Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ATLAS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Lateral subluxation of the atlas in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report and post-mortem study.

The atlantoaxial joints of a patient with lateral subluxation of the atlas were studied post mortem by dissection. There was severe erosion of the left lateral atlantoaxial joint and an asymmetrical erosion of the cartilages of the median atlantoaxial joint which prevented reduction of the lateral subluxation. The atlantoaxial ligaments were remarkably intact. It is emphasised that osseous factors rather than ligaments confer lateral stability to the atlantoaxial joints and that destruction of these leads to lateral subluxation.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1996

Calcification of the transverse ligament of the atlas in chondrocalcinosis: computed tomography study.

OBJECTIVE: To seek an association between articular chondrocalcinosis (AC) and calcification of the transverse ligament of the atlas (TLA), and to evaluate the frequency and the main computed tomography appearances of such calcification. METHODS: Axial computed tomography slices of the cervico-occipital hinge were performed routinely in 21 patients with AC (three men, 18 women; mean age 79 years, range 67-87) and compared with those from a control group of 21 age and gender matched patients without AC. RESULTS: Calcification of the TLA was present in 14 of the 21 patients (66%) in the AC group and in none of the 21 patients (0%) in the control group (chi 2 test: p < 0.001). Calcification was localised behind the odontoid process, inserted upon the osseous tubercles of the lateral masses of C1, and had a curvilinear profile; it varied in height (1.5 to 9 mm) and appearance (thin = < 1 mm; thick = > 1 mm) and formed either a single or a double band. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated a relationship between AC and calcification of the TLA. Although such calcification often remains asymptomatic (nine of 14 patients in our study), it may be associated with attacks of acute neck pain with segmentary stiffness, fever, and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, sometimes revealing AC.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Coincidental deficiency of the posterior arch of the atlas and thalassaemia minor: possible pitfalls in a trauma victim.

Congenital abnormalities of the cervical spine are rare findings in trauma victims. Deficiency of the posterior arch of the atlas and coincidental thalassaemia minor are even more unusual. This case report is about a young female trauma victim with both abnormalities, a combination that has previously not been described in literature. The classification, as proposed by Currarino et al in 1994, and the importance of being aware of these abnormalities are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Atlas: standard diagnostic tests for an unusual fracture.

The case is reported of an unusual atlas fracture with no reports of such an injury in the literature. The diagnosis of this injury emphasises the importance of simple clinical decision instruments, and systematic interpretation of investigations.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Occult congenital anomaly of the atlas presenting in the setting of acute trauma.

Congenital absence of the posterior arch of the atlas is rare. Its detection in the setting of acute trauma may be confusing and mimic a fracture. This case serves to highlight the adjunctive use of computed tomography in equivocal cases. Most patients can be managed conservatively, however operative treatment should be reserved for patients in whom atlanto-axial instability has been shown.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1978

Cervical cord compression by solitary osteochondroma of the atlas.

A 28 year old woman presented a syndrome of slow spinal compression evolving over four and a half years at the level C1--C2 vertebrae due to a solitary osteochondroma of the posterior arch of the atlas which was excised by laminectomy. Radiographys of the skeleton did not show the presence of other osteogenic tumours. This is the fifth case of solitary osteochondroma to be published. Elsewhere, in six cases out of 14, the vertebral lesion formed part of generalised exostoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Stable fractures of the atlas and axis in children.

Three cases of stable fractures of the atlas and axis in children are presented. All patients presented with pain, spasm of neck musculature and head tilt along with a neurological deficit. All fractures were apparently stable; with conservative treatment all symptoms and signs resolved.

Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗
PubMed1977

Horizontal fracture of the anterior arch of the atlas.

Horizontal fracture of the anterior arch of the atlas can be easily overlooked on lateral radiographs. The fracture is not associated with neurological deficit but may be the cause of severe pain. A review of the literature reveals only 3 previously reported cases. Seven new cases, including 2 without other cervical spine fractures, indicate a much higher incidence than was previously thought. Hypotheses about the mechanism of injury are discussed.

Cervical Atlas↗
PubMed1995

Congenital absence of the atlas posterior arch. A case report.

A report of a healthy young adult woman with non-pathological congenital absence of the lateral and posterior parts of the atlas is presented. This occurred in association with a steep mandibular plane angle and an extremely obtuse gonial angle. Similar facial features are common in females with hypoplastic dorsal arches, and this case illustrates the intimate developmental association between the upper part of the cervical spine and the craniofacial complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Microscopic decompression of the anterior upper cervical spine: a case of odontoid malunion to the atlas.

For the past 20 years, the transoral approach to the upper cervical spine has been utilized for odontoid fractures, the removal of an abnormal odontoid process, decompression of basilar impression, and biopsy or resection of nasopharyngeal or metastatic tumors. The effectiveness and safety of this procedure is well documented. Use of the surgical microscope adds to the efficiency and safety of the procedure. We are reporting a case of fusion of the odontoid base to the anterior arch of the atlas. To our knowledge, this entity has not been described previously. The spinal cord was protected by an initial posterior fusion of C-1, C-2, followed in 10 days by a tracheostomy and the transoral removal of the anterior C-1 arch and the abnormal dens. Because the medical history did not reveal a source of trauma, it is supposed that the patient had malunion of the odontoid process to C-2, with subsequent migration and fusion of the dens to the C-1 arch.

Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗
PubMed2004

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the atlas: successful treatment through selective arterial embolization: case report.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign and expansile osteolytic lesions that can occur in any location in the spine, including the craniovertebral junction. Aggressive resection followed by bone grafting has been the mainstay of treatment, with selective arterial embolization as a presurgical adjunct. Complete excision of these lesions at the craniovertebral junction is associated with high surgical morbidity. We report a case of successful treatment of an ABC of the atlas in a child with selective arterial embolization alone. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 10-year-old girl presented with persistent neck pain after a snowboarding accident. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine revealed an expansile cystic mass involving the right lateral mass of C1. Digital subtraction angiography revealed a tumor blush, which, along with the cystic appearance of the lesion, was consistent with an ABC. INTERVENTION: The arterial feeders to the lesion were selectively embolized with polyvinyl alcohol particles. Three sessions of embolization were required to eradicate the blood supply to the lesion completely. CONCLUSION: Complete surgical resection of ABCs at the craniovertebral junction can be associated with high morbidity secondary to the highly vascular and destructive nature of these lesions. The case discussed here demonstrates the viability of selective arterial embolization as a primary and stand-alone modality of treatment.

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal↗
PubMed1992

Osteoplastic repair of the atlas.

Fractures of the atlas constitute 4% to 12% of all bony injuries of the cervical spine; most are treated successfully by a cervical orthosis. Nonunion may be associated with neck or scalp pain on movement and is treated conventionally by some form of craniocervical fusion, which restricts head movement. The authors describe a case in which direct repair of the bony ring with a titanium plate and screws allowed bone healing, relieved the symptoms and maintained a full range of neck movements. The titanium plate interfered little with postoperative MR and CT imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Vertebro-PICA aneurysms: midline suboccipital approach and laminectomy of the atlas.

Vertebro-PICA aneurysms represent a particular technical challenge because of the extremely narrow operative field and the presence of numerous vital neural and vascular structures. The lack of exposure still remains the limiting factor in most cases. During the 9-year period from January 1980 to October 1989, 8 vertebro-PICA aneurysms have been treated microsurgically. Of these, 2 underwent a pure suboccipital approach while 6 underwent a midline suboccipital approach with deliberate removal of the arch of the atlas in the park bench position. Seven patients did well and regained full activities while one patient died from complications related to vasospasm with brainstem infarction. One patient developed symptomatic obstructive dilation of the fourth ventricle requiring ventriculo-cisternostomy. The authors recommend the midline suboccipital approach with deliberate C1-laminectomy in ventrolateral decubitus for vertebro-PICA aneurysms. The main advantages are: constant access to the proximal vertebral artery, less medullary retraction in ventrally located aneurysms, improved exposure of the laterobulbar cisterns and the lateromedullary and tonsillar segments of the PICA, thus facilitating dissection of the aneurysm.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Massive benign osteoblastoma of the clivus and atlas.

A case of massive benign osteoblastoma involving the clivus and atlas is reported. Usually, these tumours involve the posterior elements of a vertebra and are detected when small as a result of the usual presenting symptom of pain. The unusual site, massive size and presentation with neurological deficits are rare for benign osteoblastomas. The problems encountered in the surgical management of the patient are discussed.

Cervical Atlas↗
PubMed1980

Rheumatoid backward dislocation of the atlas with compression of the spinal cord.

A 61-year-old man suffered a rheumatoid destruction of the dens of the C-2 vertebra with subsequent backward dislocation of the atlas resulting in tetraparesis. The clinical picture was consistent with a central spinal cord syndrome with motor impairment more of the upper than of the lower extremities. Reduction of the dislocation with skull traction followed by a posterior fixation from the occiput to C-3 resulted in a marked neurological restitution.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1976

Jefferson fracture of the atlas. Report of six cases.

Six cases of Jefferson fracture of the atlas are summarized. None had recognizable neurological signs that resulted from the injury when seen in the hospital. With conservative treatment, pain subsided and the fracture stabilized in a short period in all six patients. None of the patients underwent fusion of the cervical spine.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Neurosurgical management of acute atlas-axis combination fractures. A review of 25 cases.

Combination atlas-axis fractures occur relatively frequently and have a higher incidence of neurological morbidity than isolated C-1 or isolated C-2 injuries. Patients with combination C1-2 fracture-subluxation injuries should be studied with thin-section computerized tomography. Appropriate treatment is determined by the type of axis fracture present and includes surgical and nonsurgical strategies. An experience with 25 patients with combination C1-2 fractures is presented, and management and follow-up guidelines are reviewed.

Adolescent↗