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At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Florence Nightingale. Passionate statistician.

Nightingale's passionate commitment to statistics was based on her faith in a god of order, who created a world that ran by law. God's laws could be known through research, as a result of which suitable interventions to better the world could be applied. Statistics were a vital component in her holistic approach to health care as a system. They served both to indicate serious problems and to assist in policy making, and then again to monitor the effects of the new policies. She pioneered the use of evaluative statistics and saw reforms achieved as a result of her advocacy. This article explores three key aspects selected from Nightingale's more than 40 years of applied statistical work: her adaptation of Quetelet's methodological foundations, the use of statistics in monitoring public health care systems, and her pioneering study of maternal mortality in childbirth.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMed2004

On the origin of the clinical standpoint in psychiatry, Dr Ewald Hecker in Görlitz.

Ewald Hecker (1843-1909), a friend and disciple of Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum (1828-1899), was a relentless advocate of his teacher's psychiatric nosology. This paper is an early manifesto of their ideas and sets the context for the following publications, namely Hecker's seminal paper on hebephrenia to be published in the same journal and in the same year (1871) and Kahlbaum's catatonia published in 1874. Their idea that age of onset and time course of an illness, together with close clinical observation, helps to delineate disease forms out of the mass of confusing psychiatric symptoms proved to be one of the most important paradigm shifts in middle to late nineteenth-century psychiatry. This had a strong influence on Kraepelin's dichotomy between dementia praecox and manic depressive insanity, and thus on our modern notions of schizophrenia and bipolar illness.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed1995

Psychosis: from mental disorder to disease concept.

This article traces the development of the concept of psychosis from its being coined as a general term for mental disorder in 1845 by the Austrian psychiatrist Ernst von Feuchtersleben until its reification as a disease concept in the twentieth century by the German psychiatrist and pupil of Kraepelin Kurt Schneider.

History, 19th Century↗