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Psycholinguistic abilities and their influence on creative expression.

Comparison of scores for 20 girls and 20 boys in Grade 3 obtained on the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities and the Torrance Tests of Thinking Creatively, Verbal and Nonverbal, Form A produced significant small to moderate correlations between figural fluency and Auditory Reception, Visual Association, Visual Sequential Memory and Sound Blending; figural flexibility and Auditory Reception, Auditory Closure and Sound Blending; figural originality and Sound Blending; figural elaboration and Auditory Reception, Visual Association, Visual Sequential Memory, Grammatic Closure, Manual Expression, Auditory Closure, and Sound Blending. Manual Expression correlated significantly with verbal fluency, flexibility and elaboration.

Child↗

Creative perceptions of Hungarian and American Students.

The creative self-perceptions on Something About Myself of 227 Hungarian and 672 American high school and college males and females were compared. Americans obtained significantly higher mean scores on Environmental Sensitivity, Self strength and Intellectuality as well as on the Total Scale, whereas Hungarians obtained significantly higher scores on Initiative, Individuality, and Artistry. The observed differences to variability in cultural emphasis.

Art↗

The House-Tree-Person Test as a measure of intelligence and creativity.

The House-Tree-Person test and a verbal test of mental ability, the Basic Word Vocabulary Test, were administered to 23 male and 27 female, university undergraduates and to 27 boys and 38 girls in Grades 3 to 8. The drawings were given three separate and independent scorings by judges who computed intelligence scores according to the House-Person manual; rated them impressionistically on intelligence, using a forced-distribution method; or rated them impressionistically on creativity, using the same forced-distribution method. The three House-Tree-Person measures were highly intercorrelated for all groups of subjects. All three House-Tree-Person scores also correlated positively and significantly with vocabulary test scores for female university students, as did both Impressionistically derived House-Tree-Person scores for grade-school girls. Male students' and boys' vocabulary scores were unrelated to any of the House-Tree-Person scores. Results suggest that competence in graphic expression operates independently of verbal intelligence in males but validity as a nonverbal test of mental ability and that it can be scored efficiently and reliably by using a global, impressionistic method.

Adult↗

A modified lateral eye-movement measure, the right hemisphere and creativity.

The relationship between direction of gaze and creativity was studied using a modified measure of lateral eye movement which recorded the total time of gaze rather than initial direction of gaze only. Twelve subjects were presented the Uses Test and the Remote Associates Test orally while direction of gaze was monitored. Analysis yielded a high positive correlation between left gaze and upward gaze for the Uses Test scores while directional gaze did not correlate with Remote Associates Test performance. These findings would have been obscured if the conventional method of recording lateral eye movements had been used.

Creativity↗

Effects of a systematic program of exercise on selected measures of creativity.

23 co-ed students ran for 20 min. for 16 sessions. During the first and last class sessions, before running, they and a control group, were tested on 3 measures of creative thinking (verbal adaptability, diversity and originality). After the exercise sessions there were small but significant gains in measures of Remote Consequences and Alternate Uses.

Creativity↗

Creative synthesis of visual images is not associated with individual differences.

50 undergraduates were tested on a mental synthesis task aimed at producing creative visual patterns and were administered three questionnaires measuring imagery vividness and control. Analysis did not support a relationship between scores on visual synthesis and imagery and showed that neither kind of score was influenced by sex and studies attended.

Adult↗

Sex differences in creative perceptions of Malaysian students.

Scores for creative perception of 101 boys and 69 girls on What Kind of Person Are You and Something About Myself were not significant for overall scores on both measures, but boys obtained somewhat higher means on Initiative than girls. Further replications on similar samples are needed.

Adolescent↗

Creative thinking in mentally retarded deaf adolescents.

30 mentally retarded deaf adolescents were matched with 30 mentally retarded hearing adolescents to evaluate (a) differences in creative thinking as a function of hearing status, (b) the effect of severity of mental retardation on hearing status, and (c) interaction between hearing status and intelligence. A multivariate factorial analysis of variance indicated that the mentally retarded deaf adolescents differed significantly from hearing adolescents on Fluency and Originality. The deaf youth scored higher on Fluency while the hearing scored higher on Originality. No other effects in the analysis reached significance.

Adolescent↗

Musical creativity and suicide.

The different abilities involved in artistic creativity may be mirrored by differences among mental disorders prevalent in each artistic profession, taking poets, painters, and composers as examples. Using suicide rates as a proxy for the prevalence of mental disorders in groups of artists, we investigated the percentage of deaths by suicide in a sample of 4,564 eminent artists who died in the 19th and 20th centuries. Of the sample, 2,259 were primarily involved in activities of a linguistic nature, e.g., poets and writers; 834 were primarily visual artists, such as painters and sculptors; and 1,471 were musicians (composers and instrumentalists). There were 63 suicides in the sample (1.3% of total deaths). Musicians as a group had lower suicide rates than literary and visual artists. Beyond socioeconomic reasons, which might favour interpretations based on effects of health selection, the lower rate of suicides among musicians may reflect some protective effect arising from music.

