Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Propiolactone”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Clinical trial of YU BHK Rabivak vaccine against rabies in volunteers].

The BHK (baby hamster kidney) continual cell line has been used for years in the production of rabies vaccine for animals. Becouse of the rich harvesting of rabies virus from this cell substrate, there is no need of the an additional virus concentration, so that the vaccine production can be organised in small local Pasteur Institutes as well. Although its long-range use in the veterinary medicine has proved that the BHK line is safe and that the vaccine is immunogenic, its use in the human medicine has been only recently studied. According to the latest recommendations of the Expert Committee for the Biological Standardisation of the WHO from 1998, residual cellular DNA in the vaccine is not a potential risk because the inactivation of the vaccine by the beta-propiolactone completely inactivates its possible biologic activity. In the work, the authors report the results of the third phase of the clinical trail of the YU BHK Rabivak vaccine on volunteers. The rabies vaccine studied, named YU BHK Rabivak, produced by Novi Sad Pasteur Institute, caused the generation of protective titre of virus-neutralising antibodies in all examinees: in 96.4% after 2 doses, in 99% after 3 doses, and in 100% after 4 and 5 doses of the vaccine. The registered side effects were expected, mild, did not need medical treatment, and were not more frequent than in the case of other vaccines from cell culture.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Production of a noninfectious ornithosis hemagglutinin preparation].

One of the main obstacles to introduction of the HI test in to extensive use is the high infectivity of the causative agent suspensions used as the source of hemagglutinin (HA). The sterilizing effect of UV-rays, high temperature (56 -60 degrees C) and beta-propiolactone was studied in attempts at preparation of noninfectious ornithosis HA. Only BPL was found to be effective. By this method of treatment of the allantoic fluid a noninfectious preparation of ornithosis HA was obtained which was highly active and stable upon storage. It may be used for diagnostic studies in clinical laboratories.

Chlamydophila psittaci↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Protection against SIV infection in macaques by immunization with inactivated virus from the BK28 molecular clone, but not with BK28-derived recombinant env and gag proteins.

Vaccination of cynomolgus macaques with beta-propiolactone inactivated SIVmacBK28 in Freund's adjuvant induced low but detectable levels of anti-SIV envelope (env) antibodies and T-cell responses and protected against challenge with the 32H isolate of SIVmac251 grown in C8166 cells. In contrast, purified recombinant SIV env and gag proteins derived from BK28 formulated in Syntex adjuvant generated consistent and long-lived cellular and humoral immune responses to SIV env, but failed to protect against infection with the 32H virus. Thus, protection against a heterogeneous challenge stock is possible by immunization with a molecularly-cloned virus, but not with recombinant proteins from the same molecular origin. High levels of anti-cell antibodies induced by the whole virus vaccine, but not by recombinant proteins, may have contributed to the protection observed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Establishment of batch 4 of the Biological Reference Preparation (BRP) for rabies vaccine (inactivated) for veterinary use.

9 laboratories from 7 countries including both laboratories from the public and private sector participated in a collaborative study organised under the aegis of the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines Biological Standardisation Programme in order to establish batch 4 of the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) Biological Reference Preparation (BRP) for rabies vaccine (inactivated) for veterinary use. Establishment of Ph. Eur. BRP batch 4 was necessary in order to replace Ph. Eur. BRP batch 3, the stocks of which were dwindling. 8 laboratories provided results. Ph. Eur. BRP batch 4 was calibrated against the 5th International Standard for inactivated rabies vaccine in International Units (IU) using the vaccination challenge method of the Ph. Eur. monograph 0451. The International Standard (IS), Ph. Eur. BRP batch 4 and batch 3 are all freeze-dried vaccines prepared by beta-propiolactone inactivation of the Pitman Moore strain of rabies. Based on the results of the study, a potency of 11 IU/vial was assigned to Ph. Eur. BRP batch 4 for rabies vaccine (inactivated) for veterinary use. Nevertheless, it was noted that the vaccination challenge assay used as the "golden standard" for potency determination of inactivated rabies vaccines for veterinary use is a crude assay requiring the use of a large number of animals. Evidence from this study and from the collaborative study to establish Ph. Eur. BRP batch 3 suggests that the assay is difficult to perform and provides highly variable results. The validation of a suitable in vitro alternative is therefore highly recommended, as is the possible improvement of the in vivo assay, which will most likely remain the "golden" standard.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Development of purified HFRS bivalent vaccine].

