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PubMed2001

Ten best readings on community participation and health.

This article reviews, in the opinion of the author, the 10 most influential reading on community participation and health development. The introduction notes that some of the articles do not address health directly but still do bring crucial interpretations to the topic. All articles view community participation as an intervention by which the lives of people, particularly the poor and marginalised can be improved. In addition, they all address the issue of the value of participation to equity and sustainability. The article considers the readings under four heading: concepts and theory; advocacy; critiques and case studies. It highlights the important contributions each reading makes to the understanding of participation in the wider context of health and health development. In conclusion, the article argues that participation has not met the objectives of planners and professionals, in good part, because it is questionable as to whether viewing participation as an intervention enables them to make correct assessments of its contribution to development. The bottom line is that participation is always about power and control, an issue planners and professionals do not want explicitly to address.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1992

The role of community participation in the malaria control program in Indonesia.

An operational field trial on community-based malaria control efforts in West Timor, one district in Indonesia, had been implemented since 1987. The trial investigated the utilization of Posyandu cadres in case finding and treatment of malaria. From this trial it appears feasible to utilize these cadres for malaria control. Efficacy of cadres in case finding and treatment of chills and fevers surpassed all expectations.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions, associated pain and disability and the barriers to managing these conditions in a rural, Australian Aboriginal community.

INTRODUCTION: Internationally, musculoskeletal conditions are a major morbidity issue for Indigenous populations and the social and economic burden imposed by musculoskeletal complaints is significant. However, little is known about the prevalence and associated pain and impairment of musculoskeletal conditions among rural Indigenous Australians. METHODS: The study was conducted between January 2001 and July 2002. DESIGN: A cross-sectional research design was used. SAMPLE: Participants included 189 Indigenous members of the community, 80 of whom were randomly selected and 109 were recruited using a convenience sample. The sample included 87 males (46%) and 102 females (53%). Participants' mean age was 44 years (+/-14.8). MEASURES: The main outcome measures were sites of current pain, self-reported levels of pain, limitations to activities of daily living, and barriers to managing these conditions. PROCEDURE: Following a screening survey participants underwent a clinical examination conducted by musculoskeletal health professional trained in standardised, clinical assessment procedures. RESULTS: Lower back pain, followed by neck, head and shoulder pain were the most common conditions. Approximately 57% of participants suffered from 2 to 4 musculoskeletal conditions. The most commonly endured level of pain was 'high'. There were no significant differences between male and female participants in terms of reported levels of pain. The level of pain reported was relatively high compared with the level of associated limitation of activities of daily living. A majority of participants had suffered from their principal condition for 7 weeks or more, indicating high levels of chronicity in the community. CONCLUSION: The majority of people living in this large rural, Indigenous community have learnt to live with chronic levels of pain affecting multiple anatomical sites. Strategies such as community musculoskeletal health promotion and appropriately trained community health workers can assist the community manage this chronic burden of disability. There is scope for further study into the musculoskeletal health of both rural and urban Indigenous populations.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Community participation in health promotion: an experience from hygiene and sanitation committees in the district of Touba (Senegal)].

This qualitative exploratory study carried out in November 2000 describes and analyzes health promotion by community participation in the health district of Touba, in Senegal. The committees were primarily made up of women with an implication of local religious authorities which represented the moral responsible. The promotional activities regularly carried out were: health education, distribution of insecticide treated nets, police in waste management and hygiene, and cleaning. Theses activities were supported through the development of income generating activities. The success of the communities is based on the favorable socio-religious environment, strengthened by the particular commitment of the women. The diversity of activities undertaken by the committees is a proof that the identification of people's needs was not limited to health care questions. The community leadership was stimulated by the district, to enhance the dynamics of participation. The financial autonomy of the majority of communities is a guarantee of their sustainability within the district health system. Extremely encouraging results obtained, two essential recommendations were made to strengthen the experience of sanitation committees in health promotion.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contraceptive social marketing and community-based distribution systems in Colombia.

Three operations research experiments were carried out in three provinces of Colombia to improve the cost-effectiveness of Profamilia's nonclinic-based programs. The experiments tested: (a) whether a contraceptive social marketing (CSM) strategy can replace a community-based distribution (CBD) program in a high contraceptive use area; (b) if wage incentives for salaried CBD instructors will increase contraceptive sales; and (c) whether a specially equipped information, education, and communication (IEC) team can replace a cadre of rural promoters to expand family planning coverage. All three strategies proved to be effective, but only the CSM system yielded a profit. Despite this, Profamilia discontinued its CSM program soon after the experiment was completed. Unexpected government controls regulating the price and sale of contraceptives in Colombia made the program unprofitable. As a result, family planning agencies are cautioned against replacing CBD programs with CSM. Instead, CBD programs might adopt a more commercial approach to become more efficient.

Colombia↗
PubMed1988

End of an experiment: report from an inner city community hospital.

Community hospitals are associated with the provision of health care in rural rather than urban areas. However, the urban community hospital can reduce the pressure on acute hospitals and decrease the isolation of community health workers. In 1982 a community hospital was established in an inner London health district. This paper examines the role and function of this hospital over a oneyear period in 1986-87 and makes comparisons with the hospital's first two years of operation. The problems identified in the initial evaluation, such as low bed occupancy and the limited participation by general practitioners in the area, were still present. It was found that there had been a decrease in the number of patients treated for musculoskeletal, nervous system and respiratory problems but an increase in circulatory disorders and injuries or poisoning. There was also a marked decrease in the percentage of acute admissions but an increase in admissions for convalescence, rehabilitation and carer relief. Following a severe financial crisis in the health district the hospital was closed temporarily in November 1987.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