thiosemicarbazone derivatives of steroids, including estrogens and androgens, is described. Evaluation of the products in P 388 Lymphocytic Leukemia indicated no anticancer activity. The endocrinological screening showed that estrogenicity is slightly reduced but not abolished in the thiosemicarbazones derived from estrone-3-methyl ether (compounds 1, 2 and 4). The androgenic activity of the thiosemicarbazones derived from testosterone (compounds 7--9) was more pronounced than that of testosterone. Among the same thiosemicarbazone derivatives 7--9, only o-tolyl derivative 8 exhibited anabolic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Androgen therapy of impotentia coeundi in elderly men. Psychological and endocrinological investigations (author's transl)].

The aim of the present investigation was to assess impotence in elderly men by clinical, endocrinological and psychological examinations. Altogether 17 patients were treated in a double-blind study with placebo or 75 mg mesterolone per day over 8 weeks. The subjects were aged between 45 and 60 years and suffered from impotentia coeundi. No differences in serum LH and testosterone levels were noted between the start and end of therapy. Similarly, serum LH and testosterone levels in these patients did not differ from those in a control group. These results suggest that the "male climacteric" need not necessarily the associated with alterations in hormone parameters. On the other hand, mesterolone therapy resulted in an improvement in potency and other psychosomatic parameters.

Androgens↗
PubMed1995

[Endocrinological analysis before and after living-related renal transplantation in a patient of Bartter's syndrome].

In order to clarify endocrinological changes before and after living-related renal transplantation in a patient of Bartter's syndrome involving chronic renal failure, serial quantitative determinations of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and 24-hour urinary excretion of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and kallikrein were performed. A male patient was admitted to hospital because of a pale face and short stature at the age of 13 years. He was 126 cm in height (M-3.8SD). Blood pressure was 110/60 mmHg and edema was not observed. Laboratory findings showed that his hematocrit was 22.1%, serum potassium 2.9 mEq/1, creatinine clearance was 30.7 ml/min/1.73m2 and beta 2-microgobulin was elevated to 39.9 mg/1 in urinalysis. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone were remarkably elevated to 24.23 ng/ml/hr and 738 pg/ml, respectively. The kidney biopsy specimen showed diffuse glomerulosclerosis and hypertrophic change of the juxtaglomerular apparatus was also demonstrated. He was diagnosed as Bartter's syndrome with short stature and chronic renal failure. At the age of 18, he was introduced on hemodialysis and the living-related renal transplantation was performed the next year. Two weeks after the transplantation, plasma renin activity, angiotensin, I,II and aldosterone were markedly changed from 37.8 to 2.3 ng/ml/hr, 2400 to 220 pg/ml, 256 to 17 pg/ml and 3700 to 110 pg/ml, respectively. Urine prostaglandin F 1 alpha was improved from 860 to 321 ng/day and kallikrein was also changed from 400 to 25.2 micrograms/day. These results indicated that abnormalities of several hormones in Bartter's syndrome could be normalized by living-related renal transplantation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endocrinological problems in male adolescents].

The male adolescent may present several endocrinological problems, the most frequent of which is the retardation or absence of puberty due to constitutional delay of growth and development. This form does not require therapy and must be distinguished from other forms of hypogonadism (primitive or secondary) by endocrine tests (LHRH test, nightly pulses LH secretion, plasmatic basal level of testosterone and after HCG, cerebral NMR). Hypogonadism treatment consists of replacement therapy with testosterone or testes stimulation with HCG or LHRH. Another frequent disease is gynecomastia, usually due to physiological enlargement of mammary gland during pubertal development, sometimes it may be secondary to hypogonadism, tumors, liver function abnormalities. Severe or psychologically disturbing gynecomastia can be corrected by reductive mammoplasty. Very often, adolescents may present diseases related to incorrect food habits. Obesity is common and anorexia is becoming an important problem also in males.

Adolescent↗