AIM: To develop the purified HFRS bivalent vaccine. METHODS: LR1 (type I) and R22 (type II) of HFRS virus were cultured respectively in Vero cells. The viral suspensions were harvested, inactivated with beta-propiolactone, concentrated by ultra-filtration, purified by zone centrifugation, and desucrosed by column chromatography. The qualified vaccine bulks of type I and type II were mixed equally and absorbed with AI(OH)3 for preparation of 3 lots vaccines. RESULTS: The 3 lots vaccines all passed examination carried out by ourselves and reexamination performed by National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products . One of 3 lots has been used in clinical trial. CONCLUSION: It is practical to develop the purified HFRS bivalent vaccine by Vero cell culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Safety tests of the intravenous tolerance of immunoglobulins. Multicenter study of the section 'Blood Plasma Constituents' of the German Association of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology (DGTI).

The Working Group 'Blood Plasma Constituents' of the DGTI has carried out four multicenter trials with human immunoglobulins for intravenous application (IVIG). The ACA method elaborated here has led to relatively consistent ACA results for commercially available IVIG preparations in the participating laboratories. On their own, the in vitro tolerance tests of the IVIGs are not sufficient for safety testing, since there is no clear correlation between the ACA values and the tolerance in a rat model in which changes of blood pressure, pulse rate, ECG and respiratory resistance after administration of IVIGs are determined. The role of polymer constituents in tolerance reactions is to be regarded as substantiated, whereas the tolerance of the dimer fractions of beta-propiolactone-treated IVIGs does not differ appreciably from that of their monomer constituents. Determination of the IgG subclass composition requires standardization. The collation of the antibody specificities to the subclasses must be clarified before making inferences with regard to the clinical significance of the subclass composition of the preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Viral safety in hemotherapy. Current aspects of hepatitis C and parvovirus B19 detection for plasma component therapy].

A major risk of plasma component therapy was the transmission of infectious diseases. Heat inactivation, TNBP/detergent- or beta-propiolactone/UV-treatment were introduced to reduce the risk of virus transmission, most notably those that cause hepatitis or AIDS. Therefore we discuss topical problems of virus inactivation, particularly for the recently discovered hepatitis C-virus and the well-known parvovirus B19.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed2006

[The development of mucosal vaccines].

The live oral polio vaccine was the first mucosal vaccine accepted for general use. Since then, similar vaccines have been developed against typhoid fever, cholera and rotavirus infection, and a nasal vaccine against influenza has recently been registered in the USA. The only non-living mucosal vaccine on the market today is an oral cholera vaccine consisting of inactivated Vibrio cholerae and the B subunit of cholera toxin. Several groups of scientists are at present working on the development of other mucosal vaccines based on inactivated microbes or parts of them. Results from animal trials at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, suggest that non-living nasal vaccines can provide protective immunity and may be combined with the same types of vaccines for injection. Clinical trials with nasal vaccines consisting of beta-propiolactone inactivated influenza particles, showed that it was possible to achieve serum concentrations of antibodies at levels providing protection against influenza. IgA antibodies, which were formed in nasal secretions, were specifically aimed at influenza and ought to hinder the spread of the disease. By optimizing the immunization regimes so that the immunological memory is better exploited, and by adding adjuvants to the formulations, it is probable that non-living mucosal vaccines can be realistic alternatives to several of the vaccines now given by injection.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1991

Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits: vaccination and immune response.

Results are presented for the large-scale use of a tissue vaccine, inactivated with beta-propiolactone and containing aluminium hydroxide adjuvant, against viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits. The kinetics of haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies over eighteen months, the response of vaccinated animals to challenge infection with field virus between six and fifteen months after vaccination, the serological response to revaccination, and the immunological mechanisms involved in primary vaccination and revaccination were investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Long-term results of aortic valve replacement with nonviable homografts.

