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Results for “Pericarditis”

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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Viral pericarditis in patients receiving hemodialysis.

Four patients with end-stage renal disease in whom pericarditis developed while they received intermittent hemodialysis therapy were evaluated for viral infection. We found high or rising serum antibody titers to influenza virus A (three patients) and coxsackievirus B (one patient). Cardiac tamponade occurred in three patients, requiring pericardiectomy in two; each patient eventually recovered. Viral pericarditis may be an important cause of "uremic" pericarditis in chronically dialyzed patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Constrictive pericarditis: study by Doppler echography of blood flow in the supra-hepatic veins].

The blood flow rate in the supra-hepatic veins has been measured by Doppler ultrasound in 11 subjects suffering from more or less advanced constrictive pericarditis; the results were compared to those obtained with normal subjects. In all the pathological cases, the flow rate curve shows the following modifications: a slight decrease in the X peak, which is related to the blood "demand" caused by the decrease in the ventricular volume during the ejection, and a correlative increase in the Y peak, contemporaneous of the ventricular filling up. In the patients in which the pericarditis has not reached a marked stage of constriction, the intra-thoracic ventilatory pressure variations still exert a certain influence on the supra-hepatic blood flow rate; on the other hand, this influence is suppressed when the constriction is complete. These phenomena are parallel to the pressure modifications observed by catheterism and to those of the mitral and tricuspid transvalvular flow. The advantage of measuring the blood flow rate in the supra-hepatic veins lies in the fact that the access, for ultrasound analysis, to these vessels is quicker and more constant than to the heart valves. This method seems therefore to be an interesting one to assess the stage of development of the constricting pericarditis.

Hepatic Veins↗
PubMed1990

Acute pericarditis.

Acute pericarditis may be of viral or idiopathic origin, may be induced by certain drugs, may occur as a consequence of thoracic surgery, may result from infection by bacteria or other organisms, or may be associated with noninfectious systemic disease. In some instances, pericarditis may be detected quickly, and in other cases it may not be recognized until late. This article discusses clinical findings, clinical course, and treatment of acute pericarditis. In addition, diagnosis and treatment of pericardial effusion are presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Secondary pericarditis after myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

Our study concerns 480 observations about myocardial infarctions. In 10% of the cases, we have found a premature pericarditis diagnosed on the pericardic friction, electric and biologic signes. Some complications such as rythmical troubles, left ventricular dificiency, parietal anevrism are more frequent and increase the prognosis. In 1,2% of the cases, we find a post-infarction syndrom of Dressler, the prognosis of which is mild. The diagnosis is founded on the revival of the thoracic pain, the fever, the pericarditis and an inflammatory syndrom. The corticothérapy is efficient but seems to favour relapses.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of constrictive pericarditis due to traumatic pericardial hematoma].

Although the cause varies widely, we recently experienced a case of constrictive pericarditis of which cause seemed to be traumatic as described below. The patient was a 62-year-old man having a history of epigastric trauma about 20 years ago. Since then, palpitation appeared and he was recently hospitalized in our department for the purpose of receiving an operation under the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. At operation, a hematoma was found in the pericardial region, which was considered to have been caused by trauma in the past. Less reports have so far been available concerning trauma-induced constrictive pericarditis and this case thus seemed to be of rarity as well.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1989

Myocardial infarct expansion during indomethacin or ibuprofen therapy for symptomatic post infarction pericarditis. Influence of other pharmacologic agents during early remodelling.

