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Fabrication of an ocular prosthesis.
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Fabrication of a nose prosthesis.
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[Some reflections on normality and esthetics in dental prosthesis].
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Effect of age on colour of dentition of Baghdad patients.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of age on tooth colour and to record the range of tooth colour in patients in Baghdad, Iraq. A total of 650 patients who were treated by fixed prosthesis were included in the study. In younger patients the commonest colours found in teeth were white-red and yellow. The proportion of patients with grey colour and red-grey increased with age. Since each tooth might possess different shades in its surface, the quadrant method of shade selection is recommended.
Prosthesis-patient size: measurement and clinical implications.
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Prosthetic replacement of the inferior vena cava after resection of a pheochromocytoma.
A 52-year-old man had an extensive right adrenal pheochromocytoma with invasion of the pararenal inferior vena cava (IVC). Tumor resection required en bloc resection of the infrahepatic IVC. The right kidney was not involved with tumor. Reconstruction of the IVC was performed with an externally supported, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft with reimplantation of the right renal veins into the prosthesis. Postoperative patency of the IVC graft and renal veins was confirmed by venacavography and color-flow duplex scanning. This latter technique has been used to document interval patency of the IVC graft 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery.
Assessment of mechanical aortic valve prosthesis by means of Doppler echocardiography: what to measure and why?
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Assessment of colour differences in silicone hand and digit prostheses: perceptible and acceptable thresholds for fair and dark skin shades.
This study addresses the dilemma of initial clinical and social acceptance of a newly fabricated silicone prosthesis in relation to its colour match to the natural skin. This was achieved by derivation of specific colour difference thresholds defining perceptible and acceptable levels of colour sensitivity. Two separate sets of 10 fair and dark shade digit prosthesis samples were each fabricated with a stepped increase in colour difference (deltaE) against the baseline hand prosthesis. Ninety individuals with normal colour vision scores were selected as colour assessors. The colour difference of each prosthesis in the two series was evaluated visually against the baseline by the assessors, using defined scores. The thresholds for perceptible and acceptable colour difference determined in this study were deltaE= 0.8 and deltaE= 1.8 for the fair series and deltaE = 1.3 and deltaE = 2.6 for the dark series, respectively. The acceptable threshold values differed from the perceptible threshold values by deltaE= 1.0 for the fair-shade samples and deltaE= 1.3 for the dark-shade samples. This study demonstrated that subjective visual assessment is positively correlated with deltaE values computed from colorimetric measurements for both fair and dark-shade silicone samples (p<0.001). This results shows that human subjects with normal colour vision are capable of accurately assessing colour differences. These observations emphasize the importance of subjective feedback on colour by the patient, provided the latter has perfect colour-tested vision. The study also showed that human subjects were less sensitive to perceived colour differences in darker-shade than fairer-shade samples (p < 0.001). This finding seems relevant in a clinical setting involving a multi-ethnic patient population.
Maxillofacial reconstruction technique. 3. Extrinsic tinting and delivery of the prosthesis.
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Color Doppler imaging of modified Blalock-Taussig shunts during infancy.
To assess the role of color Doppler echocardiography in the early postoperative evaluation of patients with a Blalock-Taussig shunt we examined 13 consecutive infants who underwent insertion of either a modified right (6 patients) or a modified left (7 patients) Blalock-Taussig shunt (age range 7 days to 6 months, mean age 8 weeks). Examination of the patients in a high parasternal right or left long axis was able to determine patency of the shunt in 12 patients. In the remaining patient, who did not show flow in the shunt, complete occlusion of the shunt was confirmed by angiography. From subcostal views we were able to demonstrate patency of the shunt in 75% of the infants and in all patients younger than 4 weeks of age. In our experience color Doppler echocardiography is a highly reliable method for early postoperative evaluation of infants with a Blalock-Taussig shunt.
Color Doppler imaging of modified Blalock-Taussig shunts during infancy.
