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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Lethal body burden of triphenyltin chloride in fish: preliminary results.

1. Guppies exposed to several triphenyltin chloride (TPTC) concentrations in water died as soon as a body burden of 20 +/- 10 nmol/g fish was reached. 2. Accumulation of TPTC during exposure in acute toxicity experiments can be predicted by using the kinetic parameters of TPTC. 3. The lethal body burden is two orders of magnitude lower than for narcotic organic compounds such as chlorobenzenes.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The action of 5-coordinate triorganotin compounds on rat liver mitochondria.

5-Coordinate tin compounds influence mitochondrial function in the same three ways as triorganotin compounds: (1) they inhibit the energy conservation system like oligomycin, (2) they cause a Cl-/OH- exchange across mitochondrial membranes and (3) at high concentrations they cause large scale swelling. Unlike other triorganotin compounds they inhibit (1) at much lower concentrations than (2) and are as effective as oligomycin. Thhe implications of these findings for the mechanism of reaction of organotins with proteins, enzymes and mitochondria are discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1987

Interaction of di- and tributyltin chloride with human erythrocyte membrane.

Analysis of the binding of tributyltin chloride (TBT) to human erythrocyte membrane indicated a single class of binding site with an affinity of approximately 6.78 X 10(3) M-1, whereas dibutyltin dichloride (DBT) showed the presence of more than one class of binding sites with a high affinity value of 2.53 X 10(4) M-1 and a low affinity value of 2.06 X 10(3) M-1. Membrane protein binding studies revealed that both di- and tributyltin compounds bind significantly with band 3 protein of the erythrocyte membrane. These results indicate the significant interactions of erythrocyte membrane components with alkyltin compounds.

Erythrocyte Membrane↗
PubMed1979

Mass poisoning in cattle, palm doves and mink caused by the coccidiostat dibutyltin dilaurate.

Poisoning caused by dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTD) was diagnosed in cattle, mink, and palm doves. The accidental addition of a DBTD premix to calf concentrates at levels up to 25000 ppm on 18 farms caused poisoning in 1000 cattle, of which 171 died and 287 were slaughtered. High concentrations of tin were found in the cattle tissues and precluded their consumption by humans. Palm doves ingesting concentrates containing 12500 ppm DBTD on one farm were also poisoned and had high concentrations of tin in tissues. Mink were inadvertently fed a vitamin-mineral supplement containing about 1700 ppm DBTD. They appeared the most suceptible of the three species to this compound.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1982

Intestinal uptake site, enterohepatic circulation, and excretion of tetra- and trialkyltin compounds in mammals.

The intestinal uptake site, enterohepatic circulation, and excretion into bile, feces, and urine of alkyltins (tetra and trialkyltin) were investigated after oral, sc, or intestinal administration of the compounds to rats and rabbits. Assays of tetra- and trialkyltins in biological materials were carried out by gas chromatography. The main uptake sites in the small intestine were the jejunum and duodenum for tetraalkyltins and the ileum and jejunum for trialkyltins. Tetra- and trialkyltins were detected in the small intestine and contents of the intestinal lumen after sc injection of these compounds in rats. These facts suggest that tetra- and trialkyltins are transported in the body through enterohepatic circulation. The route, rate, and amount of excretion of tetra and trialkyltins seem to depend on the velocity of dealkylation, doses, physical and chemical properties, and route of administration of the compounds.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Comprehensive-trace level determination of methyltin compounds in aqueous samples by cryogenic purge-and-trap gas chromatography with flame photometric detection.

A comprehensive method was developed for the sensitive and fast determination of trace levels of methyltin compounds in aqueous samples. Tin compounds in aqueous solution at pH 5 were converted to the corresponding volatile hydrides: CH3SnH3, (CH3)2SnH2, and (CH3)3SnH, by reaction with potassium borohydride. A CP-4010 purge and trap injector (PTI) was used to purge analyte species from water directly. The volatile derivatives were base-line separated on a capillary column in an Angilent-6890 gas chromatograph by a suitable temperature program and were detected by a flame photometric detector (FPD). The detection limits were 18 ng L-1 for monomethyltin, 12 ng L-1 for dimethyltin, and 3 ng L-1 for trimethyltin, respectively. This method was successfully applied to the determination of methyltin compounds in different aqueous samples.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1975

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-substituted N'-cyano-S-(triorganostannyl)isothioureas.

