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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Isolation pattern and clinical outcome of genital mycoplasma in neonates from a tertiary care neonatal unit.

The role of genital mycoplasma in perinatal mortality and morbidity has been debated. This study was undertaken to determine the frequency of isolation of genital mycoplasma and evaluate its association with clinical outcome. Sixty-six cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 49 tracheal aspirates taken from 100 low birthweight infants who had suspected meningitis and/or respiratory distress respectively were cultured for genital mycoplasma. Ureaplasma urealyticum was isolated from 9 per cent of CSF and 14 per cent of tracheal aspirates. Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from CSF in one case and none at the tracheal aspirates. Three out of seven mycoplasma-infected CNS cases showed CSF pleocytosis while three out of seven patients whose tracheal aspirates grew mycoplasma had congenital pneumonia. None of the patients were treated with antimycoplasmal therapy and none developed chronic lung disease.

Female↗
PubMed1997

UNICEF/WHO baby-friendly hospital initiative: does the use of bottles and pacifiers in the neonatal nursery prevent successful breastfeeding? Neonatal Study Group.

UNLABELLED: To promote breastfeeding, UNICEF/WHO have launched the "baby-friendly hospital initiative" focusing on hospital care routines during delivery and the first days of life. In industrialised countries, two aspects of the initiative have raised controversy: how do restriction of supplemental feedings and ban of bottles and pacifiers affect long-term breastfeeding performance? From ten centres 602 healthy newborns were randomly assigned either to a UNICEF group with restrictive fluid supplements and avoidance of bottles and pacifiers during the first 5 days of life, or to a standard group with conventional feeding practice. Breastfeeding was encouraged in both groups. The main study endpoints were the prevalences of breast-feeding on day 5, and after 2, 4 and 6 months. Of the newborns 46% violated the UNICEF protocol, mostly because of maternal requests to give a pacifier or supplements by bottle. In the standard group, the drop-out rate was 9.7%. No significant differences in breastfeeding frequency and duration could be found: (UNICEF vs standard) day 5: 100% vs 99%; 2 months: 88% vs 88%; 4 months: 75% vs 71%; 6 months: 57% vs 55%. Inclusion of drop-outs due to pacifier use did not alter the results. CONCLUSION: In our study population fluid supplements offered by bottle with or without the use of pacifiers during the first 5 days of life were not associated with a lower frequency or shorter duration of breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The National Birth Center Study. Part III--Intrapartum and immediate postpartum and neonatal complications and transfers, postpartum and neonatal care, outcomes, and client satisfaction.

This is the final article of the three-part report of the National Birth Center Study. Eight percent of the mothers or infants had serious complications; 16% were transferred, 12% before and 4% after the deliveries. Fifteen percent of transfers were emergencies. Nulliparous women were much more likely than parous women to experience dystocia, be transferred, or have cesarean sections. Seventy-five percent of the nulliparous women gave birth in the centers, compared with 95% of the parous women. Eighty-four percent of the women had at least one postpartum home or office visit. There were 11,814 mothers, no maternal deaths, and 15 intrapartum/neonatal deaths (1.3/1,000 births, 0.7 excluding congenital anomalies). Postterm deliveries with macrosomic infants, placental abruption, sustained fetal distress, and thick meconium were associated with high mortality. Mortality was very low for those not transferred and much lower for transfers during labor as compared with those after the delivery. Women with no medical/obstetric risk factors had the lowest rates of transfers and serious complications. Except for postterm pregnancies, the intrapartum/neonatal mortality rate for birth center clients was not higher than rates from studies of low-risk hospital births, and the cesarean section rate was lower. There is no evidence that hospitals are a safer place for low-risk births.

Birthing Centers↗