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PubMed2005

[Long-term response of bronchopulmonary system in liquidators of Chernobyl accident].

Liquidators of chernobyl accident consequences were subjected to simultaneous external gamma-beta-radiation and inhalation of particles containing radionuclide aerosols and nonradiation toxic chemicals. findings are typical defects of the liquidators examination: assignment of individuals with pulmonary disorders to post-accident work, misinterpretation of the disease severity with underestimation of previous occupational anamnesis and aggravating role of nonradiation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative characteristics of some amplitude-time rheogram parameters in arterial hypertensive patients with somatic form of autonomic dysfunction who had suffered from sequellae of Chernobyl accident].

The study have been conducted using a tetrapolar impedance plethysmography technique (RA5-01 rheoanalyser). Reliable differences of some amplitude-time rheogram parameters of cerebral hemispheres and shins in hypertensive patients with vegetative dysfunctions manifested somatically and who had suffered from harmful consequences of Chernobyl accident have been established.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The distribution of the radionuclides in the main components of lake ecosystems within the Chernobyl NPP exclusion zone].

The results of the studies devoted to the distribution of radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 238Pu, 239 + 240Pu and 241Am in 1998-2003 in main components of Glubokoe Lake and Dalekoe-1 Lake located within Krasnensky flood lands of the Pripyat River (inner exclusion zone of the Chernobyl NPP) were analysed. The data about the radionuclide content in bottom sediments, in water, in seston, in macrozoobenthos (including bivalvia molluscs), in gasteropods molluscs, in higher aquatic plants and in fish are presented.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The carrying-out of 90Sr and 137Cs by the overground phytomass plant communities of the meadows and of the fallow lands of Chernobyl Exclusion Zone].

Below are presented the results of the researches of the carrying-out of 90Sr and 137Cs by the overground phytomass of the fallow lands and meadows herbaceous community of Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (Zone). The radioecological characteristic of the basic cenosis-generative species of the Zone's fallow lands and meadows herbaceous communities is given. Are made the evaluations of the biogenic fluxes of the radioactive matters into structural elements of the mentioned phytocenosises (alive biomass and laying). The radioecological significance of the Zone's herbaceous phytocenosis is presented as one of the bariers on the ways of the carrying-out of the radioactive nuclides out of the borders of the zone.

Biomass↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chromosome instability revealed in children of fathers irradiated during Chernobyl accident].

Four children groups with and without thyroid pathology born to fathers exposed to ionizing irradiation in 1986 during Chernobyl accident as liquidators as well as residents of territory with radioactive contamination have been cytogenetically observed. The frequency and spectrum of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes have been studied using two-termed cultivation (during 48 and 144 hours). Under the short-term incubation the observed groups did not significantly differ on the mean-group integral cytogenetic parameters which corresponded to age norm, but in progeny of parents from radionuclide contaminated territory the increased level of chromosome type exchanges has been revealed. In long-termed lymphocyte cultures of children with chronic thyroiditis the significantly increased cytogenetic effects of both chromatid (single fragments) and chromosome types (abnormal monocentrics, centric rings) have been established. The data received testified the reality of the transmissible chromosome instability phenomenon in progeny of irradiated parents and confirmed the possibility of its expression in consequent mitoses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Cerebral hemisphere blood volume, venous filling and emptying in patients with arterial hypertension who have suffered from Chernobyl accident depending on sex and age].

Reliable differences in cerebral hemisphere blood vessels filling and tonus of microcirculation system have been found between men and women of different ages with arterial hypertension, who have suffered from Chernobyl accident with the help of tetrapolar impedance plethysmography method (rheoanalysator PAS-01). Cerebral hemisphere blood vessels filling in women of all ages has been shown to be higher for sure than in men and the tonus of pre- and postcapillaries under developing arterial hypertension gets lower with age.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[137Cs distribution and accumulation in organs and tissues of sheep in the event of chronic consumption of contaminated fodder in the area of the Chernobyl NPP accident].

The regularities of 137Cs distribution and accumulation in organs and tissues of sheep on a farm located in the Chernobyl accidental zone were experimentally estimated. The distribution pattern of 137Cs concentration in organs and tissues is found to depend on the duration of the radionuclide uptake with the ration. During the first 24 h the highest 137Cs concentration is reported in the parenchymal organs; starting from day 30 muscular tissue and kidneys rank first, whereas in the other organs and tissues 137Cs concentration is 1.5-2 times lower. By 137Cs content and accumulation rate the study organs are arranged in a declining order as follows: muscles > > skin > liver > kidneys > heart > spleen. The mathematical models were devised describing the dynamics of increasing with time in 137Cs concentration in muscles, liver and skin. The methodology is suggested for the prediction of levels of 137Cs contamination of the muscular tissue of sheep. The time periods were regulated for sheep feeding with 137Cs contaminated fodder that ensure the production of mutton the radionuclide concentration in which meets the sanitary-hygienic standards.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The transfer of 90Sr and of 137Cs radionuclides in the chain of soil-fodder-animal products in the area contaminated as a consequence of the Chernobyl AES accident].