Six N-substituted N'-cyano-S-(trimethylstannyl)isothioureas were synthesized by the reaction of (trimethylstannyl)cyanamide with various organic isothiocyanates. The IR spectrum of each compound was obtained over the 4000-30-cm(-1) range, and some bands were assigned. The six new compounds and five previously synthesized N-substituted N'-cyano-S-(triphenylstannyl)isothioureas were tested for and were found to exhibit antifungal activity. N-Phenyl-N'-cyano-S-(triphenylstannyl)isothiourea was also investigated for antibacterial activity and was observed to be especially inhibitory toward Gram-positive species. The antimicrobial activity of two compounds was compared to that of the oxygen analogs of these compounds.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2000

Effects of endocrine disruptors on prosobranch snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the laboratory. Part II: Triphenyltin as a xeno-androgen.

In laboratory experiments the effects of suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals on freshwater and marine prosobranch species were analysed. In this second of three publications the responses of the freshwater ramshorn snail Marisa cornuarietis and of two marine prosobranchs (the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus and the netted whelk Hinia reticulata) to the xeno-androgenic model compound triphenyltin (TPT) are presented. Marisa and Nucella were exposed via water (nominal concentrations 5-500 ng TPT-Sn/L) and Hinia via sediments (nominal concentrations 50-500 micrograms TPT-Sn/kg dry wt.) for up to 4 months. Female ramshorn snails but not the two marine species developed imposex in a time and concentration dependent manner (EC10 4 months: 12.3 ng TPT-Sn/L) with a comparable intensity as described for tributyltin. TPT reduced furthermore the fecundity of Marisa at lower concentrations (EC10 4 months: 5.59 ng TPT-Sn/L) with a complete inhibition of spawning at nominal concentrations > or = 250 ng TPT-Sn/L (mean measured +/- SD: > or = 163 +/- 97.0 ng TPT-Sn/L). The extension of the pallial sex organs (penis with accessory structures and prostate gland) of male ramshorn snails and dogwhelks were reduced by up to 25% compared to the control but not in netted whelks. Histopathological analyses for M. cornuarietis and H. reticulata provide evidence for a marked impairment of spermatogenesis (both species) and oogenesis (only netted whelks). The test compound induced a highly significant and concentration independent increase in the incidence of hyperplasia on gills, osphradia and other organs in the mantle cavity of N. lapillus indicating a carcinogenic potential of TPT. The results show that prosobranchs are sensitive to endocrine disruption at environmentally relevant concentrations of TPT. Also, M. cornuarietis is a promising candidate for a future organismic invertebrate system to identify endocrine-mimetic test compounds.

Androgens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytotoxic activity of bis-[di-n-butyl(4-aminosalicylato)tin] oxide, NSC: 628561, bis-[diphenyl(4-aminosalicylato)tin] oxide, NSC: 628562, and some related compounds, against a series of human tumour cell lines.

Bis[di-n-butyl (4-aminosalicylato)tin] oxide [NSC: 628561] (compound 1), bis [diphenyl(4-aminosalicylato)tin] oxide [NSC: 628562] (compound 2), and six other analogous compounds of the type [n-Bu2 (XYZ-C6H2COO)Sn]2O (compounds 3 to 8), were tested in vitro at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, for cytotoxic activity against a series of human cell lines. Compounds 1, 6 and 8 score globally satisfactorily since four of the five relevant sensitivity or selectivity parameters, DGI50, DTGI or DLC50, DH and MGDH, are statistically significant. Compounds 3 and 7 are less satisfactory because only three such parameters are statistically significant. For compound 2, only two of the parameters are significant.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peculiarities of alkyl tin effects on respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of rat liver mitochondria].

Electron transfer and oxidative phosphorylation were studied as affected by tinalkyls. It is shown that all of them inhibit effectively respiration of the rat liver mitochondria. The action of bis(tributyl tin)oxide and dibutyl diisooctyl thioglycolate tin on the mitochondria in a state of dissociation is localized in the terminal step of the respiration chain. The other alkyls act in the site located before cytocrome c. The effect of bis (tributyl tin) oxide on both the ADP-activated respiration and DNP-activated ATPase of intact mitochondria is similar to that of oligomycin. These effects might be explained by the presence two electrophilic centres in a molecule of this compound.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