Evidence of acute infarct expansion and the frequency of the acute infarct expansion syndrome (acute infarct dilatation and thinning associated with hypotension and left ventricular failure but no evidence of new necrosis) occurring at two days or more after a first acute Q-wave myocardial infarction were studied using serial two-dimensional echocardiography in 221 consecutive patients (100 anterior, 121 inferior). Patients with symptomatic pericarditis were treated with indomethacin (group 1, n = 73) or ibuprofen (group 2, n = 49) and those without symptomatic pericarditis received neither drug (group 3, n = 99). The overall frequency of the acute infarct expansion syndrome was 13% and 69% of these were among the pericarditis groups. The syndrome was significantly more frequent in group 1 (22%) than group 2 (8%) (P less than 0.05) or group 3 (9%) (P less than 0.025). Serial echocardiograms revealed more expansion with greater percentage increase in the infarct containing segment length in group 1 than group 2 or group 3 (18% versus 9% versus 9%, P less than 0.005). However, the decreases in infarct segment thickness were similar in groups 1 (24%) and 2 (25%) but greater (P less than 0.001) than in group 3 (7%). Despite similar infarct size and infarct thinning in groups 1 and 2, the degree of infarct expansion was greater and the infarct expansion syndrome more frequent in group 1. However, when allowance was made for the potential protective effect of prior use of intravenous nitroglycerin and concomitant use of nifedipine, indomethacin and ibuprofen had similar effects on expansion. Thus, indomethacin or ibuprofen should be used with caution after Q-wave infarction so as to avoid further expansion. The fact that short term use of other drugs might modify infarct remodelling should be considered in studies attempting to assess efficacy of one particular drug.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1989

[Echokymography in the diagnosis of clinico-morphologic variants of pericarditis].

Analysis of the results of the ultrasound diagnosis in 173 patients with different clinico-morphologic variants of pericarditis has demonstrated that in spite of the fact that echokymography does not provide any additional information as compared with uni- or two-dimensional echocardiography, it nevertheless promotes the more reliable diagnosis of pericarditis. Echokymography turned out the most informative in nonuniform constriction seen in adhesive pericarditis and in restricted exudates in the cavity of the pericardium.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

[Total pericardectomy. Exceptional treatment for recurrent idiopathic cortico-dependent pericarditis].

The authors report a case of definitive treatment of idiopathic relapsing pericarditis by total pericardectomy in the absence of signs of constrictive pericarditis after a 15 month period marked by multiple invalidating recurrences and the development of dependence on corticosteroid therapy. The indications of total pericardectomy must be discussed in these exceptional cases of failure of medical therapy in idiopathic relapsing pericarditis.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute pericarditis in meningococcal infection].

A case of acute pericarditis in a 2 1/2 year-old girl is reported. It appeared 3 days after the onset of a meningococcal meningitis which was favourably influenced by antibiotherapy. This pericarditis was immunologic in origin and disappeared within a few days with corticosteroid therapy. Differential diagnosis between purulent versus non suppurative acute pericarditis in patients with meningococcal bacteriemia is discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Candida pericarditis and tamponade in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Candida pericarditis and tamponade developed in a patient with sterile purulent pericarditis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus. Therapy with amphotericin B and properly timed surgical intervention led to a clinical and microbiological cure. This article emphasizes the importance of differentiating an infected pericardial effusion from the sterile pericarditis of systemic lupus erythematosus and provides suggested guidelines for the management of that complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pericardiectomy for effusive constrictive pericarditis after heart transplantation.

The following is a case report of an unusual complication after heart transplantation. The patient was a 37-year-old man who underwent heart transplantation because of idiopathic cardiomyopathy. His postoperative course was complicated by cardiac tamponade, coagulopathy, and chronic constrictive pericarditis. After transplantation, he underwent three subsequent open-chest procedures: the first for tamponade, the second for Serratia mediastinitis, and the third for a pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis. Although constrictive pericarditis and pericardiectomy have been described following coronary bypass surgery and valve replacement, they have not yet been reported in a heart transplant recipient.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Case of cholesterol xanthomatous pericarditis with an unusual pathogenesis].

Exudative cholesterol xanthomatous pericarditis was found at autopsy of a patient aged 57 who had suffered from the edematous form of thrombophlebitis of the deep crural veins complicated by thromboses of the iliac veins, vena cava inferior, recurring thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery, and pulmonary infarctions. The clinical picture of the main disease was interpreted as cardiac failure; numerous thromboembolic episodes were regarded as myocardial infarctions. The presence of cholesterol crystals in the exudate indicated a prolonged course of pericarditis. Laboratory findings confirmed the aseptic allergic genesis of pericarditis.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1986

[Postradiation pericarditis in lymphogranulomatosis patients].

