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Bleeding tendency caused by the deposit of amyloid substance in the perivascular region.

A 55-year-old woman, who had systemic amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma, had sudden development of hematomas of her lip and upper eye lid. There was no evidence of deterioration of multiple myeloma, thrombocytopenia nor deficiency of coagulation factors. Biopsy specimen showed the deposit of amyloid substance in the dermis and perivascular region. The bleeding tendency in this patient with myeloma was likely due to the deposit of amyloid substance in the vascular wall; improvement was achieved with administration of hemostatic agents.

Adrenochrome↗

[Controlled study of iprazochrome effectiveness (Divascan) in prophylactic treatment of migraine].

The study was designed as double blind, placebo controlled. The patients were treated with 15 mg of iprazochrome daily in three equal doses for eight weeks, or--with equal amount of placebo tablets. The effectiveness was calculated with the use of Migraine Score (MS) by Couch et. al. 44 patients completed the study. In 21 the therapy was positive: 16 out of them were treated with iprazochrome, 5--with placebo. In 23 patients the treatment was negative: 19 out of them took placebo, 4--iprazochrome. Statistical analysis showed significant influence (chi 2 test: p < 0.001; Youle coeff. = 0.88). In iprazochrome group mean decrease of MS was significant after treatment (p < 0.01), but not significantly changed in the placebo group. According to our results iprazochrome was found effective in the prophylaxis of migraine.

Adrenochrome↗

[Prophylactic treatment of migraine].

Migraine belongs to the most frequent idiopathic headaches affecting 5-10% of the population. The knowledge of migraine pathogenesis is as yet insufficient for complete elucidation of its causes. There is no effective drug for all patients which could interrupt the attack or prevent its development. The methods of migraine prevention could be divided into pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Among the drugs used for attack prevention drugs are mentioned known and used since a long time and drugs less commonly used such as riboflavin, sulpiride, alpha-adrenolytic agents. Own experiences are presented with the use of iprasochrom for migraine prevention. Besides pharmacological methods also non-pharmacological methods are discussed which are applied for attack prevention.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

Double-blind, randomized clinical trial of troxerutin-carbazochrome in patients with hemorrhoids.

This multicenter, double-blind, randomised study was undertaken to determine the efficacy and safety of a combination of troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg compared to carbazochrome alone in patients with acute uncomplicated hemorrhoids. Patients were administered by the intramuscular route (one ampoule) twice daily for one week. Both subjective and objective efficacy variables significantly improved in the combination drug group only, thus demonstrating the rationale for a combination therapy. Treatments were safe and well tolerated either at a local or systemic level.

Adrenochrome↗

Parenteral troxerutin and carbazochrome combination in the treatment of post-hemorrhoidectomy status: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IV study.

Flavonoids, such as troxerutin, have been shown to be safe and effective agents for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. The fixed combination between troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg (Fleboside ampoules) was previously shown to have a good efficacy and safety profile in non-surgical patients with acute uncomplicated hemorrhoids. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of the active combination in the treatment of post-hemorrhoidectomy patients. 30 patients were randomized to receive one of two treatments: troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg, or placebo, i.m. 3 ml ampoules twice a day for five consecutive days after the surgical procedure, starting from the day of surgery. Efficacy parameters were assessed as follows: at baseline (T1), after the first administration (T2; day of surgery), the second day after the surgical procedure (T3), and the fifth day after the surgical procedure (T4); hemorrhoidal symptoms based on a visual analogue scale (VAS): pain, discharge, bleeding, inflammation, and pruritus; analgesic intake, if any; time to restore a physiological defecation; edema evaluation (based on a four-point scale: 0 = absent; 1 = mild; 2 = moderate; 3 = severe); camera pictures taken at T1 and T4 (in selected patients); and blood coagulation tests. Analysis between treatment groups revealed a highly significant difference at T3 and T4 for the total VAS score (p = 0.007 and p = 0.001, respectively) in favor of the active combination treatment. A statistically significant difference was also observed for bleeding and pruritus at T3 and for these two parameters and both inflammation and edema at T4 (p < 0.001) in favor of the active combination group. No adverse events were reported. Neither the active combination nor placebo affected blood coagulation tests. We conclude that intramuscular administration of the fixed combination of troxerutin 150 mg and carbazochrome 1.5 mg is effective, well tolerated and superior to placebo in improving hemorrhoidal and post-surgical symptoms during the five days following surgery.

Adrenochrome↗

[Host-guest molecule interaction mechanism of hemostatics with liposomes and red blood cells studied with fluorescence polarimetric method].

The supermolecule compounds of adrenobazone, p-aminomethylbenzoic acid, vitamin K1, 6-amino caproic acid with liposomes and red blood cells were studied by fluorescence polarimetric method. The mechanisms of formation of the supermolecule compounds were examined by fluorescence probe of the link of 1,6-dipheny-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) with liposomes which were taken as a model of blood cells. The interaction mechanism of hemostatics with red blood cells was described according the quantitative relationship between polarization value (P) and the microviscosity [formula: see text]. The result showed that the acting force between hemostatics and liposomes or that between hemostatics and red blood cells were mainly supermolecular acting force. The acting force between vitamin K1 and cytomembrane is hydrophobic force and those between adrenobazone, p-aminomethylbenzoic acid, or 6-amino caproic acid and cytomembrane are hydrogen bond or electrostatic force. Under the same drug concentration, all of the four haemostatics can reduce the fluidity of the cell membrane, which benefits blood coagulation. The binding ways of hemostatics with red blood cells was also discussed.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗

Membrane oxidative damage and apoptosis in cervical carcinoma cells of patients after radiation therapy.

This article describes evaluation of plasma membrane fluidity and intracellular SOD with relation to apoptotic death of cervical carcinoma cells after radiation therapy. Cells from biopsies of cancer patients (stage IIIB) prior to and 24 h after radiation dose of 2 Gy were examined. Plasma membrane fluidity, measured by fluorescence polarization of DPH incorporated into lipid bilayer and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, determined by epinephrine method, showed significant decrease but per cent apoptotic cells, as determined by annexin-V and TUNEL methods, were found increased by two folds after radiotherapy. It is suggested that decrease in DPH polarization in membrane, reduction in SOD activity and increased apoptosis in cervical cells of cancer patients treated with radiation may be consequent to oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may have implications in developing predictive protocol in cancer radiotherapy.

Adrenochrome↗