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Results for “Maxillofacial Prosthesis”

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At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Microwave techniques for fabrication of provisional facial prostheses.

Timely rehabilitation of facial defects necessitates provisional prostheses during the period following surgery. The possibilities of using microwave radiation in the drying of gypsum casts, the preparation of stone molds, the curing of silicone elastomers, and the extrinsic coloring of silicone prostheses are presented. Microwave radiation has the potential for saving time, energy, and resources during the fabrication of provisional facial prostheses.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1990

A boxing technique for making moulages of facial defects.

A technique using irreversible hydrocolloid in conjunction with conventional boxing method is described for making impressions of facial defects. The technique improves control of impression material without causing distortion of soft tissue adjacent to facial defects.

Colloids↗
PubMed1990

An evaluation of the surface characteristics of a facial prosthetic elastomer. Part III: Wettability and hardness.

Silicone facial prosthetic elastomers may cause tissue damage by abrasion. Such damage is a particular concern when prostheses are mechanically retained against tissues compromised by adjunctive therapy. The hardness and wettability of Cosmesil material was compared with that of Molloplast-B material. The stone test surfaces were separated with soap, sodium alginate, silicone paste, and left untreated. A polished stainless steel surface was prepared as a control. The specimens of Cosmesil and Molloplast-B materials were processed against each of these surfaces. Ten specimens of each material were processed against the five different surfaces. Wettability was evaluated by measuring the contact angle with a profile projector. Indentation hardness was measured with a Shore-A durometer. Statistical analysis involved multiple analyses of variation and Tukey's procedures (in all cases p less than 0.05). Molloplast-B material was found to have a higher wettability than Cosmesil material (means = 3.22 degrees higher); sodium alginate separator yielded silicone specimens with the highest wettability; Molloplast-B material was found to be harder than Cosmesil material (means = 9.75 Shore-A indentation units harder). The softest silicones were processed with soap separator. Silicone grease yielded the hardest specimens. The mechanical performance of Cosmesil material would be enhanced by increasing the surface wettability. The hardness of Cosmesil material is within the ideal range for a maxillofacial prosthetic elastomer.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1991

The use of visible light-cured resin system in maxillofacial prosthetics and neuro-orthopedic surgery.

The use of visible light-cured (VLC) resin was evaluated in contrast to more traditional chemical-cured resins for reconstruction of the spine in experimental rats. Such procedures are used to reconstruct vertebra in humans following corpectomy for neoplastic destruction of the spine. Numerous disadvantages exist in the use of chemical-cured resins, including excessive heat generated during the polymerization, cytotoxic effects of the nonpolymerized monomers on adjacent tissues, increased risk of infection due to impaired immunity, and distortion problems with the polymers. A new visible light-cured resin, Triad, was tested for use in maxillofacial prosthetics and for vertebral body replacement in neuro-orthopedic surgery. This study evaluated the biocompatibility of the VLC resin system as a bone implant material. The results of this study have shown the VLC resins underwent polymerization without substantial exothermic reaction and the biologic testing indicated that they are nontoxic and biocompatible. Some of the advantages noticed by using VLC resin are accuracy of fit and ease of fabrication and manipulation.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1992

Surgical and prosthetic considerations in the management of orbital tumors.

Since tumors of the globe and ocular adnexa, other than skin cancers of the eyelid, are uncommon, most oncologic specialists have little opportunity to become experienced in the management of eye tumors. In general, a malignancy that does not penetrate a bony orbital wall can be resected with an adequate margin by inclusion of the adjacent wall and periorbita. The decision to save or sacrifice a globe when a malignancy penetrates the bone but not the periorbita should be based on such factors as the tumor histology, contralateral vision, the probability of permanent diplopia, and the need for irradiation in doses that would destroy vision. Because of the complications involved with irradiation of orbital tumors, surgical resection has been the treatment of choice. In addition, orbital exenteration presents a unique challenge to the maxillofacial prosthodontist. Prosthetic restoration of the orbit is often complicated by the extent of resection, tissue response, and method of retention.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Effects of environmental factors on maxillofacial elastomers: Part IV--Optical properties.

The optical properties of four currently used and two recently introduced maxillofacial prosthetic materials were evaluated after the materials were subjected to the following seven environmental variables: natural weathering; normal aging; two types of adhesives; two types of cleaning agents; and cosmetics. Optical density and color changes were evaluated. The currently used silicones Silastic 4-4210 and Silastic 4-4515, Medical Adhesive type A material, and polyurethane all showed more changes in color and optical density than the newly introduced silicone A-102 material.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Effects of environmental factors on maxillofacial elastomers: Part I--Literature review.

