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PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of heterologous bacilli on the infectious process in anthrax in an experiment].

The possibility of the survival of guinea pigs after the simultaneous administration of different doses of Bacillus anthracis virulent strain 81/1 in combination with both B. anthracis vaccine strain STI and heterologous bacilli (B. subtilis strain PAC) has been experimentally shown. On the basis of the results of these experiments suggestion has been made that the "survival phenomenon" is the process involving the lysosomal systems of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Management of suspected nosocomial infection: an audit of 19 hospitalized patients with septicemia caused by Bacillus species.

From April to August of 2000, Bacillus spp. were detected in the blood culture of 29 patients in a hospital in Japan. Of these patients, 19 had clinical signs of septicemia; positive culture in the remaining 10 patients was attributed to contamination with skin flora at the site of puncture. Of the 18 strains evaluated, 15 were Bacillus cereus, 2 were Bacillus subtilis, and one was Bacillus licheniformis. The only hospital death observed was that of a patient who had no clinical signs of septicemia at the time of blood sampling. That death is now considered attributable to the underlying neoplasm. The hospital committee for prevention of nosocomial infection concluded after a critical review of the patient records that the cause of septicemia in most cases had been contaminated intravenous lines. To control the situation, the committee recommended the use of a new skin disinfectant, and medical personnel were advised to avoid infusion pauses with interruption of intravenous lines and to replace the caps for the stopcocks with new ones each time the caps were removed. These measures were rigorously observed in addition to the conventional measures for preventing catheter sepsis, and the incidence of septicemia due to the Bacillus spp. declined dramatically thereafter.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Bacillus circulans endophthalmitis.

An 80-year-old woman presented with right endophthalmitis, characterized by chalky white deposits covering her posterior capsule. This occurred 17 months after uncomplicated right cataract surgery. A three-port pars plana vitrectomy and partial posterior capsulectomy isolated Bacillus circulans, and the patient made a rapid and full recovery on topical cephalothin and prednisolone acetate 1%. The case demonstrates that, unlike endophthalmitis due to other Bacillus spp., B. circulans endophthalmitis does not necessarily follow a fulminant course. It is the first report describing a subacute presentation, and response to posterior capsulectomy and simple antibiotic therapy It is also the first description of B. circulans causing white plaques in the posterior capsule, a finding characteristic of chronic endophthalmitis and previously considered pathognomonic of Proprionibacterium acnes endophthalmitis.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Changes in Acholeplasma laidlawii plasma membrane functions during development of resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline].

The role of transport activity of Acholeplasma laidlawii plasmatic membrane in the development of resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was investigated. It was shown that one of the important steps of resistance development in acholeplasms is a complex of adaptation metabolic reactions providing limited antibiotic accumulation by the cells. In the case of ciprofloxacin resistance metabolism changes concerning transport systems took place before mutations in target genes. Development of tetracycline resistance of mollecutes after incubation in the medium with enhancing antibiotic concentrations and not connected with the presence of tet(M) determinant was demonstrated for the first time.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ultrastructural organization of cytoplasmatic membrane of Anaerobacter polyendosporus studied by electron microscopic cryofractography].

Anaerobacter polyendosporus cells do not have typical mesosomes. However, the analysis of this anaerobic multispore bacterium by electron microscopic cryofractography showed that its cytoplasmic membrane contains specific intramembrane structures in the form of flat lamellar inverted lipid membranes tenths of nanometers to several microns in size. It was found that these structures are located in the hydrophobic interior between the outer and inner leaflets of the cytoplasmic membrane and do not contain intramembrane particles that are commonly present on freeze-fracture replicas. The flat inverted lipid membranes were revealed in bacterial cells cultivated under normal growth conditions, indicating the existence of a complex-type compartmentalization in biological membranes, which manifests itself in the formation of intramembrane compartments having the appearance of vesicles and inverted lipid membranes.

Bacillaceae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Heterogeneity of nucleotide sequences of 16S ribosomal RNA genes from the Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii type strain].

Two copies of the 16S rRNA gene, rrnA and rrnB, of the type strain 17T of the thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii were cloned and completely sequenced. The comparison of the determined sequences revealed considerable heterogeneity (8.3%) of the two genes, rrnA and rrnB. The main differences were associated with superlong inserts located at the variable 5'- and 3'-terminal regions of the 16S rRNA genes. Comparative analysis that involved analogous genes from the phylogenetically closest representatives of the genus Desulfotomaculum showed that disregard of the heterogeneity of the two gene copies distorts the position of the bacterium studied in the phylogenetic tree.

Bacillaceae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of cyclodextrin production using cyclodextrin glucanotransferases of various groups of microorganisms].

