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Report on seven patients with giantcell arteritis. An ophthalmodynamographic finding typical for these aspects of case was recorded in all cases. In one-sided and permanently one-sided functional disturbances, too, a pathologically reduced pulsation volume on both sides could always be derived.
Retrospective analysis of the efficiency of optic nerve decompression in progressive glaucomatous optic neuropathy in patients with normalized intraocular pressure showed widening and/or stabilization of the visual field in remote periods (6-11 years) in 83.3% patients. Study of the hemodynamics after optic nerve decompression showed a significant improvement of the hemodynamic parameters in the orbital artery-central retinal artery system: increased bloodflow velocity in the central retinal artery, increase of ophthalmic blood pressure and perfusion pressure, dilatation of the arteries, and constriction of veins, which indicates improvement of hemoperfusion in the initial portion of the optic nerve and retina after decompression surgery on the optic nerve. Extension and stabilization of visual field correlated with positive changes in circulation.
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81 normotensive persons were examined with the ophthalmodyamographic method. The measuring device was fixed with a constant, hypodiastolic pressure, and orbital volume pulses were registered and analysed according to qualitative and quantitative pulse criteria. Pulse criteria of younger persons were compared to those of older patients, pulses of persons with a normal vascular system were compared to pulses of persons suffering from cerebral vascular sclerosis. The most important results can be summarized as follows: 1. In old age pulses with arciform ascent or deep-seated anacrotic inflection are found more often. 2. The applanation of the dicrotic wave is seen more often in older patients and most often in patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis. Yet it is not specific for regressive changes of the arterial wall. 3. Pulses of the peripheral type with decrement of the incisura are found more often in younger persons with unimpaired blood vessels, presumably because of the more viscous-plastic properties of the vascular wall. 4. The quotient of dicrotism increases in old age. 5. The mean value of pulse wave transmission time, as a rule, diminishes in older persons, but non-hypertensive patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis have an increased pulse wave transmission time when compared to persons of the same age group without vascular changes. 6. Concerning the diagnostic value of differences between left and right it is important to notice that physiological differences of pulse criteria are considerable as far as amplitudes and height of discrotism are concerned; they are less prominent as to the period of rapid ejection (time between beginning of steep ascent and primary peak) and practivally below the measurable range as to semi-amplitude time (time that passes until half of the maximum amplitude is reached) and pulse wave transmission time. That means: measurable differences in regard to semi-amplitude time or pulse wave transmission time are reliable diagnostic criteria whereas differences in amplitudes and height of discrotism may bring false positive results.
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Haemodynamic problems of ocular circulation are discussed with regard to blood pressure measurment in the eye, giving information about the blood circulation of the internal carotid artery. Investigations on the choroidal and retinal circulations show that, between these two tissue layers, the movement of extravascular fluid predominates from the choroidal capillaries to the retinal capillaries. A model of the pressure relationships in both of these vascular systems is constructed to substantiate this hypothesis.
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Blood supply to the eye was studied in 756 patients aged 40-82 years (1339 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma, systemic arterial pressure (AP) 105-170 mm Hg, and various level of intraocular pressure (IOP). Control group consisted of 340 healthy subjects (680 eyes) aged 28-80 years without ophthalmic diseases with the same AP values. Blood supply values in the controls were taken for the norm. They were in high correlation with systemic AP. Ocular blood supply in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma depends on systemic AP and IOP, particularly perfusion pressure (Pperf) which decreases by 3.1 mm Hg in patients with systemic AP of 126-139 mm Hg and moderately (from normal to moderate) increased IOP. If IOP increases in the interval from moderate to high in patients with the same AP, Pperf drops by 12.5 mm Hg. Pperf values indicate deterioration of ocular blood supply in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and different levels of IOP.
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32 patients are described, who 1971-1974 were hospitalized because of temporal arteritis. The admissions diagnoses were: 5 temporal arteritis. 7 Neuroretinitis. 4 Blood vessel obstruction. 2 Cerebral tumor. 14 Vision disturbances up to sudden blindness of unknown cause. In the early stages when intermittent visual disturbances with vague headaches of older patients (average age 68 years) are present, a temporal arteritis is often not recognised. In the region of the papilla the retinal arteries show obvious luminal narrowing. The papilla is already early on somewhat blurred and oedematous. The complaints continue bilaterally with intervals from days to months. Hence the treatment: bilateral resection of the temporal artery. Histologically: from our 32 patients 27 showed the classical picture of "giant-cell arteritis" with chronic inflammatory reaction of all layers of the wall and partial to complete obstruction of the vessel lumen. Local therapy: parabulbar application of cortisone. General therapy: Daily rheomacrodes infusions, Soludecortin, 100 mg per day (with latter "tailing off") and strophantin when the patient is not already digitalised.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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