Part I of a four-part report presents a comprehensive review of the literature pertaining to physical property testing of materials for facial and somatoprostheses. The report was conducted in preparation for testing four current maxillofacial elastomers: MDX 4-4210, Silastic 4-4515, Medical Adhesive type A, and Epithane-3, and two recently introduced materials: Silicone A-2186 and Silicone A-102.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1992

Biocompatibility testing of a silicone maxillofacial prosthetic elastomer: soft tissue study in primates.

Little information exists on the biocompatibility of maxillofacial prosthetic materials. Cosmesil material is a purpose-designed facial prosthetic elastomer that has an established clinical profile in humans but results of biocompatibility testing have not been published. Cosmesil, acrylic resin (positive control), black surgical gutta-percha (negative control), and Silastic 382 material (Dow Corning, Midland, Mich.) (reference control) were processed as custom-designed implants. The implants were inserted into five chacma baboons for a 12-week period in intraosseous, subperiosteal, submucosal, and intramuscular sites. The histologic assessment was based on a modified form of the FDI-ISO Technical Report 7405 for subcutaneous implants. An evaluation was made of capsule formation and inflammatory response. The statistical analysis involved a three-way ANOVA and a Tukey-Kramer Student range test. The critical level of statistical significance chosen was p less than 0.05. The study found that gutta-percha provoked a statistically significantly thicker capsule and a severe inflammatory response. Acrylic resin, Cosmesil material, and Silastic 382 material produced capsule formations and an inflammatory response that did not differ significantly. Cosmesil material is not manufactured as an implant material, but from the present findings it is considered acceptably biocompatible for its intended use where there may be contact with internal tissue spaces that are contiguous to external surfaces.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1992

Effects of environmental factors on maxillofacial elastomers: Part II--Report of survey.

Part II of a four-part report presents an international survey that was conducted to determine the most frequently used materials in the fabrication of facial and somatoprostheses. The survey also solicited information about advantages and disadvantages, methods of coloring, and the perceived properties of an "ideal" material. The results of the survey indicated that the majority of prosthodontists and prosthetists are using room temperature-vulcanized silicone products, intrinsically colored with dry earth pigments or artist's pigments. The need for further research in materials for external prostheses was clearly indicated.

Color↗
PubMed1992

Mechanical behavior of three maxillofacial prosthetic adhesive systems: a pilot project.

The use of maxillofacial prosthetic adhesives remains controversial. A new machine for mechanical testing of adhesives was developed. This machine was used for in vivo testing of three adhesive systems to determine the adhesive joint strength of bonding silicone facial prosthetic elastomer to facial skin. Tensile, torsion, and combined tensile-torsion tests were carried out on two human subjects. The three adhesives tested were PSA1, Pros-Aide, and Dow Corning 355. All adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions. A 900 gm bonding load was applied for 20 seconds. The experimental design made use of two subjects, and the entire experiment was repeated on each subject. One test site on the cheek was used. Adhesive types were compared by means of the Student-Newman-Keuls method. Within the limitations of the design of this pilot study, the results showed that Dow Corning 355 adhesive was statistically significantly stronger than the other two adhesives evaluated by means of tensile and combined tensile-torsional tests. Although the results of the present pilot project are of interest, extrapolation to definitive conclusions of a clinical nature should be avoided.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1993

Maxillofacial prosthetics: vital signs.

A maxillofacial prosthetics survey was designed to record the response rate of prosthodontists regarding the frequency of maxillofacial procedures and insurance coverage in 1991. The survey explored variability with respect to membership in professional organizations, region, education, primary activity, and age of the prosthodontist. A total of 342 survey instruments were received from a total of 690 mailed. A total of 18,410 maxillofacial procedures were performed by the survey population. Members of the American Academy of Maxillofacial Prosthetics performed procedures at a significantly higher rate than did the members of the American College of Prosthodontists. A greater procedure rate was observed for prosthodontists in the South Midwest and Southwestern regions; the hospital setting; with 2 plus 1 year additional postgraduate maxillofacial training; and the 45- to 54-year age group. Insurance covered most maxillofacial procedures, but was not uniformly distributed within predictor variables nor between procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Some physical properties of an improved facial elastomer: a comparative study.

An attempt was made to evaluate some properties of clinical importance of a new facial elastomer, Cosmesil HC2. A comparative study versus Silskin II and Cosmesil SM4 was also carried out and took into account the effect of weathering after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The results showed that Cosmesil HC2 is a resilient material and yet displays good tensile characteristics. The results also showed that weathering does not significantly affect Cosmesil HC2 elastomer's tear strength. The overall effect of irradiation was moderate in all materials tested.

Chemical Phenomena↗