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferases (CGTases; EC 2.4.1.19) from newly isolated mesophilic, thermophilic, alkalophilic, and halophilic bacilli, as well as from thermoactinomycetes, have been purified to homogeneity, and some of their physicochemical and biochemical characteristics (cyclizing, disproportionating, and hydrolytic activities) have been studied. Cyclodextrin (CD) production in the presence and absence of compounds favoring formation of complexes had certain specific features. We were able to demonstrate that CG-Tases of mesophilic and thermophilic strains form mixtures of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-CDs, whereas the enzymes from halophilic and alkalophilic microorganisms preferentially catalyze the formation of beta-CDs.

Bacillaceae↗
PubMed2000

[Effects of bacterial protective liquid on radiation biology effect of mouse bone marrow cells].

To study the relationship between bacterial protective liquid (BPL) and the biological effect of mouse bone marrow cells by gamma-ray irradiation, apoptosis and the number of CD4+, CD8+ and NK cells were analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM), the results showed that BPL decreased the apoptosis and increased the proliferation of cells(P < 0.01). The theorem of action was related with raising the percentage vitality of NK cells and the quantity of CD4+ and CD8+. This study proved that BPL might have protective effect against radiation injury.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Inter- and intraspecies conjugal transfer of different plasmids in bacilli].

Conjugal transfer of plasmid pUB110 between different strains of bacilli was studied. The plasmid transfer was possible not only between various strains of B. subtilis, but also when many other species of bacilli served as recipients. Conjugation of a donor strain B. subtilis 19 (p19pUB110) was accompanied by a transfer of plasmid p19 along with plasmid pUB110 to the B. subtilis recipient strains lacking a large plasmid p19. If, like the donor cells, the recipient B. subtilis strain carried plasmid p19, the frequency of conjugation decreased. The small plasmid pBC16 was also capable of conjugative transfer. However, if this plasmid carried the mob gene with an inverted region, the frequency of its transmission dramatically decreased. If the donor strain contained another small plasmid, pV, which also carried the mob gene, the efficiency of transmission was partially restored.

Bacillaceae↗
PubMed1992

Subclinical infection and transmission of Tyzzer's disease in rats.

Two isolates of Bacillus piliformis originally obtained from rats from Japan and Indiana were compared by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. Protein and antigen profiles revealed heterogeneity between the two isolates, demonstrating that more than one isolate of B. piliformis is capable of infecting rats. Results of parallel infection and transmission studies with the two isolates were almost identical. Orally inoculated rats remained asymptomatic; however, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results revealed a significant increase in serum antibodies to B. piliformis. Formalin-killed B. piliformis elicited no serum antibody response among rats inoculated orally, indicating that viable organisms, capable of replicating within the host, are needed to induce a systemic humoral response. Naive rats and weanling gerbils were housed on soiled bedding from the experimentally infected, asymptomatic, seropositive rats. Although gerbils showed no clinical signs or histopathologic evidence of Tyzzer's disease, rats housed on bedding collected 1 or 2 weeks postinoculation seroconverted and remained seropositive but asymptomatic throughout the study. These results demonstrate that subclinically infected rats are capable of transmitting B. piliformis to naive rats and suggest that the histopathologic evaluation of sentinel gerbils may not be an effective method for detecting all strains of B. piliformis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Correlation between megaloileitis and antibodies to Bacillus piliformis in laboratory rat colonies.

Rat colonies in which antibodies to Bacillus piliformis were detected in animals examined at the age of 8 to 15 weeks were compared with rat colonies where no such antibodies were present. The seropositive colonies had a low incidence of megaloileitis in 5-week-old rats of Sprague-Dawley stock and some few inbred strains. In seronegative colonies, no megaloileitis was detected. In rats with megaloileitis, significantly high titers to B. piliformis were noted and the agents could be identified in the ileal mucosa by immunofluorescence technique.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Pathogenetic mechanisms of bacterial cholangitis in mechanical jaundice (experimental histological study)].

In 89 rats with experimentally induced mechanical jaundice the infectious process was modeled by intragastric administration of E. coli and B. subtilis. The study included the investigation of the main routes and time intervals of dissemination, organ content of microbes labeled with 3H-thymidine, as well as of structural and functional peculiarities of the interaction of animal tissues with the microbes in cholestasis development dynamics and under the condition of biliary tract decompression. It was established that under the condition of mechanical jaundice viable bacteria from the alimentary tract penetrated the organs of peritoneal cavity through the blood and lymph flow. In the liver, the endogenous agents of surgical infections, and E. coli, in particular, were found to aggravate the inflammatory and necrobiotic processes. B. subtilis did not cause any inflammatory or other pathologic process in the tissue of liver.

Animals↗