Art↗

Creative teaching strategies.

Today's nursing students feel pressured to complete research-based professional papers. Reasons that these assignments cause feelings of anxiety may be due to learners' poor writing/thinking skills, low literacy levels, lack of attention when traditional strategies are used, or expectations of entertaining teaching methods. Creative teaching strategies, using a story-telling and personification approach, may assist nurse educators to improve students' attention, retention and comprehension of primary concepts in their nursing courses.

Creativity↗

Risk-taking and creative thinking pay off.

The Nursing Branch has taken more risks, thought more creatively and responded to needs that are both unique and long-standing and in this way continues to raise the profile of nursing.

Creativity↗

Creative ritual in a hospice.

St. Peter's Hospice, Albany, NY, is dedicated to meeting the emotional needs of patients, families, and staff. Creative ritual, hospice leaders have found, is a powerful tool that can: Provide an "arena" for healing, affirmation, reconciliation, and celebration Serve as a reminder of the sacred Evoke heartfelt emotion Effect renewal and inspiration Offer an opportunity to cleanse the soul of grief, anger, frustration, or guilt Provide tangible experiences of bonding and interdependence Prevent staff burnout St. Peter's staff show a good deal of imagination and variety in creating rituals. Possible themes include patients' birthdays or wedding anniversaries, religious celebrations, national holidays, and changes of seasons. A lighted candle, bouquet of flowers, or incense burner may be used to give the ritual a focus. Music is often played to help set the tone. Rituals involve a major shift in consciousness. They often allow participants to express feelings it would otherwise be difficult for them to put into words. At St. Peter's, participants may begin to communicate by sharing favorite prayers, poems, photos, or works of art. Or they may make music--the hospice provides the instruments--or pass around a Native American "talking stick." Such methods facilitate the bonding of patients and their families. Particularly important are those rituals which allow patients and estranged family members to reconcile. Others enable patients to acknowledge God-given gifts. Still other rituals are held for staff members, who thereby deal with the anger and sadness their work inevitably brings. For all at St. Peter's Hospice ritual is a source of healing, affirmation, renewal, inspiration, and grace.

Burnout, Professional↗

Living in interesting times: applying creative strategic planning.

Rapidly changing expectations and environments have put health care facilities under increasing pressure. Using traditional strategic planning to deal with these challenges has often produced disappointing results. This article outlines a different approach, based on Robert Fritz's model of the creative process, and discusses its application in Kiwanis Lodge in West Vancouver, an intermediate care facility.

British Columbia↗

On creativity and cookbooks, discipline and freedom.

Is cookbook medicine a major threat to patients and physicians alike? Should this management tool be condemned as yet another disdainful and questionable aspect of managed care? Presented here are arguments for and against cookbook medicine--with some surprising conclusions. Could it be that cookbook medicine actually fosters creativity, discipline, and freedom?

Algorithms↗

Student theatre as a means of promoting communication, self-development and creativity.

In the process of producing plays in a student drama and theatre workshop at the Hebrew University of Jerusale, certain educational principles and techniques have been utilized. These principles appear to promote inter-group communication, as well as self-development and creativity and to provide a vital educational technique in the teaching of literature.

Affective Symptoms↗

Van Gogh and lithium. Creativity and bipolar disorder: perspective of a writer.

Penelope Rowe, educated at Sydney University in the 1960s and the mother of three daughters, is the author of three published novels and two collections of short stories. She agrees with Graham Greene that 'the creative writer perceives his world once and for all in childhood and adolescence and his whole career is an effort to illustrate his private world in terms of the great public world we all share. In the childhood of Judas, Jesus was betrayed.' More optimistically she also agrees with the great poet Seamus Heaney, who says 'there is the responsibility of the writer to address, amplify and analyse the music of what happens, and also the other music, the "siren music", of what might be, that is "the crediting of marvels" '.

Antimanic Agents↗

Invisible inventors. A historical overview of creative midwives and nurses.

This historical overview documents women's inventions for providing nursing care dating from 1608 to 1928. The word invention is broadly defined and includes ideas that created therapeutic activities, caregiving environments, and specific devices for care. It focuses on the creative contributions of early outstanding midwives and other practicing nurses around the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Sources include illustrations of patented items, practical hints published in early issues of the American Journal of Nursing (AJN), published translations of original documents from Europe, original historical research on women in Europe and America, and records from the U.S. Government Patent Office. The role of nurses in creating and developing tools and methods for providing nursing care has gone unrecognized. It is important to clarify the record of women's and nurses' inventiveness.

Creativity↗