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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Prior relationship, resistance, and injury in rapes: an analysis of crisis center records.

Information about the rapes of 2,526 adult females was coded from the records of a rape crisis center to test the hypothesis that physically resisting a stranger would be more strongly related to injury than would physically resisting someone known to the victim. Among other differences, attacks by strangers were more likely to involve a weapon and to occur outdoors than were attacks by nonstrangers, and victims were less likely to physically resist strangers than nonstrangers. Across the entire sample, multivariate analyses revealed that physical resistance was significantly related to injury, even when other factors were held constant. Consistent with the hypothesis, physical resistance was more strongly related to injury when the rapist was a stranger than when the rapist was known to the victim.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Importance of the initial examination after a rape in considering the criminal penalty and indemnification of the victim in a civil suit. Review of the documents from one Court of Assizes over 11 years].

The gynaecologist-obstetrician may be the medical witness who has to give evidence about the extent of the initial trauma after the presumption of a sexual assault on a victim who comes to consult him, or as an expert witness. The certificate that he gives at the time of the first consultation is an essential document for the examining magistrates who have to decide whether there has been an offence. It is also a very great help to support the brief for the lawyers in a civil action taken by the victim, who is claiming damages as compensation for physical or psychological damage resulting from the sexual abuse. The authors reported it useful to look through 64 case documents that were considered in 11 years. They studied the differences in the penalties that were awarded for criminal offences and the sums of money for indemnity that were awarded in civil cases. These were before the new law concerning rape was passed on the 23rd December 1980, and after this law had been applied. It tends to improve the position for the victim in civil cases and increases the sentences that can be passed for aggravated rape (as on a minor by an adult, or in particular somebody who has a position of responsibility to the child). The authors point out especially how important it is to take note of sexual precocity and to have a detailed account of the first investigations carried out after the sexual assault. These can be used to make the sentences differ and to make it possible to increase and widen the awards given to compensate the victims. As far as civil action is concerned, as there is usually a fixed scale for every regional Court of Assizes according to a definite formula, it is advisable according to the authors that the initial expert assessment presented by the magistrates should establish in its conclusions the details of the indemnity to be considered by professional judges of the Assize juries. They should take particular notice of added injuries that are not physical and are often not considered, such as pain and suffering, loss of pleasure and the aesthetic, the sexual, the obstetrical and the moral as well as the juvenile points of view. In certain cases ad full medical assessment presented before the end of the case will help the professional judges of the jury of Assizes who have to give judgment in a civil action by giving them information that will support the true interests of the victim.

Expert Testimony↗
PubMed1986

Factitious rape: a case report.

The author reports a case of factitious rape in a psychiatric inpatient. To his knowledge, this is the first case report of this syndrome in the medical literature. This case is related to the signs and symptoms commonly found in Munchausen Syndrome. The question of the relationship of factitious rape to borderline personality disorder and to disturbed sexual identity is raised. Physicians are urged to develop an index of suspicion for factitious disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The active and passive fantasy of rape as a specific determinant in a case of acrophobia.

Acrophobia is generally understood as a defensive reaction against the wish to lose control of sexual impulses, but the precise nature of some of the fantasies involved has not been extensively elaborated. Associations, memories, and the analysis of a re-enactment in the treatment of a young woman demonstrated that the wish to rape and be raped were specific determinants of her severe acrophobia. The case presented also illustrates that in a true hysterical phobia genital dynamics predominate, albeit coloured and influenced in part by important pre-oedipal determinants.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Genital injury and implied consent to alleged rape.

A review of 440 cases of reported rape was undertaken to see if sustaining injury to the genital area was an inevitable consequence of being raped. Injuries to areas other than the genital were taken as objective evidence that the victim did not consent to the encounter, while sperm found in her vagina that could not be accounted for by voluntary coitus was taken as objective evidence that penile penetration of the vagina had occurred. Of the 75 victims with objective evidence of both noncompliance and vaginal penetration, 28% sustained genital injury. The absence of genital injury does not imply consent by the victim or the absence of vaginal penetration by the assailant.

Expert Testimony↗
PubMed1985

Rape--victiminological and psychiatric aspects.

Rape is a violent crime in which sexuality is used to express power, anger, and aggression. The nature of the victim's reactions, which resembles those of other violent crimes, is discussed in relation to its origin in the doctrine of victimology. The distress experienced by victims of rape should entitle them to the same standards of care and sympathy as victims of other life crises.

Counseling↗
PubMed1979

Hospitals respond to rising rape rate.

As the rape rate increases, hospitals increasingly are being called upon to treat rape victims/Proper evidence collection and sympathetic care can help law enforcement officials as well as victims.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1977

Rape: an organized approach to evaluation and treatment.

Rape is a rapidly spreading form of violence. The physician must examine and treat the victim and establish an adequate record for legal purposes. Treatment of the victim includes follow-up for late-emerging ego disruption and is greatly aided by employing the assistance of organized agencies such as a hospital-based Social Service or a Rape Crisis Center. It is also important that the victim receive adequate protection against venereal disease and pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Management of the rape victim.

If a rape crisis center and specialized personnel are not available, the family physician can adequately examine and treat the rape victim as well as collect and properly handle all the required medical evidence. The detailed history has several facets. Laboratory confirmation can be obtained for prior consensual intercourse, sodomy and other special aspects. Treatment is indicated for the prevention of venereal disease and pregnancy. Psychologic support is essential. The physician's examination and testimony can play an important legal role.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Rape--a survey of victims presenting at a district hospital.

