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[Forum: dermopigmentation or medical tattooing. Dermopigmentation with an esthetic aim. Apropos of 420 cases].

420 cases of chromatic skin corrections for medical or aesthetic reasons have been documented over the last 1-5 years. The author analyses cases based on local anatomy classification, so that good and poor results of the technique are clearly revealed. Results are then regrouped in a synthetic study, without distinction of anatomical area. This synthesis establishes a check list of defects inherent in the technique: pain or discomfort, poor smoothing-out of skin defects, far from natural chromatic variations of the skin, dull lacklustre colours, short-lasting pigmentation, and chromatic instability of dyes. All these pigmentations were performed using basic techniques and medical pigments. The author suggests that in the future these defects should be corrected by: more systematic use of dyes used by tattoo artists, addition of a gloss in the dyes, transparent technique, anaesthetic skin cream.

Alopecia↗

[Forum: dermopigmentation or medical tattooing. Dermography in cancerology. Apropos of 220 clinical cases].

Based on a series of 220 cases of reconstruction (63 cases) or correction (67 cases) of the nipple-areolar complex and various extramammary procedures (tattoo scar revision, lips, eyebrows, eyelashes) (90 cases), the authors present their 2-year experience of medical dermography in a cancer centre. Dermography allows breast reconstruction to be completed in a large number of patients who had initially refused to complete their reconstruction. This minimally aggressive outpatient technique which reconstitutes the areolo-nipple complex with sufficient quality, is now part of reconstruction protocols and is gradually replacing surgical techniques.

Breast Neoplasms↗

Experiences and influences of women with cosmetic tattooing.

Cosmetic tattooing (permanent makeup of eyebrows, eyeliner, or lipliner) procedures are flourishing among women worldwide. Recurrent themes provide knowledge and understanding so dermatology nurses can aid in their procedural decision making.

Cosmetics↗

Tattooing, body piercing, and permanent cosmetics: a historical and current view of state regulations, with continuing concerns.

The popularity of tattooing, body piercing, and permanent cosmetics demands up-to-date state legislation. The objective of this article is to present a historical perspective and nationwide review of current state regulations for body art. Methods comprised Internet and telephone inquiries to state agencies. It was found that while 36 states have changed their body art legislation since 1998, the overall strength of the regulations varies widely. The author concludes that it is unrealistic, given the amount of body art performed in the United States, to prohibit body art, emphasize only business licensing, or have limited state regulations while local municipalities establish separate policies. Concerns remain about standard precautions, adequate documentation of complications, and lack of uniform regulations. Quality protection will mean taking a more comprehensive approach to effective regulations and enforcement.

Body Piercing↗

Graphite tattoo: report of a case and differential diagnosis.

A case report underlining the necessity of the biopsy procedure for a pigmented lesion of unknown origin. A female patient was referred for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on the facial keratinized gingiva coronal to the free gingival margin above tooth No. 7. An excisional biopsy revealed a graphite tattoo. A discussion and differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions follows.

Adult↗

Inflammatory reactions from organic pigments in red tattoos.

Two different red pigments used for tattooing were found to give rise to inflammatory reactions in the skin. No inorganic component was found in the pigments. NMR and MS analyses elucidated the molecular structures of two different organic compounds. A bright red pigment was found to be an aromatic azo-derivative, and a red-violet pigment was found to be linear quinacridone. A strong exposure to UV-light was reported in most cases prior to the onset of the inflammation.

Acridines↗

[Pseudolymphoma following tattooing].

A single pseudolymphoma in the area of a tattoo is reported. Histological examination revealed an infiltrate composed of lymphocytes and histiocytes, and also confluent epithelioid cell aggregates without germinal centres. Immunohistologically, mainly T-lymphocytes and dendritic cells were demonstrable.

Adult↗

A simple method of tattoo removal.

The use of trichloracetic acid in the treatment of decorative tattoos is described. The technique is simple to perform. No anaesthesia or analgesia is required. Complications are uncommon and usually minor. Trichloracetic acid acts by inflicting a chemical burn.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

[The mini-punch technic: a method for late removal of traumatic facial tattooing].

Immediate treatment of traumatic facial tattooing using simple brush abrasion usually has good results. In contrast, late removal of incorporated particles mostly leaves scars and is only partially effective. In such cases we tested an excisional technique using minipunches, which was originally designed for the reconstruction of frontal hairlines in grafting to correct male pattern baldness. Although it is so time-consuming, we regard this approach as the method of choice, because it yields good cosmetic results and is easy to carry out, and because there are no adequate alternatives.

Blast Injuries↗

Mascara and eyelining tattoos: MRI artifacts.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very useful in the evaluation of ocular and orbital disease. Heavy metal particles, used in the pigment base of mascara and eyelining tattoos, have a paramagnetic effect that causes alteration of the local magnetic field in adjacent tissues. These changes in normal signal result in distortion of the globes. In some cases, the distortion may mimic actual ocular disease such as a ciliary body melanoma or cyst.

Cosmetics↗

Tattoos.

Tattoo removal is a difficult, risky task that should not be undertaken lightly. Postprocedural scars are inevitable and unavoidable. Salabrasion is often the best removal procedure, if it will work. Also included for discussion are various excision techniques.

Dermabrasion↗

Eyelid tattooing.

Tattooing has recently regained popularity in medicine. Cosmetic blepharopigmentation for eyelid enhancement by permanent eyeliner has received considerable attention. In addition, permanent pigmentation has been used for eyebrow simulation, camouflaging of scars, nipple areolar pigmentation following breast reconstruction, and the management of several other pigment disorders. This article emphasizes the principles and technique of blepharopigmentation.

Burns↗

Cutaneous inoculation tuberculosis secondary to 'jailhouse tattooing'.

Cutaneous inoculation tuberculosis is rare in the United States today. When seen, it usually occurs in individuals whose occupations or environments place them at increased risk for exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The reaction of the skin to M tuberculosis infection is polymorphous and depends upon the interplay of bacterial virulence and host immunity. Thus, both a high index of suspicion and positive cultures are required to make the diagnosis. Herein, we report a case of cutaneous inoculation tuberculosis occurring in a tattoo.

Adult↗