The database on 137Cs and or 90Sr transfer factors in the soil-fodder-animal products chain compiled in the framework of the project "Radioecological Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident" under the French-German Initiative was analyzed. The 137Cs transfer factors were determined into 10 fodder types for farm animals. The 137Cs and 90Sr transfer from daily diet to milk is practically independent from milk yield and season and is about 0.83% and 0.16%. 137Cs transfer factor into beef (adult animals) is about to 2.4% from the daily uptake with fodder per 1 kg meat.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Growth and development peculiarities of Hormoconis resinae (Lindau) von Arx & de Vries strains isolated from premises of the 4th unit of the Chernobyl NPP].

Growth characteristics of Hormoconis resinae (Lindau) von Arx & de Vries, isolated from premises of the 4th unit of the Chernobyl NPP were studied on solid and liquid media. Radial growth rate of the studied strains varied from 0.05 to 0.08 mm an hour and did not depend on radioactivity of isolation place and composition of the nutrient medium. Index of substrate I colonizing intensity has demonstrated that all studied strains grew better on nutrient-rich medium. Morphological changes in studied strains on starving nutrient-poor media showed a decrease of biomass accumulation, reduction of sporogenesis, inhibition of micelial growth. Concerning both characteristic of biomass accumulation and morphological changes, all studied strains were referred to 3 groups: (1) heterotrophic strains, (2) strains with a tendency to oligocarbotolerance, (3) strains of intermediate group.

Ascomycota↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Complex cytogenetic characteristic of people suffered from Chernobyl accident].

A cytogenetic study was performed on Chernobyl cleanup workers, on their children, on persons evacuated from contaminated aeria (adult and children), on so named "veterans of particular risk" irradiated due to the accidents on the nuclear plant, testing of nuclear weapons etc. and on control donors. The yield of stable (FISH analysis) and of unstable chromosome aberrations, micronuclei in both lymphocytes and erythrocytes, HPRT mutations was found to be increased in exposed groups as compared to control ones. In children of liquidators and in evacuated children we observed genomic instability and increased in vitro chromosomal radiosensitivity. Acceleration of age accumulation of translocations characterized the exposed population in comparison with control group. People with the highest level of routine chromosome aberrations had cardiovascular and digestive diseases more often likely than those with the lowest level. In frame of International Project ECP-6--"Biological dosimetry" the dose-responses for dicentrics and translocations were constructed in dose range 0-100 cGy of gamma-irradiation on the base of data of 8 laboratories. On cancer patients undergone whole-body gamma-irradiation (every day at the dose 11.5 cGy to a total of dose 57.5 cGy) we constructed the dose-responses for the dicentrics and translocations and compared them with the dose-responses for these aberrations after the in vitro irradiation of lymphocytes of the same patients. For the dicentrics the effectiveness of the in vivo irradiation was less than of the in vitro one. No differences were found for translocations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiation injury of the plants in the zone of influence of the accident on Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station (NPS)].

Were considered the radiobiological effects in some species of agricultural and wild growing plants in 30-kilometer zone of alienation of Chernobyl nuclear power station and other radionuclide contaminated territories. The particular attention was given to the distance plant reactions: immunity decreasing, genetic consequences, changes in phytocenosis. Was discussed the question of possibility of plant adaptation to conditions of high radiation influence.

Adaptation, Biological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The cytogenetic monitoring of the environmental conditions on the territories exposed by the radioactive contamination as a result of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station accident (colony Urazovo Belgorod region as an example)].

Cytogenetic characteristics of the seed progeny of birch (Betula pendula Roth), growing in colony Urazovo Belgorod region exposed by the impact of Chernobyl precipitation in 1986, were determinated. The changing of cytogenetic characteristics in comparison with the control (mitotic index and level of mitosis pathologies grown, their spectrum widens part of persistent nucleolies at the stages of metaphase, anaphase, telophase of mitosis enlarges, square of surface of single nucleolies decreases, part of moderate-active nucleolies "bark-core vacuolisated" type increase) on the experimental squares is revealed. The most considerable effects were observed in 2000, which connected with the increasing of the contaminations of mentioned territory as a result of brick factory work. By means of cluster analysis methods it was established that the cleanest in northwestern part of colony Urazovo, the most contaminated is central part. It was purposed, that chemical compounds, are main agents caused the changing of cytogenetic properties of test-object after the normalization of the radiation level.