Between 1965 and 1972, 250 patients (186 men and 64 women; median age, 48 years) underwent aortic valve replacement with homografts preserved with beta-propiolactone (98 patients) or irradiation (152 patients); operative mortality was 6% (15 patients). Follow-up to death, reoperation, or recent evaluation was completed in 95% of patients, and median follow-up time was 11.4 years. Thromboembolic events occurred in two patients (0.21 events/100 patients/yr). Risk of reoperation was 22% at 5 years, 62% at 10 years, 85% at 15 years, and 95% at 20 years. Factors associated with increased risk of reoperation were young age, male sex, native aortic valve insufficiency, previous aortic valve surgery, history of endocarditis, and larger homograft size. Survival at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years was 85%, 66%, 53%, and 38%, respectively. Late survival was diminished in older patients and those with native aortic valve insufficiency and coronary artery disease. Aortic valve replacement with nonviable homografts has a high risk of late tissue degeneration and need for reoperation. However, the incidence of thromboemboli is minimal, and grafts can be replaced with low risk (4.5%) so that overall patient survival is similar to that observed with other bioprosthetic or mechanical heart valves.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of inactivated Sendai virus on polyomavirus adsorption and penetration].

The quantitative study of adsorption, elution, and penetration of oncogenic polyoma virus (PV) labeled with 3H-thymidine under the influence of beta-propiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus (SV) was carried out in a permissive culture of mouse embryo fibroblasts and in two nonpermissive cultures of human embryo and chick embryo fibroblasts. In adsorption of PV on permissive and nonpermissive cells SV was found to reduce the amount of the adsorbed virus if used before the adsorption and to have no effect on adsorption upon reverse order of treatment of the cells with the two viruses. SV facilitates elution with 5 mM EDTA of PV adsorbed on both permissive and nonpermissive cells. Under the influence of SV, PV could be eluted from the surface of the permissive cells within 1 hour after adsorption and from the surface of the nonpermissive cells within 5-6 hours. Three hours after PV adsorption on permissive cells, both treated and untreated with SV, most of PV DNA (approximately 60%) was found in the nuclear fraction. At the same time, in the nuclear fraction of nonpermissive cells, treated or untreated with SV, the amount of PV DNA was insignificant (about 13%). The fraction containing large granules isolated from the cells which had been in contact with SV was found to contain approximately 50% of 3H-thymidine label.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1990

ADPRT-mediated decrease of cellular NAD content and the detection of chemically induced DNA damage--development of a new short-term screening test for mutagens.

It was found that the DNA-damaging agents N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), methyl-methanesulphonate (MMS) and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4NQO) could stimulate ADP-ribosyl transferase (ADPRT) activity and reduce the cellular NAD content in a dose-dependent way. The reduction of NAD after DNA damage could be partially or completely prevented by ADPRT inhibitors, 3-aminobenzamide or nicotinamide, which showed no influence on reduction of NAD induced by metabolic blocking agents. Therefore, a simple and specific method to detect DNA-damaging mutagens by measuring ADPRT-mediated decrease of cellular NAD content was explored. Using beta-naphthoflavone, a mixed function oxygenase inducer, together with induced or uninduced human amnion FL cells, it was found that aflatoxin B1, benzo(a)pyrene, 2-acetylaminofluorene, 9,10-dimethylanthracene and ethylcarbamate could induce the ADPRT-mediated decrease of cellular NAD content, while 4-acetylaminofluorene, anthracene, isopropyl-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-carbamate, beta-propiolactone, gamma-butyrolactone, cyclophosphamide and safrol could not. The results indicate that this is a cheap and specific method to detect DNA damage caused by chemical carcinogens/mutagens with a specificity approaching that of the unscheduled DNA synthesis assay.

Amnion↗
PubMed1979

Lymphocyte blast transformation response of seropositive and seronegative subjects to herpes simplex, rubella, mumps and measles virus antigens.

Lymphocytes from seronegative and seropositive subjects were stimulated in vitro with herpes simplex, rubella, mumps and measles viral antigens. Viral antigens were beta-propiolactone inactivated crude material (containing cell-membrane fragments) grown in Vero cells and prepared identically. Lymphocytes from seropositive subjects responded specifically to herpes virus antigen, and most rubella and mumps seropositive subjects responded to the respective antigens. Measles antigen, however, did not stimulate lymphocytes from seropositive or seronegative subjects. The responses of three subjects studied repeatedly over a period of several weeks were reproducible. The results of the study support the usefulness of the blast transformation test as a measure of sensitization to viruses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Protective effect in the serum of rabbits inoculated with BHK-21 cells infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus].