Thirty-three victims of alleged forcible rape who presented at Jubilee Community Hospital, near Hammanskraal, Tvl, during the 10-week period 14 February - 30 April 1982 were interviewed, examined, treated and followed up by the author. The victims, their reactions, the assailants, the circumstances of the rape and the medicolegal evidence are analysed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Comment on ethical issues in Malamuth, Heim, and Feshbach's "Sexual responsiveness of college students to rape depictions: inhibitory and disinhibitory effects".

Malamuth, Heim, and Feshbach's concern about presenting "totally false" rape depictions to students and editorial request for comment led to review of the following: (a) possible effects of exposure and debriefing, which were not evaluated; (b) responsibilities in interpretation when data differ from expectations and for males and females; and (c) communications to the public. A reviewer questioned classroom testing on rape depictions.

Affect↗
PubMed1995

Nightmares of a hospitalized rape victim.

The author presents case material, including nightmares, of a recently raped female psychiatric inpatient. The material shows dream dynamics that include latent content, dreamwork, secondary revision, and unconscious wishes that attempted to deal with this woman's sense of fragility, guilt, and especially shame. The author suggests that such dreams deal not simply with the trauma of forced sexual contact, but also with the coexisting fear and humiliation related to the risk of being murdered; with preexisting trauma that amplifies the shame and guilt; and with the anticipation of retraumatization during heightened posttraumatic vulnerability. Although conclusions from a single case cannot be generalized to all rape victims, a close examination of the clinical data suggests that treatment needs go far beyond consideration of the traumatic event in isolation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Psychological study of rape victims].

This paper covers a study of rape victims, according to the records of Clinic for Gynekology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad, in terms of the late psychological and psychiatric consequences. Several methods were used: special questionnaire, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory for estimating personality and selfdescriptive scale of depression, Beck Depression Inventory. Results emphasize that the group with the highest rape risk consists of female persons aged from 22 to 30 years, single, without children and with lower education level. Psychological and psychiatric and analysis shows pathological personality of victims in most cases. All victims tested, expressed intensive or mild degree of depression. Analysis of offense situation points to significant degree of victimization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Rape trauma syndrome in the military courts.

The military courts have developed a rich case law tradition in the area of rape trauma syndrome testimony. These cases are particularly important in the context of a military that is both increasingly female and increasingly sensitive to mixed gender relationships. This article reviews the military court's approach to rape trauma testimony over the past 15 years. The author notes that military courts have been accepting of this testimony within certain well defined limits. The author analyzes the approach to testimony at one military medical center and offers a testimony model for the forensic psychiatrist who testifies in a military setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The rape victim: a review of 117 consecutive cases.

The case records of 117 women examined at University Hospital for the complaint of alleged rape have been reviewed. The usual victim was white, single, under the age of 25 years, and attacked by a single assailant. Fifteen patients sustained serious physical injury, and 60 received minor injuries. Six children required hospitalization for reparative surgery. One patient required hospitalization for 9 days secondary to severe emotional stress. The number of attacks was lowest in the daytime and highest from midnight to 6:00 AM. Cultures from the endocervix were positive for gonorrhea in 12% of rape victims. Unfortunately, it would appear from public records that there is little hope of the attackers being convicted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Rape and sexually transmitted diseases].

Rape can be described in medical, ethical, psychological and legal aspects. This paper presents contemporary view on epidemiology and preventive strategies of sexually transmitted diseases in the case of rape.

Female↗
PubMed2006

Expression of green fluorescent protein in pollen of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and its utility for assessing pollen movement in the field.

Transgene movement via pollen is an important component of gene flow from transgenic plants. Here, we present proof-of-concept studies that demonstrate the monitoring of short distant movement of pollen expressing a genetically encoded fluorescent tag in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Westar). Transgenic oilseed rape plants were produced using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method with the pBINDC1 construct containing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) variant, mGFP5-ER, under the control of the pollen-specific LAT59 promoter from tomato. Transgenic pollen was differentiated from non-transgenic pollen in vivo by a unique spectral signature, and was shown to be an effective tool to monitor pollen movement in the greenhouse and field. GFP-tagged pollen also served as a practical marker to determine the zygosity of plants. In a greenhouse pollen flow study, more pollen was captured at closer distances from the source plant plot with consistent wind generated by a fan. Under field conditions, GFP transgenic pollen grains were detected up to a distance of 15 m, the farthest distance from source plants assayed. GFP-tagged pollen was easily distinguishable from non-transgenic pollen using an epifluorescence microscope.

Brassica napus↗
PubMed1975

[Behavior of fat constitutents during refining. 8. Determination of polymeric fatty acids in rape seed oil and their behavior during refining].

1. Studies on rape-seed oil have shown that the determination of oxypolymers by means of the method according to Rost (determination of fatty acids insoluble in petroleum ether) yields unsatisfactory results. By way of contrast, the gravimetric determination (after isolation of the polymers via the non-urea adduct fatty acid methyl esters and thin-layer chromatographic separation), as proposed by the authors, permits to obtain results of good reproducibility and to determine thermopolymers and oxypolymers separately. 2. During the refining of rape-seed oil, it was observed that its polymer content decreased considerably on bleaching, and increased on deodorizing.

Color↗