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Results for “DIURESIS AND DIURETICS”

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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Bumetanide in heart failure in infancy.

The effect of bumetanide in infants with congenital heart disease presenting with cardiac failure was studied. The study was divided into acute (3 days) and long-term (mean 10.5 weeks) cases. A total of 12 male infants was included in the acute study and 13 cases were evaluated in the long-term study. The dose used in the acute study (0.015 mg/kg) was suboptimal; notwithstanding it was found to cause significant natriuresis and chloruresis. Bumetanide in doses varying in different infants from as little as 0.015 mg/kg on alternate days to as much as 0.10 mg/kg daily was shown to be an effective diuretic for long-term use. No side effects were observed in either study.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Effects of adenosine A1-agonist and -antagonist on urinary volume and Na excretion in IAP-treated and non-treated rats.

Effects of an adenosine A1-receptor agonist and antagonist were determined in pertussis toxin (IAP)-treated and non-treated rats. (-)-N6-(2-phenylisopropyl) adenosine, an adenosine A1-agonist, reduced the urine volume and sodium excretion without decreasing the glomerular filtration rate at 0.1 mg/kg (p.o.) in both IAP-treated and non-treated rats. Diuretic effects of KW-3902 (8-(noradamantan-3-yl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine) and 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine, adenosine A1-receptor antagonists, were not affected by pretreatment with IAP. These results suggest that endogenous adenosine may induce antidiuretic effects by accelerating the reabsorption of water and sodium at tubular sites via an IAP-insensitive mechanism, and that the diuretic effects of the adenosine A1-receptor antagonist may result from inhibiting this action of endogenous adenosine.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of bumetanide and hydrochlorothiazide on renal potassium and hydrogen ion excretion.

The purpose of this study was to compare the renal electrolyte excretion pattern of bumetanide with that of hydrochlorothiazide in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital. In bumetanide-treated animals, mean sodium excretion rose to 12 per cent of the filtered load, while hydrochlorothiazide increased sodium excretion to 4 per cent of the filtered load. After bumetanide, urine pH fell from 6.1 to 5.1 and net hydrogenion excretion increased significantly. After hydrochlorothiazide, urinary pH went from 6.4 to 7.4, and there was no change in net hydrogen ion excretion. Potassium excretion rose to 106+/-22 muEq/min with bumetanide and to 99+/-17 muEq/min with hydrochlorothiazide. These changes in electrolyte excretion occurred despite lack of changes in arterial blood gases, arterial blood pressure, and glomerular filtration rate. In addition, bumetanide did not exert an inhibitory effect on potassium excretion under conditions of potassium loading. It is concluded that bumetanide produces a higher urinary Na+:K+ ratio with a lower pH than hydrochlorothiazide and that renal potassium ion excretion in response to sulfamoyl diuretics is not solely dependent on the rate of sodium excretion.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Cardiovascular and diuretic activity of kaurene derivatives of Xylopia aethiopica and Alepidea amatymbica.

The extractives, crude and pure, of Alepidea amatymbica (AA) and Xylopia aethiopica (XA) were subjected to bioassay-directed phytochemical examination for potential cardiovascular and diuretic activity. All extractives and derivatives (XA/O, AA/1, xylopic acid, AA/3, AA/4, AA/5, AA/6, XA/1, XA/2, XA/3) displayed low toxicity, with LC(50) 0.5-5.0 ng/ml. For the first time, diterpene kaurenoids were reported to have significant systemic hypotensive and coronary vasodilatory effect accompanied with bradycardia. These effects were attributed to calcium antagonistic mechanism. The diuretic and natriuretic effects found were similar to the effects of chlorothiazide, suggesting inhibition of Na+ and K+ reabsorption in the early portion of the distal tubule. Further experiments are needed to elaborate the exact mechanisms of the hypotensive and diuretic effects of diterpene kaurenoids.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Hypoglycemic, diuretic and hypocholesterolemic effect of winter cherry (Withania somnifera, Dunal) root.

Hypoglycemic, diuretic and hypocholesterolemic effects of roots of W. somnifera (ashvagandha) were assessed on human subjects. Six mild NIDDM subjects and six mild hypercholesterolemic subjects were treated with the powder of roots of W. somnifera for 30 days. Suitable parameters were studied in the blood and urine samples of the subjects along with dietary pattern before and at the end of treatment period. Decrease in blood glucose was comparable to that of an oral hypoglycemic drug. Significant increase in urine sodium, urine volume, significant decrease in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL (low density lipoproteins) and VLDL (very low density lipoproteins) cholesterol were observed indicating that root of W. somnifera is a potential source of hypoglycemic, diuretic and hypocholesterolemic agents. Clinical observations revealed no adverse effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Bumetanide, a new diuretic active during chronic renal failure (author's transl)].

Bumetanide is a new diuretic, which acts in the ascending limb of Henle's loop. The use of very high doses (5 to 40 mg/24 h) in 32 patients with advanced chronic renal insufficiency gave a clear diuretic effect in half the patients with a creatinine clearance of less than 3 ml/min and in 2/3 of the cases with a creatinine clearance between 3 and 10 ml/min. The efficacy of high doses of bumetanide, as well as their good tolerance shows an action of this new diuretic similar to that of furosemide.

Adult↗