Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Dissociative Identity Disorder”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Treatment of multiple personality disorder: a survey of current practices.

OBJECTIVE: Reported cases of multiple personality disorder have increased dramatically in the last decade. Few data are available on the treatment of multiple personality disorder. Current recommendations are based on the experience of individual clinicians rather than on systematic research. METHOD: A questionnaire study of 305 clinicians representing a spectrum of mental health professionals was conducted to survey the types and relative efficacy of treatment modalities currently used with cases of multiple personality disorder. RESULTS: Individual psychotherapy facilitated by hypnosis was uniformly endorsed as the primary treatment by all practitioner groups. The average patient was in twice-weekly psychotherapy facilitated by hypnosis for 3.8 years. Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications were reported to be moderately useful adjunctive treatments. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support current impressionistic treatment recommendations for multiple personality disorder regarding the primacy of psychotherapy and the moderate benefits of psychopharmacology with antidepressant and antianxiety agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Multiple personality disorder following childbirth.

A case of multiple personality disorder is described as a coping mechanism protecting the patient from the abuse to which she was subjected throughout her life. The multiple personalities became more prominent following the birth of a severely handicapped child.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

Hazards to the therapist in the treatment of multiple personalities.

It is vitally important that the therapist be cognizant of the dangers inherent in treating some patients with multiple personality disorder. The authors offer sound, detailed advice on every facet of the clinician's interaction with the patient--from keeping on good terms with each ego state to guarding against physical violence and sexual seduction.

Dangerous Behavior↗
PubMed1994

Multiple identity enactments and multiple personality disorder: a sociocognitive perspective.

People who enact multiple identities behave as if they possess 2 or more selves, each with its own characteristic moods, memories, and behavioral repertoire. Under different names, this phenomenon occurs in many cultures; in North American culture, it is frequently labeled multiple personality disorder (MPD). This article reviews experimental, cross-cultural, historical, and clinical findings concerning multiplicity and examines the implications of these findings for an understanding of MPD. Multiplicity is viewed from a sociocognitive perspective, and it is concluded that MPD, like other forms of multiplicity, is socially constructed. It is context bounded, goal-directed, social behavior geared to the expectations of significant others, and its characteristics have changed over time to meet changing expectations.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1994

The dissociative character: a reconsideration of "multiple personality".

The author has interviewed and reviewed the cases of over 100 patients with a suspected diagnosis of multiple personality disorder (MPD). He finds it clinically useful to think of a continuum of character pathology in which dissociative and defensive altered states predominate. At one end of this continuum is MPD, which he considers a lower-level dissociative character. He redefines dissociation as a defensive altered state, due to autohypnosis, which augments repression or splitting. Depending on the degree of integration of the ego, it may result in a broad range of disturbances of alertness, awareness, memory, and identity. Four vignettes are presented which illustrate a transient hypnoid state, "characterological" dissociation in an upper-level dissociative character, and two cases of MPD, including one emerging in analysis.

Dissociative Identity Disorder↗
PubMed1996

Cataplexy and the switch process of multiple personality disorder.

A case history is presented of an 18-year-old male with dissociative disorder and polysubstance abuse. The patient was observed to switch between three personalities, and the personality changes were often associated with symptoms of cataplexy. Both dissociative episodes and cataplexy are associated with strong affective stimuli. Similar reports in the literature are briefly reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[What do you associate with the word schizophrenia? A study of the social representation of schizophrenia].

This study addresses the social representation of schizophrenia. The analysis is based on a representative survey among the population of the former East German provinces now reunified with formal West Germany as the new "Länder" of the Federal Republic, as well as on a survey among medical students at the Universities of Vienna and Leipzig. For those questioned, the most striking feature of schizophrenia was that of a "split" personality. In this context they assumed the parallel existence of two (or more) personalities in the sense of a multiple personality disorder. This metaphor is interpreted as the result of a concretisation process which is substantially supported by the representation of people with mental illness in literature and the media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Religious psychodynamics in multiple personalities: suggestions for treatment.

A study of God images, personality splits, and religious lives of seven women with multiple personality disorder shows different God images in primary and secondary personalities. Splits in God images reflect the dynamics of personality splits and splits in parental images. Suggestions are made for dealing with religious material in therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Multiple personality disorder.

This paper presents a description of Multiple Personality Disorder--its development, etiology, and presentation. The paper stresses the criteria for diagnosis that can help professionals to identify individuals at an early stage. An overview of treatment approaches and indications for hospitalization, length of treatment, and goals are also explained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Diagnosing MPD with two new Rorschach signs: are the signs valid or are the MPDS atypical?

The validity of newly developed "Splitting" and "Dissociative" signs on the Rorschach for diagnosing multiple personality disorder (MPD) was questioned. It was pointed out that the mean number of Rorschach responses for what were ostensibly patients with MPD was so high as to render the sample atypical. It was suggested that perhaps the Splitting and Dissociative signs were diagnostic of either dissociation in general or MPDs who have experienced decompensation, leading to hospitalization.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childhood trauma and multiple personality disorder: the case of a 9-year-old girl.

