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Results for “Ciliary Motility Disorders”

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PubMed1986

Leukocyte locomotory function in children with the immotile cilia syndrome.

The random motility of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN), cellular chemotaxis and chemokinesis in kinetic fashion in 4 patients with immotile cilia syndrome (ICS) have been evaluated. No impairment of granulocyte ability of orientation and migration was found. Ultrastructural alterations of cilia which are the primary factor in the pathogenesis of respiratory tract disease in patients with ICS do not impair the PMN function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A modification of the saccharine test for nasal mucociliary clearance.

The saccharine test for assessing mucociliary clearance in the nose is the most practicable method. As the used sodium salt of saccharine is well water soluble, there is suspicion of interference with the very delicate two-layer-system of mucus or transport merely in the periciliary fluid, thus bringing about methodical errors. This is avoided by using inert tracers such as radioactively tagged ion exchange resin particles, which on the other hand must be observed with expensive equipment. A synthesis of both methods is demonstrated by using saccharine loaden ion exchange resin particles. The validity of the test is proven in vitro and in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Measurement of nasal mucociliary transport rate in normal man.

After reviewing the main methods existing to calculate the rate of the mucociliary transport, the authors describe their personal technique. A 99mTechnetium Sulphur Colloid drop is deposited in the nasal fossa, which is carried away by the cilia down to the rhinopharynx and followed by a gamma camera. To calculate the transport rate, a new method of quantification has been introduced, based on the formation of a parametric image. A study was carried out in 14 males without any pathology of the upper airways, obtaining a mean velocity of 5.3 mm per min (range 3.3.-8.2).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Significance of bronchial branching anomalies for recurrent and chronic nonspecific diseases of the respiratory organs in children].

About the question, whether anomalies in the branching of the bronchial tree are in causative connection with chronic nonspecific lung diseases of children, in the literature different opinions are to be read. Among about 2000 patients bronchographically examined we found 136 bronchial branching anomalies of different degrees. Seventy of them we examined about 5 years later. It is shown that isolated simple anomalies are of no consequence to the lung disease. However, branching anomalies associated with anomalies or malformations of the lung or their blood vessels have the meaning of a real disease.

Asthma↗
PubMed1985

[Incidence of ciliary beats in nasal cells obtained from smears. Study of 40 patients of whom 28 were children with respiratory pathology].

Disturbance of ciliary function are considered as a significant factor in the outcome of chronic respiratory afflictions. Thanks to a simple method of stroboscopic lighting, the ciliary beat frequency was studied on 40 nasal mucus smears obtained by swabbing in 28 children and 12 adults with chronic respiratory failure or recurrent disease. The 28 children were divided into three groups: group A (n = 10), pulmonary disease (broncho-pneumonia); group B (n = 3), Kartagener syndrome; group C (n = 15) pure otorhinolaryngological (ORL) disease (rhino-opharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis). Twelve adults with chronic ORL pathology (vaso-motor rhinitis) made up group D. A cytological control was carried out on each smear and showed the presence of ciliated cells in 92.5% of samples. In three group B cases (Kartagener's syndrome) no ciliary movement was observed. The results in groups A (9.3 +/- 1.46 Hz) and C (8.98 +/- 2.23 Hz) show that the level of respiratory infection (pulmonary or ORL) did not influence the ciliary beat frequency (p greater than 0.05). On the other hand, there was a significant difference (p less than 0.001) between the beat frequency in the group of children in group A (9.3 +/- 1.46 Hz) and C (8.98 +/- 2.23 Hz) and those of adults in group D (11.32 +/- 1.89 Hz). Two hypotheses might explain these facts: The existence of a differing physiological response in children and adults. Different mechanisms during chronic ORL infections in adults (vasomotor phenomena) and in the child (bacterial infection). The average frequencies measured were comparable to those previously published in human respiratory cilia using other methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructural observations on basal apparatus of respiratory cilia in immotile cilia syndrome.

The fine structure of the basal apparatus of cilia from respiratory epithelium has been studied in 5 subjects with immotile cilia syndrome without any specific defects in ciliary morphology. The ultrastructural analysis revealed the presence of abnormalities, heretofore undescribed, in basal bodies and accessory structures. In particular defective basal bodies of the so-called "half centriole" type, abnormal basal bodies showing an unusual dense granule in their central part, as well as abnormal accessory structures (i.e., giant striated roots, and double basal foot arising from single basal bodies) were found to be variously distributed in the patients examined. The significance of these morphological changes is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Abnormal length of cilia as a possible cause of defective mucociliary clearance.

A 12-year-old girl with obstructive lung disease was examined with respect to the ultrastructure of her nasal mucociliate epithelium. She had the characteristics of the immotile-cilia syndrome: chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, and bronchitis, a severely decreased mucociliary clearance of the lungs, and nasal polyps. The nasal cilia showed a normal cross-sectional appearance but were found to have twice the normal length: 12 micron rather than 6 micron. We conclude that the patient represents a new subgroup of the immotile-cilia syndrome and that her cilia are unable to perform their normal tasks.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1985

[Mucous membrane changes in the anterior ethmoid bone in chronic sinusitis and mycoses of the paranasal sinuses. An endoscopy, light and electron microscopy study. 2. Electron microscopy findings].

In the second part of this paper the findings of electron microscopical studies on ultrastructural changes of the cilia of the ethmoidal mucous membrane in patients with mycotic chronic sinusitis are presented. Many pathological variations of the normal 9 + 2 pattern can be demonstrated, along with compound cilia and central axis deviation beyond 25 degrees. This together with the endoscopical and lightmicroscopical findings results in conditions which are different from those in acute sinusitis. It may as well explain, why hardly a conservative therapy--aiming mostly for vasoconstriction and decrease of mucosal edema--is successful in chronic sinusitis. Endoscopical surgery of the diseased anterior ethmoid in most of the cases brings along cure of the dependent frontal and maxillary sinuses as well.

Chronic Disease↗