To assess the role of color Doppler echocardiography in the early postoperative evaluation of patients with a Blalock-Taussig shunt we examined 13 consecutive infants who underwent insertion of either a modified right (6 patients) or a modified left (7 patients) Blalock-Taussig shunt (age range 7 days to 6 months, mean age 8 weeks). Examination of the patients in a high parasternal right or left long axis was able to determine patency of the shunt in 12 patients. In the remaining patient, who did not show flow in the shunt, complete occlusion of the shunt was confirmed by angiography. From subcostal views we were able to demonstrate patency of the shunt in 75% of the infants and in all patients younger than 4 weeks of age. In our experience color Doppler echocardiography is a highly reliable method for early postoperative evaluation of infants with a Blalock-Taussig shunt.
Age dependency of neointima formation on vascular prostheses in dogs.
Neointima formed quickly on vascular prostheses implanted in young dogs but not in aged dogs. Previously, we found that impeding neointima formation on vascular prostheses occurred more frequently in aged animals. From these observations, we hypothesized that neointima formation was age-dependent in dogs. To test the hypothesis, 26 fabric Dacron vascular prostheses were analyzed. Half of them were retrieved from aged dogs (more than 13 years old) while the other half were from young ones (less than 1 year old). The grafts were harvested at 8 weeks and 3 months after implantation. The graft surfaces were photographed and analyzed by computer for the ratio of the areas with and without thrombus. Light and scanning electron microscopic observation revealed that most of the thrombus-free areas were lined with endothelial cells. Then the endothelialized areas were calculated. Using data obtained from macroscopic, light microscopic, and scanning electron microscopic observations, the arithmetic means were calculated as the degree of neointima formation. In young animals, the degrees at 8 weeks and at 3 months were 89.1 +/- 8.5% (mean +/- SD) and 95.7 +/- 3.3%, respectively. In old animals, they were 27.9 +/- 5.9% and 31.5 +/- 6. 8%, respectively. From these results, we concluded that neointima formation was age-dependent in dogs.
Surface characterization of the silicone rubber prosthesis.
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[Intermittent diastolic dysfunction of a mechanical aortic prosthesis: a clinical case].
We describe the case of a 48 year-old man whose Sorin bileaflet aortic prosthesis presented persistent systolic and intermittent diastolic failure due to fibrous tissue overgrowth in the left ventricular outflow tract.
Gingival masks: a simple prosthesis to improve the appearance of teeth.
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An unexpected echocardiographic image after repair of an aortic aneurysm.
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[Changes in the physiologic pattern of mitral prosthesis regurgitation in the presence of a prosthetic dysfunction].
AIM OF STUDY: Evaluation by transesophageal echocardiography of the effect on the characteristics of physiological regurgitant jets (JF) resulting from prosthetic disfunction due to pathologic regurgitation (JF). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 69 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of prosthesis in mitral position using transesophageal echocardiography and color doppler codification. The patients were divided in two groups (N and D groups) according to the presence of prosthesis disfunction by pathologic regurgitation. In each patient we determined planimetric areas and atrial peak depth of each JF and also the sum of JF planimetric areas of each mitral prosthesis. When pathological regurgitation was present we calculated the highest planimetric area, severity degree and atrial peak depth in each JP. RESULTS: The planimetric area in each JF of group N was 330 +/- 167 mm2 and in group D 117 +/- 116 mm2 (p less than 0.001). The sum of the areas of JF in group N was 474 +/- 204 mm2 and in group D 254 +/- 176 mm2 (p less than 0.01). The atrial depth of JF in group was 32 +/- 15 mm and in group D 26 +/- 18 mm (p less than 0.01). In group D 29% of the patients had mild pathological regurgitation, 10% moderate and 61% severe. The maximum planimetric area of JP in group D was 1078 +/- 1007 mm2 with atrial depth of 37 +/- 28 mm. CONCLUSION: The pathological regurgitation in disfunction prosthesis in mitral position has a significant reduction effect in the dimension of prosthesis physiologic regurgitation jets. This transesophageal echocardiographic observation makes it possible to characterize and clarify more precisely the different types of mitral prosthesis jets.