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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Role of S. S. Iudin in the development of emergency anesthesiology at the Moscow Sklifosovskiĭ Research Institute of Emergency Care].

S. S. Yudin was concerned about the problems of anesthesia from as early as the twenties. Under the term "anesthesia" he combined a whole complex of measures including preoperative management, the production of insensibility to pain, and intraoperative treatment and supported in this manner the creation of anesthesiological care, which was organized at the Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care in 1959. The object of all practical and scientific activity of the care was the creation of simple, popular, and effective variants of anesthesia with consideration for the variety of pathophysiological responses. The principal responses are shock, hypovolemia, insufficiency of respiration and gas exchange, inversion of metabolism, intoxication, intracranial hypertension, the compression-dislocation syndrome, and hepatorenal failure. Study of the effect of anesthetics on various organs and systems of the organism made it possible to determine the tactics and methods of anaesthesia for patients with trauma and diseases of the abdominal and thoracic organs, central nervous system, and locomotor apparatus.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1989

Acute respiratory emergencies in emergency treatment of the injured athlete.

Exercise and physical fitness are becoming increasingly popular in our society. As a result there are more individuals who are at risk for the development of acute respiratory emergencies associated with sports and athletics. EIB is a common feature of asthma and is characterized by a postexercise fall in FEV1 of more than 10 per cent. Although a variety of medications have been used for the prevention of EIB, cromolyn sodium and inhaled adrenergic agonists have been shown to be the most effective. EIA and cholinergic urticaria are two physical allergies in which hypotension can be brought on by exercise. In some individuals, EIA develops only in association with the ingestion of a particular food. Associated with sports and recreational activities in alpine areas is the risk of developing acute high-altitude medical problems. One of the most dramatic and potentially life threatening is high-altitude pulmonary edema. The management of this condition can be problematic, particularly if rapid descent to lower elevations is not possible. Although rare, spontaneous pneumothorax and pulmonary emboli do develop in the otherwise well-conditioned athlete. These entities must be considered when the physician evaluates any athlete in whom acute cough and dyspnea develop.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Antenatal emergency call. Indications. Role of the SAMU (Medical Emergency Care Services)].

The increased incidence of antenatal distress calls to the SAMU (emergency medical squad) by pediatric obstetricians in maternity departments (6 times in 5 years) poses the problem of recognizing their indications. Based on case reports of 128 newborns who profited from antenatal assistance, the authors attempt to define the indications. The elimination of student physicians in training for anesthesiology-intensive care, additional participants during SAMU transportation of patients, makes it even more necessary to define these indications accurately so that a single language of communication and procedure may be instituted for all who are involved in this effort.

Emergency Medical Services↗
PubMed1982

[Acute emergency diseases in childhood - emergency measures in practice].

The immediate management of three kinds of emergencies in childhood-unconsciousness, convulsions and acute respiratory failure-is discussed. First of all and in any case it is necessary to assess and reestablish vital, especially cardiorespiratory functions. Most common causes of unconsciousness in young children are dehydration states and acute poisoning, followed by febrile convulsions. Differential diagnosis and first management of subglottic laryngitis and peracute epiglottitis, two severe acute respiratory failures in childhood, are also demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Burn patients in major emergencies. The preparation of air-drop kits for emergency surgical-resuscitation use].

The kit described is for air-dropping for immediate use in the surgical treatment and resuscitation of burn victims in major emergencies when there is no direct access to the disaster area by rescue teams or vehicles. The kit can also be used to make up for deficiencies in medicines or medical materials in remote hospitals that have admitted people with severe burns who are not immediately transferable to other hospitals.

Aviation↗
PubMed1996

[The views and attitudes of the Clinic of Emergency Surgery of the Clinical Emergency Medical Center at the Queen Ioanna State University Hospital on the potentials of surgical endoscopy in upper digestive hemorrhages].

Transendoscopic sclerotherapy of esophageal varix in children and adults is introduced in the clinic of emergency surgery ever since 1973. In children aged 3 to 14 years presenting preportal block a 100 per cent survivorship is recorded 20 years after the manipulation. The outcome of endoscopy in adult patients is successful in 57.69 per cent. Perilesional sclerosing is introduced in the CES in 1982, with a complete and definitive hemostasis attained in 46.7 per cent of the cases. In 1983, transendoscopic electrocoagulation is practically implemented in the CES, with the rate of successfully cured amounting to 55.49 per cent. Having in mind the limitations and contraindications of therapeutic transendoscopic hemostasis in massive hemorrhages, particularly those of ulcerative origin, preference is given to the safer hemostasis by surgical means.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Emergency diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients admitted to the Institute of Emergency Care].

Tuberculosis was first recognized by a phthisiothera-pist in 52 patients and in 3 cases at autopsy at the admission and resuscitation units. Out of 55 patients, 39 (71 +/- 6.1%) were found to have acute, general processes (subacute dissemination and acute military tuberculosis, caseous pneumonia, multiple preliminary extrapulmonary diseases). Six patients died at the Institute, after referral to tuberculosis dispensaries, there were 11 and 9 deaths at months 1 and 6, respectively. Mortality was 47.3 +/- 6.7%. According to the data of emergency x-ray study, the diagnosis to be correct in 87.3 +/- 4.2%. As high as 25% of new cases of tuberculosis were detected at somatic hospitals in 1992 - 1994. Therefore, all patients admitted for pulmonary complaints of general toxic syndrome should immediately undergo X-ray, sputum test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and a phthisiotherapist's examination.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1998

[A survey of "heavy consumers" of emergency care services in Stockholm. Six per cent of the patients accounted for a quarter of emergency consultations].

A small subgroup of patients accounts for a substantial proportion of emergency room (ER) consultations. Of the 479,956 consultations at ER facilities at Stockholm hospitals in 1996, a quarter were accounted for by six per cent of the patients, a subgroup characterised by at least four ER consultations during the year. Some 1,500 patients consulted 12-233 times. Analysis of the care-seeking habits of five extremely heavy ER-facility consumers showed them also to be heavy consumers of other health care services such as primary and tertiary facilities. Since previous studies have shown heavy ER-facility consumers to be a vulnerable subgroup both medically and socially, co-ordination and planning of their care might well be beneficial.

Adolescent↗