The present investigation was developed to determine the presence of protecting effects in the serum of rabbits inoculated with BHK 21 cells infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus, subtype C2. The rabbits received 252 mg. of antigens harvested 60, 65, 75, 90, 120 and 210 minutes post infection. These antigens were inactivated with two procedure: formaldehyde 0.015% and beta-propiolactone 0.2% and were inyected with incomplete Freund's adjuvant; the last inoculations were given with live antigen without adjuvant. The immunization period lasted approximately for six months. A seroprotection test in suckling mice was performed with each antiserum. The antisera corresponding to 75, 120 and 210 minutes post infection had protector effect. But antisera obtained with BHK cells at 75 minutes showed highly significant protective effect, as compared with the other two sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Reoperation of tetralogy of Fallot long after correction with aortic homograft: a case report].

Late results in the surgery for congenital heart disease repaired with external conduit have not yet been fully elucidated. We experienced a reoperation of tetralogy of Fallot (TF) that was previously repaired with an aortic homograft pretreated with beta-propiolactone for the reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract. Ten years after correction of TF, right ventricular failure developed due to the regurgitation of tricuspid valve. At reoperation tricuspid annuloplasty was performed, and the valve of aortic homograft was also replaced with xenograft because of its uncertain durability. However, the resected valve had pliability with least degenerative change macroscopically. The postoperative course was smooth. The case was a rare one of late reoperation of TF due to the tricuspid valve regurgitation, and the case also indicated unexpected long durability of the valve cusp of the aortic homograft.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Current safety of clotting factor concentrates.

Earlier commercial clotting factor concentrates transmitted hepatitis viruses to 100% and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome viruses to 60% to 80% of patients with hemophilia. Transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus was nearly eliminated by heating concentrates in the lyophilized state, which has been done since 1983. However, human immunodeficiency virus infections were still transmitted by some products "dry heated" under conditions less extreme than 68 degrees C for 72 hours. Newer virus-inactivating procedures include "dry heating" at 80 degrees C for 72 hours, modified heating in n-heptane or water vapor, heating in solution, treatment with solvent-detergent mixtures, monoclonal affinity purification plus inactivation, and alkylation with beta-propiolactone (only for factor IX complex). These procedures have eliminated significant loads of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and non-A, non-B hepatitis virus in laboratory studies. However, clinical studies have shown transmission of hepatitis non-A, non-B for products "dry heated" except at 80 degrees C and for products heated in n-heptane. Elimination of hepatitis B has been difficult to demonstrate, suggesting a continued need for immunization.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Virus safety of labile plasma products from the German viewpoint].

Unstable plasma derivatives are sterilized in Germany according to three methods. Combined treatment with beta-propiolactone + UV irradiation: in use at Biotest since 1968; Pasteurisation in sulution, 10 h at 60 degrees C in the presence of a maltose-glycin stabilizer; in use at Behring Werke since 1980; Treatment with solvent + detergent (tri-n-butyl phosphate + Tween 80 (sodium cholate]: in use at DRK Hagen and Biotest since 1987/88. The safety of unstable plasma derivatives sterilized according to these methods has been shown in studies in chimpanzees as well as in clinical studies.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of oil-emulsion vaccines prepared with pigeon paramyxovirus-1, Ulster, and La Sota Newcastle disease viruses.

Three strains of avian paramyxovirus-1 virus (PMV-1) were used to prepare four experimental monovalent oil-emulsion vaccines. A pigeon PMV-1 isolate (PPMV-1) and the Newcastle disease virus strains La Sota and Ulster were used to prepare four pools of beta-propiolactone-inactivated allantoic fluid for the vaccines. Groups of susceptible white rock chickens and racing homing pigeons were vaccinated subcutaneously with one of the vaccines, and their serologic responses were determined using the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test at frequent intervals up to 9 weeks postvaccination. Pigeons were challenged after 10 weeks with a virulent PPMV-1 isolate given intravenously, observed for signs of disease for 5 weeks, and then tested for secondary serologic HI responses. The HI responses were measured using the three strains of virus as HI test antigens. The titers were generally greater when the hemagglutination antigen used in the test was homologous with the antigen used to prepare the vaccine. All vaccines protected pigeons against morbidity and death but not against infection with the challenge virus. The shedding of PPMV-1 challenge virus from PPMV-1 vaccinates was greatly reduced 6 days after challenge.

Animals↗