This paper reports the case of a 9-year-old girl, evaluated and diagnosed with multiple personality disorder over a 6 month period. Included is a detailed description of the child's presentation with historical and developmental data. A discussion of the dynamic and predisposing features of the case with references to current literature follows, along with treatment perspectives.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Techniques in the treatment of multiple personality disorder.

Multiple personality disorder, once considered to be rare, is being diagnosed with increasing frequency in the 1980s. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss twenty techniques used in the treatment of multiple personality disorder. The primary treatment is psychotherapy but a number of adjuvant interventions are also required. The techniques discussed should be of use to therapists and represent a step towards definition of a treatment package for controlled trials, of which none have been conducted to date.

Abreaction↗
PubMed1984

The etiology of multiple personalities.

This article reviews the four major categories of explanations into the etiology of multiple personality disorder including supernatural, physiologic, psychologic, and sociologic. From these categories and their subdivisions, a series of hypotheses was developed. A paradigmatic description of a typical case of multiple personality was then created from a synthesis of the findings of case history and interview analyses.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Multiple personality disorder: scientific and medicolegal issues.

Despite the intense study it has received since its inclusion in DSM-III, multiple personality disorder (MPD) largely remains an unvalidated construct. Definitional problems remain (there is not even agreement in the field as to whether a diagnosis of MPD truly means the existence of more than one personality), while the vagueness and liberality of existing criteria give the clinician little guidance in diagnosis. In forensic settings, diagnosis of MPD is even more problematic, since there is substantial evidence that the disorder cannot currently be phenomenologically distinguished from malingering. It also remains to be demonstrated that evaluators can determine whether alter personalities, if they exist, are truly unaware of each other, lack control over other alters' behavior, or are unable to know right from wrong.

Dissociative Identity Disorder↗
PubMed1986

Psychosexual disturbances in multiple personality: characteristics, etiology, and treatment.

In a series of 20 patients with multiple personality, there was a 75% incidence of sexual abuse and a 55% incidence of physical abuse during childhood. Six of the 17 female patients (35%) had been raped in adolescence or adulthood. Patients were matched for age and sex with a nondissociative disorder control group. Although 55% of the multiple personality group had psychosexual disturbances, this was just barely significant when compared with the control group. Multiple personality appears to be an adaptive response to various traumata and enables the individual superficially to function sexually because sexual functioning is often dissociated and managed by an alternate personality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Multiple personality and hypnosis: the first one hundred years.

The Enlightenment brought with it a greater scientific interest in and attention to a wider range of human behavior. In 1789, there emerged during the French Revolution a case of what would be today called multiple personality disorder which came under the care of a local physician, Dr. Eberhard Gmelin. Gmelin had only recently become interested in mesmerism and tried this procedure with this patient. So started an ongoing and gradually increasing exploration of the role of hypnosis in multiple personalities. This paper contributes to the historical background of such psychodynamic concepts as dissociation, splitting, repression, consciousness, subconscious, and unconscious.

Dissociative Identity Disorder↗
PubMed1992

The manufacture of personalities. The production of multiple personality disorder.

Unprecedented numbers of cases of MPD have been diagnosed, mainly in North America, since 1957. Widespread publicity for the concept makes it uncertain whether any case can now arise without being promoted by suggestion or prior preparation. In order to determine if there is any evidence that MPD was ever a spontaneous phenomenon, a series of cases of MPD from the earlier literature has been examined, with particular attention given to alternative diagnoses which could account for the phenomena reported and to the way in which the first alternate personality emerged. The earlier cases involved amnesia, striking fluctuations in mood, and sometimes cerebral organic disorder. The secondary personalities frequently appeared with hypnosis. Several amnesic patients were trained with new identities. Others showed overt iatrogenesis. No report fully excluded the possibility of artificial production. This indicates that the concept has been elaborated from the study of consciousness and its relation to the idea of the self. The diagnosis of MPD represents a misdirection of effort which hinders the resolution of serious psychological problems in the lives of patients.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Multiple personality disorder: diagnosis after a traumatic brain injury.

A patient is described with memory deficits after a traumatic brain injury; she was eventually diagnosed as having multiple personality disorder. A delay in diagnosis of multiple personality occurred because her cognitive deficits were thought to be secondary to the traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologic tests were not helpful in establishing the diagnosis. Her EEG was negative, and she had no clinical evidence of complex partial seizures, which have been described in association with this disorder. Only after a process of careful history taking and the establishment of a therapeutic alliance with the patient was the diagnosis established. This case highlights the necessity to consider a "differential diagnosis for amnesia" in all patients with traumatic brain injury. In some patients, both organic and psychogenic causes are discovered.

Adult↗