Betula↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The regulation of the oxidative processes in the tissues of Muridae like rodents caught in the Chernobyl accident zone].

The results of the investigations of the radioactive contamination consequences on the lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes in organs and tissues of wild rodents which were caught in the Chernobyl NPP accident 30-km zone during 1986-1993 are generalized. The behaviors of the technogenic contamination effect on dynamic of changes of the LPO physico-chemical regulatory system parameters and the generalized parameters of the phospholipid composition in organs of the different radioresistance wild rodents are revealed in dependence on the radioactive contamination level and the duration of the radiation factor exposure. Different sensitivity of the LPO regulatory system parameters in wild rodent tissues to the radioactive contamination of their environment and the unequal ability to normalization of the antioxidant status and the energy exchange in tissues result in the change of the scale and character of interrelations between the reciprocal parameters in norm and have an influence on the development of qualitatively new subpopulations of wild rodents due to the transition of the cell regulatory system to the another level of the function.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effects of the agricultural countermeasures on the irradiation of the population in the areas affected by the Chernobyl nuclear accident].

Radiological results were evaluated from the introduction of protective agricultural measures in the collective sector of the agroindustrial complex in the Chernobyl affected areas for the period of 1987-2005. The averted collective doses due to the reduction of 137Cs concentration in farm products were estimated, including the contribution to the averted collective dose of different food stuffs consumption.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2006

Structure of leukemias and lymphomas in children of Ukraine in post-Chernobyl period.

The structure of hematopoietic malignancies in post-Chernobyl period among pediatric patients in Kyiv city and 24 regions of Ukraine especially those born in 1986 and 1987 and the infants at the age below 1 year is reviewed taking into account the data of the Reference Laboratory obtained in 1993-2004 and based on the modern diagnostic technologies in accordance with FAB, WHO, EGIL, ICD-10 and ICD-O-2 classifications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiation and genetic consequences of ionizing irradiation on population of Pinus sylvestris L. within the zone of the Chernobyl NPP].

Main results of the nineteen year radiation-genetic monitoring of radiobiological, of cytogenetic, and of genetic parameters of Pinus sylvestris L. of forest plantation from the Chernobyl meltdown area are presented. The acute ionizing irradiation at doses >1 Gy induces the formation of morphoses and of depressed growth; at doses >2 Gy, the reproductive ability of the trees declined. The radiobiological parameters shown linear or close to it dose-dependence relationship. The acute irradiation at dose of 0.5 Gy induces cytogenetic and genetic effects that were significantly higher than the corresponding control values. The relationship between the cytogenetic effects and the absorbed dose was exponential. The dependence of mutation frequency at specific loci on the absorbed dose was described by a nonlinear curve. The results of the cytogenetic analysis of seedlings obtained from seeds annually collected in zones of slight, of moderate, and of strong damage of Pinus sylvestris L. are presented.

Cesium Radioisotopes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The comparative analysis of gene and structural somatic mutations in inhabitants of Orel district areas contaminated with radionuclides as a result of Chernobyl accident].

The results of comparative analysis of gene and structural mutations found in peripheral blood lymphocytes of inhabitants of Orel district areas contaminated with radionuclides as a result of Chernobyl accident are presented. The average level of 137Cs contamination in those areas ranged about 22-113 kBq/m2. In the study group was found the enhanced frequency of somatic cells with gene and structural mutations compared with laboratory control level by synchronous applying a T-cell receptor (TCR) loci mutation assay and cytogenetic analysis of unstable aberrations. The case-control comparison was carried out using the measured mutation frequencies and cases of various thyroid gland sickness recognized by ultrasonic examination. The cytogenetic assay did not show the statistical difference between healthy group and subjects with thyroid gland sickness. The average frequency of TCR loci mutation cells in the subjects with thyroid gland sickness was found to be statistically higher comparing with healthy persons. This finding was true for each study region and for Orel district in total. The subgroup of subject exposed in utero in 1986, soon after accident was analyzed. Both cytogenetic and TCR loci mutation assays shown enhancement of average mutation frequency in somatic cells in the subjects of this subgroup with thyroid gland sickness comparing with healthy persons.

Cesium Radioisotopes↗