Postradiation pericarditis was diagnosed in 11 of 52 patients treated for lymphogranulomatosis with radiation applied to enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. The risk of postradiation pericarditis is greater in cases of high radiation doses (more than 45 Gy) and in patients with postradiation pneumonitis. Postradiation pericarditis can develop both during the exposure and long after radiation therapy; therefore long-term follow-up is required for these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Chylous ascites caused by constrictive pericarditis.

Chylous ascites is an uncommon clinical entity associated with lymphatic obstruction usually caused by underlying malignancy. The authors describe a patient with chylous ascites caused by constrictive pericarditis in the absence of mechanical lymphatic obstruction. Pathophysiological mechanisms for the development of chylous ascites in constrictive pericarditis include augmented lymph production and high impedance to lymph drainage caused by central venous hypertension. After pericardiectomy, the patient's ascites and edema resolved. Constrictive pericarditis should be considered a rare but potentially curable cause of chylous ascites.

Chylous Ascites↗
PubMed1986

[Acute purulent pericarditis in childhood].

Four children with acute purulent pericarditis were seen at the Children's Hospital "La Fe", Valencia, between 1980 and 1985. Their ages ranged between 7 months and 7 years. All patients had some other associated infection, such as pneumonia (1 case), pyodermitis (1 case) and sepsis (2 cases). Pathogens identified were Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis. M-mode echocardiography and 2-dimensional echocardiography has proven to be a reliable tool in diagnosis of pericardial effusions. A 2-dimensional echocardiogram is indicated when a loculated pericardial effusions is suspected (Staphylococcus aureus pericarditis). Pericardiocentesis alone resulted in recovery of three patients and failed in one (Staphylococcus aureus pericarditis). This one was treated with pericardiectomy and recovered without complications.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Postmeningococcal pericarditis in children. A case favoring an immunoallergic process].

A case of pericarditis following meningococcal meningitis in a 19 month old boy is presented. First clinical signs were noted after 5 days of antibiotherapy (Cefotaxime); at that time the meningitis was cured and the bacteriologic studies yielded negative results. Complete clinical recovery was obtained within 24 hours of treatment with prednisone (2 mg/kg), antibiotherapy being stopped 4 days earlier. The pathogenesis of post meningococcal pericarditis is discussed based on the data from the literature. This observation adds support to an immuno-allergic origin of this pericarditis.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Legionella pneumophila pericarditis without pneumonia.

To our knowledge, Legionella pericarditis has been reported only four times in the literature and only once without pneumonia. We report the second case of nonpneumonic Legionella pericarditis in a man who eventually required pericardiectomy for constriction. Since Legionella endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis have all been documented by culture or direct fluorescent antibody staining, it is important to be aware of the possibility of cardiac legionellosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Traumatic pericarditis, an old acquaintance in due form (author's transl)].

The clinical, radiographic and post-mortem studies in an 18-month-old heifer are reviewed. The complaint was that the animal had not been eating and drinking for as long as ten days. Clinical studies revealed obvious changes of the respiratory and circulatory systems: marked engorgement of the jugular veins, clapotement synchronous with the heart beat and bronchial respiration over the apical lobes. Clinical examination was followed by a differential diagnosis in which traumatic pericarditis, pleurisy and an intrathoracic abscess were mainly considered, and is was decided to carry out radiography. The X-rays showed a major lesion, within which a horizontal level was observed. In addition, a large foreign body was discernible. The animal died within a few days and the diagnosis of traumatic pericarditis was verified, though pleurisy was also found to be present. The ichorous splenitis revealed by the post-mortem studies was not observed on clinical examination. The difficulties involved in arriving at a correct differentiation between pericarditis, pleuristy and an abcess are discussed in retrospect.

Abscess↗