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Results for “Social Behavior Disorders”

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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Low body weight in male children and adolescents with schizoid personality disorder or Asperger's disorder.

This study explored the hypothesis that body weight is reduced in male children and adolescents with schizoid personality disorder or Asperger's disorder. The body weights of 33 consecutively admitted male subjects with one of these disorders were retrospectively assessed with percentiles for the body mass index (BMI). The mean percentile (+/- SD) for the BMI was 31.6 +/- 27.6 and differed significantly from the expected value of 50 (P<0.001). Ten subjects had a BMI of < or = 10th age percentile. Post hoc comparisons revealed that BMI percentiles were (a) reduced to a similar extent in patients with schizoid personality disorder and Asperger's disorder and (b) reduced to a greater extent in patients with abnormal eating behaviour. During childhood and adolescence both diagnoses are associated with an increased risk of being underweight. Population-based BMI percentiles are useful for detecting associations between specific psychopathological syndromes and body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological aspects in children and adolescents with hypopituitarism.

Psychological studies in children with stunted growth have partly shown inconsistent results due to heterogeneity of samples and the use of non-standardized test procedures. We have examined patients with proven hypopituitarism using a selection of standardized and age-related psychological tests. Forty-eight patients, 32 male, 16 female, age 6 to 26 years with isolated growth hormone deficiency (n = 22) and multiple pituitary deficiencies (n = 26) were investigated. The patients had had hormonal substitution therapy for 0.1-16.8 years. Test procedures included evaluation of intelligence and various personality parameters. Full score IQ was in the average range. Despite these findings a high percentage of patients had delayed schooling or had to repeat a class. They were normal regarding emotional balance and frustration tolerance and did not show any tendency towards depression or psychosomatic disorders. Social behavior was characterized by an infantile attitude toward their personal environment. The patients showed a tendency to avoid aggressiveness in frustrating situations. In contrast to the results of these tests, a non-standarized interview demonstrated that the majority of patients had serious problems because of their short stature, including difficulties in finding social contacts. Continuous medical and psychological guidance is therefore recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Face to face with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

ISSUES AND PURPOSE: Chronic illness is a way of life for parents of children with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), a rare progressive congenital disease that has as its defining feature a port wine stain. This case study describes the experience of one family living with a child with SWS. CONCLUSIONS: This family's struggle with a devastating syndrome and the ways in which they coped and maintained hope inform all those who care for families living with a chronically ill, disabled child. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Social support is critical for families facing overwhelming care needs. Families also need anticipatory guidance about child rearing, developmental milestones, decision making, and coping strategies. Additionally, families may need help in mobilizing professional and family resources and in effectively using available services.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1975

Peer behavior conceptualized as a variable influencing infant and toddler development.

It is hypothesized that interaction between infants may serve to facilitate their overall behavioral development, particularly if the environment is structured to maximize the developmental quality of the interaction. The developmental literature, which has largely ignorned the potential value of infant peer interaction is reviewed, and several lines of psychological theory and investigation are cited in support of the hypothesis. Development of a technology for enhancing infant interaction is proposed, and initial research questions are suggested.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Teachers' views on bullying: definitions, attitudes and ability to cope.

BACKGROUND: Teachers play a crucial role in preventing and managing the widespread problem of bullying. Despite this, scant attention has been paid to their views on this type of problem. AIMS: To determine (i) what behaviours teachers regard as bullying; (ii) teachers' attitudes towards bullying, bullies and victims; (iii) teachers' self-beliefs about their ability to deal with bullying and their need for training; (iv) teachers' views of their responsibility for bullying in various locations; (v) the impact of length of service on attitudes and perceived ability to cope with bullying. SAMPLE: Pre-, infant, junior, and secondary school teachers (N = 138) from schools selected on a convenience basis. Age range 19 to 57 years (mean = 35.8), length of teaching experience range one to 38 years (mean = 12.2 years). METHODS: Standardised questionnaire completed and returned within a one-week period. RESULTS: Teachers viewed a wide range of behaviours as bullying, but significantly more agreed that some items (e.g., 'Threatening people verbally') were bullying than agreed others were (e.g., 'Leaving people out'). Teachers expressed generally negative attitudes towards bullying and bullies, and were generally sympathetic towards victims, although sympathy diminished with increasing length of service. Teachers, regardless of length of service, were not confident in their ability to deal with bullying and 87 per cent wanted more training. Significantly more teachers felt responsible for preventing bullying in the classroom and playground than outside of school. CONCLUSION: School psychologists must consider teachers' views about many aspects of the problem of bullying if they are to devise optimum strategies for tackling it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Attitude-behaviour correlation, social desirability and perceived diagnostic value.

The correlations between attitude scales and behavioural criteria were studied. A multiple act criterion was found to be more predictable than the average predictability of single criteria. The predictability of single criteria was related to the domain representatives of criteria and how much act performance correlated with rated social desirability of the act. Domain representativeness was uncorrelated with the correlation between act performance and social desirability. Perceived diagnostic properties of acts were also related to attitude-criterion correlations.

Adolescent↗